I-Ursodeoxycholic Acid

I-Ursodeoxycholic Acid

I-Ursodeoxycholic acid ihlukile kweminye imithi yesibindi lapho welapha izinkinga kwesibindi. Le acid ye-bile eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ayiqondi nje kuphela izimpawu ezifana nezidakamizwa ezivamile—ithatha indawo yama-bile acid anobuthi emzimbeni. I-FDA yanikeza imvume yokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuhlakazeni amatshe enyongo ngo-1987 futhi kamuva yagunyaza ngo-1996 ukwelapha i-biliary eyinhloko. i-cirrhosis. Namuhla, isebenza njengomgogodla wezokwelapha ze-hepatology.

Odokotela ikakhulukazi basebenzisa i-ursodeoxycholic acid ukwelapha i-cholangitis eyinhloko ye-biliary, kodwa futhi bayinqumela ukuchithwa kwe-gallstone nezinye izinhlobo ze-cholestasis. Umuthi wehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-cholesterol ku-bile, esiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ukugcwala futhi kuncibilikise kancane kancane ama-gallstones anothe nge-cholesterol. Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ivikela amangqamuzana e-gastrointestinal tract futhi ilwa nokuvuvukala.

Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa lokho iziguli okufanele zazi nge-ursodeoxycholic acid. Uzothola imininingwane mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuthi isebenza kanjani emzimbeni wakho, imiphumela emibi, imihlahlandlela yomthamo, kanye nezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuphepha. 

Iyini i-Ursodeoxycholic Acid?

I-Ursodeoxycholic acid ikhona ngokwemvelo ngamanani amancane ngaphakathi kwe-bile yomuntu. Amaphilisi e-Ursodeoxycholic acid asebenza ngokunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol egazini ne-bile, ngakho asiza ukuncibilikisa amatshe enyongo aqukethe ikakhulukazi i-cholesterol. Iphinde ivikele amangqamuzana esibindi kuma-bile acid anobuthi futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwesibindi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ursodeoxycholic Acid Tablets

Okulandelayo ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-ursodeoxycholic acid:

• I-biliary eyinhloko isifo sohudo (isifo sesibindi se-autoimmune)
• I-Cholesterol ecebile inyongo (ikakhulukazi amancane- kuya kokuphakathi nendawo)
• Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-Gallstone ngesikhathi sokulahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha
• Izifo zesibindi ze-cholestatic
• Izimo zesibindi ezihlobene ne-Cystic fibrosis ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6-18

Ungazisebenzisa Kanjani Futhi Nini Izibhebhe ze-Ursodeoxycholic

Kufanele uphuze amaphilisi e-ursodeoxycholic ngemva kokudla ngamanzi noma ngobisi. Udokotela wakho uzobala umthamo wakho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho nesisindo somzimba wakho. 
Umthamo ojwayelekile usukela ku-10-15mg ngekhilogremu nsuku zonke, uhlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-2-4. Ukwelashwa kokuqedwa kwe-Gallstone kungase kuhlale iminyaka emibili futhi kufanele kuqhubeke izinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokuncibilika kwamatshe.

Imiphumela Emibi Yezibhebhe ze-Ursodeoxycholic

Okulandelayo eminye imiphumela emibi evamile:

• Uhudo
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• I-nausea
• Ukuzithoba
• Ukuphuza isikhumba
• isiyezi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuphezulu bequadrant kwesokudla (akuvamile)

Ukuqapha

• Ukumuncwa kwemithi kuncipha ngama-antacid aqukethe i-aluminium, amalahle, i-cholestyramine, noma i-colestipol. 
• Udokotela wakho udinga ukuqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. 
• Abantu abanokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder acute noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-biliary tract akufanele bathathe le mithi.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.

Isebenza kanjani Ithebhulethi ye-Ursodeoxycholic Acid

I-Ursodeoxycholic acid inezindlela eziningi zokuzuza umzimba:

• Amaseli esibindi athola ukuvikeleka ekulimaleni kwe-bile acid enobuthi
• Ukwanda kwe-bile secretion (umphumela we-choleretic)
• Ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol egazini kuyehla
• Amathumbu amunca i-cholesterol encane
• Amaseli e-Kupffer ayayeka ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zomoya-mpilo eziyingozi ezisebenzayo

I-asidi iguqula i-lithogenic bile (ethambekele ekwakhekeni kwamatshe) ibe yinyongo engeyona i-lithogenic futhi incibilikisa inyongo ye-cholesterol kancane kancane.

Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-Ursodeoxycholic Acid Neminye Imithi?

I-ursodeoxycholic acid isebenzisana nemithi eminingana, njenge:

• Ama-antacid aqukethe i-aluminium 
• I-Ciclosporin
• I-Ciprofloxacin
• I-Cholestyramine
• I-Colestipol
• I-Nitrendipine 
• I-Rosuvastatin

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Isimo sakho sinquma umthamo:

• Ukuqedwa kwe-Gallstone kudinga i-8-10 mg/kg/ngosuku - ihlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-2-3
• I-primary biliary cirrhosis idinga i-13-15 mg/kg/ngosuku—ihlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-2-4
• Ukuncipha kwesisindo kanye nokuvimbela inyongo kudinga ama-300 mg kabili ngosuku

Umthamo ongcono kakhulu we-primary biliary cirrhosis ngu-900 mg/ngosuku (cishe u-13.5 mg/kg/ngosuku).

Isiphetho

I-Ursodeoxycholic acid ithatha indlela eyingqayizivele uma iqhathaniswa nemithi evamile. Le acid yemvelo ye-bile ihlose izimo zesibindi emthonjeni wazo esikhundleni sokwelapha izimpawu. Iziguli zibona amatshe azo enyongo anothe nge-cholesterol encibilika kancane kancane futhi nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kuzo kuba ngcono ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Izinzuzo zidlula ukwelapha i-primary biliary cholangitis. Iziguli zazo zonke izinhlobo ezinezimo ze-cholestatic, izinkinga zesibindi ezihlobene ne-cystic fibrosis, nalabo abangase babe ne-gallstones ngesikhathi sokuncipha ngokushesha babonisa imiphumela emihle. Umuthi uguqula i-bile eyingozi ibe ifomu elinempilo futhi ivikela amaseli esibindi ekulimaleni.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-ursodeoxycholic acid ingozi enkulu?

I-Ursodeoxycholic acid inephrofayili yokuphepha enhle, futhi abantu bayiphatha ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Umuthi uhlala uphephile ekusetshenzisweni okuningi okuvunyelwe ngemithamo ejwayelekile (13-15 mg/kg/ngosuku). Imithamo ephezulu (28-30 mg/kg/ngosuku) ingase ibangele imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi uma une-primary sclerosing cholangitis. 

2. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu ku:

• Chaza amatshe enyongo e-cholesterol ezigulini ezingakwazi ukuhlinzwa
• Yelapha i-primary biliary cholangitis (ebibizwa ngokuthi yi-primary biliary cirrhosis)
• Vimbela ukwakheka kwe-gallstone ngesikhathi ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha

3. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid ekuseni noma kusihlwa?

Odokotela bavame ukutusa imithamo yakusihlwa ukuze kuncibilike amatshe enyongo ngempumelelo. Umthamo wokugcina kufanele uthathwe ngesikhathi sokulala ukuze imiyalelo kadokotela kabili ngosuku isebenze kahle kakhulu. Iziyalezo eziqondile zikadokotela wakho mayelana nesikhathi kufanele zihlale zilandelwa.

4. I-ursodeoxycholic acid ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kuqala ukubonisa ukuthuthuka ngemva kwamaviki ama-3-4. Ukuqedwa kwe-Gallstone kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe futhi kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-6-24, ngokusekelwe kusayizi wetshe kanye nokwakheka.

5. Ingabe i-ursodeoxycholic acid iyasiza esibindini?

Yebo kunjalo. Umuthi uvikela amangqamuzana esibindi emonakalweni futhi unciphisa ubuthi be-bile acid. Ukugeleza kwe-bile esibindini sakho kuyathuthuka futhi namazinga e-enzyme afana ne-ALT, AST, GGT kanye ne-alkaline phosphatase ayancipha.

6. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Kufanele uthathe umthamo ogejiwe uma usuwukhumbula. Yeqa umthamo ogejiwe uma umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe ungaphakathi kwamahora angu-4 futhi uqhubeke ngokujwayelekile. Ukuthatha umthamo ophindwe kabili ngeke kusize ukunxephezela.

7. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Uhudo luwuphawu oluyinhloko lwe-overdose. Kufanele uthole usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi kune-overdose. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu nokulinganisa amazinga oketshezi.

8. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Yeka noma gwema ukuthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid uma uhlangabezana:

• Ukuvuvukala okunamandla kwe-gallbladder noma i-biliary tract
• Ukuvinjwa kwepheshana le-biliary
• I-radio-opaque calcified gallstones
• Iziqephu ezivamile ze-biliary colic
• Ukonakala kwe-gallbladder contractility
• Ukukhulelwa noma ibele
• I-gallbladder engasebenzi

9. Zingaki izinsuku zokuthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Isimo sakho sinquma ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Ukuqedwa kwe-Gallstone: kufika eminyakeni emi-2, kanye nezinyanga ezi-3-4 ngemuva kokuncibilika kwamatshe
• I-cholangitis eyinhloko ye-biliary: ukwelashwa impilo yonke uma ibekezelelwa
• I-cholestasis eyenziwe nge-TPN: kuze kube yilapho amazinga e-enzyme yesibindi ejwayele

10. Nini ukuyeka i-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Udokotela wakho kufanele agunyaze ukuyeka ukwelashwa. Nokho, ukwelashwa kufanele kuyekwe uma:

• Uhudo olungapheli luyenzeka
• Ukusebenza kwesibindi kuwohloka kakhulu
• Izinhloso zokwelashwa ziyafinyelelwa
• Kuvela imiphumela emibi kakhulu

11. Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid nsuku zonke?

Imithamo enqunyiwe (10-15 mg/kg) ye-ursodeoxycholic acid ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Izivivinyo zemitholampilo ziqinisekisa ukubekezelelana okuhle nokuncane ukusabela okubi. Ukuqapha njalo kuzonikeza isiqiniseko sokuphepha esiqhubekayo.

12. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Thatha le mithi okungenani amahora ama-2 ngaphandle kwe-ursodeoxycholic acid:

• Ama-antacid aqukethe i-aluminium
• I-Cholestyramine ne-colestipol
• Izivimbela-nzalo zomlomo ezicebile nge-Oestrogen
• Utshwala (bungandisa ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi)

13. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme lapho ngithatha i-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Imihlahlandlela yezokudla incoma ukunciphisa:

• Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi
• Amafutha we-Trans
• Ukudla okusetshenzisiwe
• Isinkwa esimhlophe, i-pasta noshukela
• Ukudla okune-cholesterol eningi

14. Siyini isixwayiso nge-ursodeoxycholic acid?

Ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho kudinga ukugadwa njalo. Bheka izimpawu zokubola kwe-hepatic cirrhosis, engase ibe ngcono kancane ngemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa. Qaphela kakhulu uma ukopha kwe-variceal, i-ascites noma i-hepatic encephalopathy.