I-Valacyclovir

I-Valacyclovir

I-Valacyclovir, isidakamizwa esilwa namagciwane esinqunyelwe kabanzi, sinikeza ithemba ezigidini zabantu abaphethwe yi-herpes simplex virus (HSV) kanye nezifo ze-varicella-zoster (VZ). Lo muthi ophawulekayo usuphenduke insika ekwelapheni lezi zimo ezibangelwa amagciwane, unikeza impumuzo kanye nezinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe ezigulini emhlabeni wonke.

Kulesi sihloko esibanzi, ake sihlole ukungena nokuphuma kwamaphilisi e-valacyclovir, ukusetshenziswa kwawo, ukuphatha ngendlela efanele, imiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona, izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo, kanye nendima yawo ekulawuleni izifo ze-herpes.

Iyini i-Valacyclovir?

I-Valacyclovir imithi enamandla ye-antiviral esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene izifo ze-herpes. Ingokwesigaba sezidakamizwa ze-purine nucleoside analogue futhi isisetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. I-FDA yagunyaza i-valacyclovir ngo-1995, futhi i-GlaxoSmithKline yayimaketha ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Valtrex. Lo muthi yi-L-valine ester ye-aciclovir, eba ifomu elisebenzayo emzimbeni.

Odokotela banquma i-valacyclovir yokwelapha izilonda ezibandayo, i-herpes yesitho sangasese, shingles, kanye nenkukhu. Isebenza ngokumisa ukukhula kwamagciwane athile, ukusiza izilonda ziphole ngokushesha, nokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuluma. Nakuba i-valacyclovir ingaqedi lezi zifo, yehlisa ukuqina nobude bokuqubuka kwezifo.

I-Valacyclovir ivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-viral DNA ngokuvinjelwa kokuncintisana, ukufaka nokuqeda uchungechunge lwe-DNA yegciwane elikhulayo, kanye nokwenza i-viral DNA polymerase ingasebenzi. Le nqubo iyenza iphumelele ekulweni ne-herpes simplex virus (HSV) izinhlobo 1 no-2, igciwane le-varicella-zoster (VZ), i-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), kanye ne-cytomegalovirus.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi yeValacyclovir

Amaphilisi e-Valacyclovir asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene zegciwane ezibangelwa amagciwane e-herpes simplex, njenge:

• Amaphilisi e-Valacyclovir alwa ngokuphumelelayo ne-herpes yomlomo, ebangela izilonda ezibandayo emlonyeni.
• I-Valacyclovir iphinde yelapha i-herpes yangasese, isifo esithathelwana ngocansi esikhiqiza amabhamuza abuhlungu endaweni yangasese.
• Amaphilisi e-Valacyclovir asiza ekulawuleni ukuqubuka kwezifo futhi angavimbela ukuqubuka kwabantu abanamasosha omzimba avamile noma labo abane-HIV.
• I-Valacyclovir iphinde yelapha i-shingles, isimo esibangelwa igciwane le-varicella-zoster, elidala i-chickenpox ekuqaleni.
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-2 kuya kwengu-18 enamasosha omzimba avamile, ilapha inkukhu, eveza amaqhubu amancane abomvu futhi angabangela izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane.
• Nakuba i-valacyclovir ingelona ikhambi lalezi zifo, yehlisa ukuqina kanye nesikhathi sokuqubuka kwezifo, isheshisa ukuphulukiswa, futhi inciphise ubuhlungu nokuluma.

Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Valacyclovir Tablet

• Iziguli kufanele ziphuze i-valacyclovir ngomlomo ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla njengoba ziqondiswa udokotela wazo. Umthamo nobude bokwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo, isimo sezempilo, kanye nokusabela ekwelashweni.
• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi kubalulekile ekwehliseni amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle.
• Abantu kufanele baphuze i-valacyclovir ekuqaleni kokuqubuka kwesifo ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle. Ezimweni ze-shingles noma inkukhu, kufanele baqale ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokuqala noma ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuvela kwe-rash. Nge-herpes ezithweni zangasese noma izilonda ezibandayo, iziguli kufanele ziqale ngesikhathi sokuqala noma lapho zizwa ukugubha, ukulunywa, noma ukushisa.
• Ukuze kugcinwe izinga lomuthi elingaguquki emzimbeni, iziguli kufanele ziphuze i-valacyclovir ngezikhathi ezihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo, okungcono ngesikhathi/izinkathi ezifanayo usuku ngalunye.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Valacyclovir

Imiphumela emibi evamile yamaphilisi e-valacyclovir yilezi:

• bekhanda
• I-nausea
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• isiyezi

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yamaphilisi e-valacyclovir yilezi:

• Ukushintsha kwengqondo noma imizwa, okuhlanganisa ukudideka, ukuyaluza, nokubona izinto ezingekho
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ukulimala okulula nokopha
• Umchamo omnyama or igazi emchameni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukulimala kwezinso, njengokushintsha kwenani lomchamo noma ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izandla, noma izinyawo
• Ukuhamba okungaqinile
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu

Ukuqapha

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Umuntu ngamunye kufanele azise udokotela noma usokhemisi nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani ne-valacyclovir, acyclovir, noma ezinye izinto. Kufanele futhi bazise ngemithi yabo eqhubekayo, amavithamini, amaminerali, noma izithasiselo zemithi. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukugonywa, iziguli kufanele zazise odokotela ngokusetshenziswa kwazo i-valacyclovir.
• Izimo Zesistimu: Abantu kufanele badalule umlando wabo wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinkinga zezinso noma izinkinga zamasosha omzimba.
• Isiyezi: I-Valacyclovir ingase ibangele isiyezi, ngakho iziguli kufanele zigweme ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini kuze kube yilapho sezingakwenza ngokuphepha. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala futhi uxoxe ngokusetshenziswa kwensangu nodokotela.
• Abadala: Abantu abadala asebekhulile bangase bazwele kakhulu emiphumeleni engemihle, ikakhulukazi izinguquko ezingqondweni nasezinkingeni zezinso. 
• Izinyathelo Zokuqaphela Ukusondelana: I-Valacyclovir ayikuvimbeli ukusabalala kwe-herpes, ngakho-ke iziguli kufanele zigweme ukuthintana ngokocansi ngesikhathi sokuqubuka futhi zisebenzise izindlela zokuvimbela.
• Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele isebenzise i-valacyclovir kuphela lapho idingeka ngokucacile, futhi omama abancelisa ibele kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo.
• Gcina Ukuhlanzeka: Iziguli kufanele zigcine izindawo ezithintekile zihlanzekile futhi zomile, zigqoke izingubo ezixegayo, futhi zifune usizo lwezokwelapha uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu noma zingathuthuki phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Isebenza kanjani i-Valacyclovir Tablet

I-Valacyclovir isebenza ngokukhomba amagciwane athile emzimbeni. Kungokwesigaba se-nucleoside analogue DNA polymerase inhibitor. Umuthi uguqulwa ube yi-aciclovir, uhlobo lwawo olusebenzayo, obese uvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-viral DNA. Le nqubo yenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu: ngokuncintisana ivimbela i-viral DNA polymerase, ihlanganise futhi iqede uchungechunge lwegciwane le-DNA ekhulayo, futhi yenza i-viral DNA polymerase.

Umuthi ukhombisa amazinga ahlukene okuvinjelwa kumagciwane ahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ze-HSV 1 no-2, i-varicella-zoster virus, i-Epstein-Barr virus, ne-cytomegalovirus. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni namagciwane e-herpes ngenxa yokuhlobana kwayo okuqinile ne-thymidine kinase, i-enzyme etholakala kuphela kumaseli atheleleke ngegciwane.

Nakuba i-valacyclovir ingelapheki izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, inciphisa kakhulu ubukhali nobude bayo. Isiza izilonda ukuthi ziphole ngokushesha, ivimbele izilonda ezintsha ukuthi zingakheki, futhi inciphisa ubuhlungu nokuluma. Lokhu kwenza kube ukwelashwa okusebenzayo ezimeni ezifana nezilonda ezibandayo, i-herpes yangasese, i-shingles, kanye nenkukhu.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Valacyclovir Ngeminye Imithi?

Ezinye izidakamizwa zingase zihlanganyele ne-valacyclovir, ikakhulukazi leyo engabangela izinkinga zezinso. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen ne-naproxen. I-Valacyclovir ingase futhi ithinte amazinga okuphuma kweminye imithi efana nale:

• Abacavir
• I-Acetaminophen
• I-Amphotericin B
• Ama-antibiotic athile, kuhlanganise ne-amikacin, i-tobramycin, i-gentamicin, i-vancomycin
• I-Cetazolamide
• Lithium
• I-Methotrexate
• I-Probenecid
• I-Tacrolimus

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-valacyclovir ifana kakhulu ne-acyclovir. Iziguli akufanele zisebenzise imithi equkethe i-acyclovir ngenkathi zithatha i-valacyclovir ukuze zigweme izinkinga ezingase zibe khona.

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo we-valacyclovir uyahlukahluka futhi uncike esimweni sokwelashwa.

Nge-chickenpox ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-2-18, odokotela banquma i-20 mg / kg yesisindo somzimba, ethathwe kathathu nsuku zonke izinsuku ezinhlanu, engadluli ku-1000 mg umthamo ngamunye.

Abantu abadala abanezilonda ezibandayo bathatha 2000 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12 ngosuku olulodwa.

Ngokuqubuka kwe-herpes yangasese yokuqala, abantu abadala bathatha i-1000 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyishumi.

Ukuqubuka okuphindaphindiwe kudinga i-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu.

Ukwelashwa kwama-shingles kuhilela i-1000 mg kathathu ngosuku izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.

Isiphetho

Amaphilisi e-Valacyclovir anethonya elikhulu ekulawuleni izifo ze-herpes, enikeza impumuzo kanye nezinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe kubantu ngabanye emhlabeni jikelele. Lo muthi onamandla ovimbela amagciwane ubhekana nezimo ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa amagciwane e-herpes simplex kanye ne-varicella-zoster, okuhlanganisa izilonda ezibandayo, i-herpes yangasese, i-shingles, ne-chickenpox. Nakuba ingelapheki lezi zifo, i-valacyclovir isiza izilonda ukuthi ziphole ngokushesha, inciphise ubuhlungu nokuluma, futhi yehlise ukuqina kanye nesikhathi sokuqubuka kwezifo.

Ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa okufanele, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuphepha ze-valacyclovir kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe izinzuzo zayo. Abantu kufanele balandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela, baqaphele ukusebenzisana okungenzeka neminye imithi, futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ukuze bavimbele ukusakazeka kwaleli gciwane.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe i-valacyclovir iyi-antibiotic noma i-steroid?

I-Valacyclovir ayiyona i-antibiotic noma i-steroid. Kuwumuthi we-antiviral obambezela ukukhula nokusabalala kwegciwane le-herpes. Isiza umzimba ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane e-herpes, okuhlanganisa izilonda ezibandayo, i-genital herpes, nama-shingles.

2. Isebenza ngokushesha kangakanani i-valacyclovir?

I-Valacyclovir iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha nje lapho ingena ohlelweni. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ubude bungancishiswa ngosuku olulodwa uma kuthathwa kusenesikhathi ngezilonda ezibandayo. Ku-herpes yobulili, kunganciphisa ukuqubuka kokuqala ngezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezine uma kuthathwa phakathi namahora angu-48 okuqala kwezimpawu.

3. Yimuphi umphumela ovame kakhulu we-valacyclovir?

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ye-valacyclovir ihlanganisa ikhanda, isicanucanu, nobuhlungu besisu. Abanye abantu bangase futhi babe nesiyezi.

4. Ingabe i-valacyclovir yansuku zonke iphephile?

I-valacyclovir yansuku zonke ingaba ephephile ekwelapheni okucindezelayo ku-herpes yangasese. Yehlisa imvamisa yokuqubuka futhi yehlise nengozi yokudlulisela. Kodwa-ke, ukuphepha kwesikhathi eside okungaphezu konyaka owodwa kubantu abanomzimba ojwayelekile noma izinyanga eziyisithupha kulabo abane-HIV akukaqinisekiswa kahle.

5. Ubani okungafanele aphuze i-valacyclovir?

Abantu abanenkinga yezinso kufanele basebenzise i-valacyclovir ngokucophelela, ngoba ingaba yingozi ezinso. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bayisebenzise kuphela uma kudingeka ngokucacile. Omama abahlengikazi kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo, njengoba i-valacyclovir ingadlulela obisini lwebele.

6. Ingabe i-valacyclovir ayilungile ezinsweni zakho?

I-Valacyclovir ingalimaza izinso, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa neminye imithi ethinta ukusebenza kwezinso. Abantu abanezinkinga zezinso ezikhona kufanele bayisebenzise ngokucophelela futhi ngaphansi kokugadwa kwezempilo okuseduze.

7. Isetshenziselwa ini i-valacyclovir ngokuyinhloko?

I-Valacyclovir isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane e-herpes. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-herpes yangasese, izilonda ezibandayo, kanye ne-shingles kubantu abadala kanye nenkukhu ezinganeni. Kuyasiza ekwehliseni ubulukhuni kanye nobude besikhathi sokuqubuka, kusheshise ukuphulukiswa, futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu nokuluma okuhambisana nalezi zimo.