I-Valproic Acid

I-Valproic Acid

I-Valproic acid idonse ukunaka kochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi. Lo muthi oguquguqukayo unomthelela ekulinganiseni kwamakhemikhali obuchopho, unikeza impumuzo ezigulini eziningi ezinenkinga yezinzwa nezimo zengqondo. Isiza ukulawula ukuquleka kanye nokuzinza kwemizwa futhi kusiza nasekulawuleni okungamahlalakhona izinhlungu zekhanda.

Le bhulogi ihlose ukucacisa amazinga e-valproic emzimbeni, ukuthi imithi ye-valproic isebenza kanjani, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo okufanele uzikhumbule. 

Iyini i-Valproic Acid?

I-Valproic acid iyimithi enamandla odokotela abayinikeza ukwelapha izimo ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa nezengqondo. Kungokwesigaba sezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-anticonvulsants, asebenza ngokwandisa inani lento ethile yemvelo ebuchosheni. Le nto isiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi yama-neurotransmitters. Ama-Neurotransmitters ayizithunywa zamakhemikhali ezidlala indima eyinhloko ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Valproic Acid

Isidakamizwa i-valproic acid sinomthelela ekwelapheni izimo ezehlukene zezinzwa nezingokwengqondo. Odokotela banikeza lo muthi oguquguqukayo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga eziningana zezempilo, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Valproic acid isiza ukulawula izinhlobo ezithile zokuquleka kubantu abane isithuthwane. 
• Umuthi ulawula iziqephu zokuhlanya, okuyizikhathi zokusangana, nokujabula ngendlela engavamile. 
• Nakuba i-valproic acid ingawaqedi amakhanda asevele aqalile, inethonya ekuvimbeleni ikusasa migraines. 

Indlela Yokusebenzisa I-Valproic Acid Tablets

I-Drug valproic acid iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amaphilisi akhululwe isikhathi eside, amaphilisi okukhululwa okubambezelekile, amaphilisi okufafaza, nesiraphu. Iziguli kufanele ziwuphuze lo muthi ngendlela okushiwo udokotela wazo.

• Ukuze uphuze amaphilisi e-valproic acid, uwagwinye egcwele ingilazi yamanzi. Ungawahlukanisi, uwachoboze, noma uwahlafune. Thatha umuthi nokudla ukuze usize ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu.
• Sebenzisa i-valproic acid ngesikhathi(izi)khathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye ukuze ugcine izinga elihlala njalo lemithi egazini.
• Ukuze uthole amaphilisi akhishwa isikhathi eside, waphuze kanye ngosuku.
• Kwezinye izinhlobo, ezifana isiraphu, amaphilisi, amaphilisi okukhishwa okubambezelekile, namaphilisi okufafaza, uwathathe kabili noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke njengoba uyaliwe.
• Uma usebenzisa ama-capsules wokufafaza, wagwinye wonke, noma uwavule bese ufafaza ubuhlalu ku-teaspoonful yokudla okuthambile okufana ne-apulasi noma uphudingi. Ungagcini ingxube yemithi engasetshenziswanga.
• Linganisa umthamo ngokucophelela usebenzisa isipuni sokulinganisa esimakiwe noma inkomishi yomuthi yefomu lesiraphu.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Valproic Acid

I-Valproic acid, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi eminingi. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza
• Uhudo
• Umlomo owomile noma obuhlungu, izinsini ezivuvukele
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile
• Ukukhathala noma ukozela
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• I-tinnitus (ukuzwa ukukhala noma ukukhala ezindlebeni)
• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Ukuncipha kwezinwele noma ukushintsha kombala/ukwakheka kwezinwele
• Izikhathi ezingavamile noma ezibambezelekile

Ukuqapha

• Izimo zezokwelapha: Umlando wezokwelapha ubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa kwe-valproic acid. Iziguli kufanele zidalule noma yimuphi umlando walokhu:

• Isifo sesibindi
• Pancreatitis
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Metabolic (isb, ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo we-urea, i-Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome)
• Ukuphuza utshwala
• Izinkinga zokuphuza
• Isifo sobuchopho (ukuwohloka komqondo)
• Isifo sezinso
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
• Ukudla okungenamsoco

• Iziguli kufanele zigweme ukushayela, ukusebenzisa imishini, noma ukwenza izinto ezidinga ukuqapha kuze kube yilapho ziqonda ukuthi umuthi uzithinta kanjani. 
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha ubudala zisengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zesibindi kanye ne-pancreatitis. 
• Abantu abadala asebekhulile bangase babe nokuzwela okwenyukile emiphumeleni engathandeki, ikakhulukazi ukozela, isiyezi, ukungazinzi, noma ukundindizela, okungase kuphakamise ingozi yokuwa.
• Ukukhulelwa kuwukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwe-valproic acid. Umuthi ungalimaza ingane engakazalwa, ibangele ukukhubazeka okungathi sína kokuzalwa, okuhlanganisa ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube. 
• Ibele omama kufanele bafune isiqondiso kudokotela wabo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-valproic acid, njengoba idlulela obisini lwebele.
• Iziguli kufanele zibheke izimpawu nezimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi, njengobuhlungu besisu noma ukuzwela, indle enobumba, umchamo omnyama, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukulunywa, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, nokushintsha kombala wamehlo noma isikhumba okuphuzi.

Indlela Ithebhulethi Ye-Valproic Acid Esebenza Ngayo

I-Valproic acid isebenza ngezindlela eziningi zokwelapha izimo ezihlukahlukene zemizwa nezengqondo. Izenzo zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa amazinga e-GABA akhulayo, ukuvimbela iziteshi ze-sodium, ukulungisa iziteshi ze-calcium, kanye nokuthinta ukubonakaliswa kofuzo. Lezi zindlela ezihlukahlukene zifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kwayo ekulawuleni isithuthwane, ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, kanye nemigraines.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Valproic Acid Ngeminye Imithi?

Imithi eminingana ingasebenzisana ne-valproic acid:

• Ama-Antihistamine, njenge-cetirizine ne-diphenhydramine
• Ama-antidepressants athile afana ne-amitriptyline ne-nortriptyline
• Izidakamizwa zokukhathazeka nokulala
• I-Irinotecan
• I-Mefloquine
• Ama-opioid pain relievers
• I-Orlistat
• Imithi yokubamba njenge-ethosuximide, i-lamotrigine, i-rufinamide, ne-topiramate 
• Amanye ama-antibiotics, ikakhulukazi ama-carbapenems afana ne-imipenem
• I-Warfarin, i-blood thinner
• I-Zidovudine yayisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-HIV

Ulwazi Lomthamo

• Ngokwelashwa kwesithuthwane kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, umthamo wokuqala womlomo ngu-10 kuya ku-15 mg/kg/ngosuku. 
• Ezimweni zokubanjwa ukungabikho okulula nokuyinkimbinkimbi, umthamo wokuqala uvame ukuba ngu-15 mg/kg/usuku ngomlomo. 
• Ukuphathwa kwe-Intravenous (IV) kuyinketho yeziguli ezingakwazi ukuphuza imithi yomlomo. Umthamo we-IV ulingana nomthamo womlomo kanye nemvamisa, elawulwa njengesilinganiso sokumnika semizuzu engama-60 esingekho ngaphezu kwama-20 mg/min. 
• Lapho welapha i-bipolar mania, umthamo wokuqala uvamise ukuba ngu-750 mg/ngosuku, uhlukaniswe ngemithamo emincane. 
• Ukuze uvimbele ukudumala kwekhanda, abantu abadala bavamise ukuqala ngo-250 mg kabili ngosuku, okungase kunyuke kufike ku-1000 mg/ngosuku.

Isiphetho

I-Valproic acid isiza ukuphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa nengqondo, inikeze impumuzo ezigulini ezihlushwa isithuthwane, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, kanye nemigraines. Ikhono layo lokulungisa i-chemistry yobuchopho liyenza ibe ithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lo muthi onamandla udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela futhi kufanele uthathwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha okuseduze ngenxa yemiphumela yayo engemihle engaba khona.

FAQ sika

1. Isetshenziswa ngani i-valproic acid?

I-Valproic acid inomthelela ekwelapheni izimo ezahlukahlukene zemizwa nengqondo. Odokotela banikeza lo muthi oguquguqukayo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga eziningana zezempilo:

• Izinkinga zokubamba
• Isifo se-bipolar
• Ukuvimbela Migraine
• Ama-syndromes wobuhlungu obungapheli

2. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-valproic acid?

I-Valproic acid ayifanele wonke umuntu. Amaqembu athile abantu kufanele akugweme ukuthatha lo muthi:

• Abantu abanesifo sesibindi
• Abantu abanezinkinga ze-metabolic
• Abantu abanezinkinga ezithile zofuzo
• abesifazane abakhulelwe
• Abesifazane abangase bakhulelwe
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili

3. Ungakwazi yini ukuthatha i-valproic acid nsuku zonke?

Ungathatha i-valproic acid nsuku zonke njengoba kunqunywe udokotela. Umthamo kanye nemvamisa kuncike ezintweni zesiguli ngasinye kanye nesimo esilashwayo. 

4. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha i-valproic acid ebusuku?

Yebo, i-valproic acid ingathathwa ebusuku. Eqinisweni, kwezinye iziguli, ukuyithatha ebusuku kungase kube usizo. 

5. Yimuphi umphumela ovame kakhulu we-valproic acid?

I-Valproic acid ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene. Ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nesifo sohudo 
• Ukozela, isiyezi, nokundindizela
• Ezinye iziguli zithola ukwanda kwesisindo 
• Ukuncipha kwezinwele noma ukushintsha kombala wezinwele noma ukuthungwa
• Abesifazane bangase babe nezikhathi ezingajwayelekile noma ezibambezelekile

6. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-valproic acid?

Lapho uthatha i-valproic acid, iziguli kufanele zigweme:

• Utshwala
• Ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini
• Amanye ama-antibiotics, ama-antidepressants, kanye neminye imithi yokuwa 
• Ukumisa umuthi kungazelelwe
• ukukhulelwa 

7. Kufanele lihlolwe nini izinga le-valproic acid ngemva kokuqala?

Ukuqapha amazinga e-valproic acid kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokuphephile. Nasi isikhathi sokuhlola:

• Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala imithi
• Ngemuva kokulungiswa komthamo
• Ngemva kokufinyelela amazinga azinzile ebangeni lokwelapha, ukuqapha kungase kwenzeke ngezikhathi ezingavamile kodwa ezivamile.
• Uma isimo singaphenduli
• Uma imiphumela emibi ivela
• Ngaphambi kwezinqubo zokuhlinza ezihleliwe
• Kuso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.