I-Voriconazole

I-Voriconazole

I-Voriconazole, isidakamizwa odokotela abavame ukusinikeza, senze amagagasi emhlabeni wezokwelapha. Le thebhulethi idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene zokukhunta, inikeza ithemba ezigulini ezibhekene nezimo zempilo eziyinselele. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Voriconazole ngokumelene nohlu olubanzi lwesikhunta kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo emhlabeni jikelele.

Ake sihlole ukuthi iyini i-voriconazole futhi sembule ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuphatha okufanele, kanye nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona. Sizophinde sihlole ukuthi le thebhulethi isebenza kanjani emzimbeni, ukusebenzisana kwayo neminye imithi, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzikhumbule.

Iyini i-Voriconazole?

Umuthi we-Voriconazole umuthi omusha we-triazole antifungal osebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo ezinzima izifo zokukhunta. Lesi sidakamizwa sibangele uguquko ekwelapheni izifo zesikhunta ezihlaselayo. Amaphilisi e-Voriconazole anciphisa ukukhula kwesikhunta, awenze aphumelele ngokumelene namagciwane amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-Aspergillus ne-Candida. I-FDA igunyaze lo muthi ukwelapha i-aspergillosis ehlaselayo kanye nezifo ezibangelwa yizinhlobo ze-Scedosporium ne-Fusarium.

Odokotela bavame ukunikeza i-voriconazole amaphilisi angu-200 mg abantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Lesi sidakamizwa sitholakala kokubili amafomu omlomo kanye ne-intravenous, enikeza ukuguquguquka ekulawuleni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Voriconazole

Isidakamizwa iVoriconazole, umuthi onamandla we-triazole antifungal, onokusetshenziswa okuningi, okufana nalokhu:

• Odokotela banikeza lesi sidakamizwa kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ukuze balwe ne-aspergillosis ehlaselayo, isifo sokukhunta esiqala emaphashini futhi sisakazeke egazini.
• Ithebhulethi ye-voriconazole iyasebenza futhi ekulweni ne-oesophageal candidiasis, engase ibangele amabala amhlophe emlonyeni nasemphinjeni.
• Umuthi we-voriconazole uphinde welapha i-candidemia, ukutheleleka kwefungal egazini.
• Lo muthi oguquguqukayo ubhekana nezifo ezibangelwa yi-Scedosporium apiospermum ne-Fusarium, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
• Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Voriconazole kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi ekwelapheni iziguli ezingenawo amandla okuzivikela ezifweni zefungal ezihlaselayo.

Isetshenziswa kanjani iVoriconazole Tablets

• Amaphilisi e-Voriconazole avame ukuthathwa njalo emahoreni ayi-12 esiswini esingenalutho, okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okungaguquki, thatha i-voriconazole ngezikhathi ezifanayo usuku ngalunye.
• Umthamo uncike esimweni sakho sesistimu, isisindo, kanye nokusabela ekwelashweni.
• Kubalulekile ukulandela izikhombisi-ndlela ezikulebula yakho kadokotela ngokucophelela. Ungashintshi umthamo womuthi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
• Gcina umuthi endaweni lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona futhi uwugcine esitsheni esivalekile esivalekile ekamelweni lokushisa.
• Qhubeka uthatha i-voriconazole sonke isikhathi esinqunyiwe, noma ngabe izimpawu ziba ngcono. Ukumisa imithi kusenesikhathi kungase kubangele ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye.
• Uma usebenzisa ukumiswa ngomlomo, nyakazisa ibhodlela ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye futhi usebenzise idivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe ukuze uthole umthamo onembile. Ungahlanganisi ukumiswa namanzi, uketshezi, noma omunye umuthi.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Voriconazole

I-Voriconazole, ngenkathi isebenza ngokumelene nezifo zokukhunta, ingase ibangele imiphumela engadingeki. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Umbono uyashintsha, njengokungaboni kahle noma ukwanda kokuzwela ekukhanyeni
• Ukusabela kwesikhumba njengokuqubuka, ukulunywa, noma ukuxebuka
• Izinkinga zamathumbu ezinjengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, nesifo sohudo
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• isiyezi

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu, nakuba ingajwayelekile, ihlanganisa:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu
• Ukulimala noma ukopha okungajwayelekile
• Isifiso esibi
• Umkhuhlane namakhaza
• Izinkinga zesibindi, njengokuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba, umchamo omnyama, noma ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukungezwani komzimba, nakuba kungavamile, kungase kubonakale njengokuvuvukala, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba
• Isigqi senhliziyo siyashintsha
• Izinkinga zezinso

Ukuqapha

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Yazisa udokotela wakho uma uguliswa yi-voriconazole, eminye imithi ye-antifungal, noma ezinye izithako kumaphilisi e-voriconazole nokumiswa. Nikeza udokotela wakho ulwazi mayelana nayo yonke imithi eqhubekayo (okungeyona incwadi kanye nencwadi kadokotela), amavithamini, amaminerali, noma izithasiselo zemithi, njengoba zingase zihlanganyele ne-voriconazole.
• Ukukhulelwa: Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlela ukukhulelwa kufanele bagweme i-voriconazole ngoba ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi ilimaze ingane engakazalwa.
• Ukuqaphela umbono: I-Voriconazole ingase ibangele izinkinga zokubona, ngakho gwema ukushayela imoto noma ukusebenzisa imishini.
• Ukuvezwa kwelanga: Qaphela ukuchayeka elangeni, njengoba umuthi ungandisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba.
• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo noma umlando womndeni wezinkinga zenhliziyo, isibindi noma izinkinga zezinso ngaphambi kokuthatha ithebhulethi ye-voriconazole.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeVoriconazole

I-Voriconazole inethonya ekuthelelekeni kwefungal ngokuvimbela i-ergosterol biosynthesis. Le nqubo ibalulekile ekwakhekeni kodonga lwamaseli we-fungal. Umuthi uqondise kuma-enzyme e-cytochrome P450, adlala indima ku-14-alpha-lanosterol demethylation. Ngokuphazamisa le nqubo, i-voriconazole ibangela ukwehla kwe-ergosterol, okuholela ekuziphatheni okungavamile kodonga lweseli kusikhunta. Lo mshini uvumela i-voriconazole ukuthi isebenze ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zesikhunta, kuhlanganise ne-Aspergillus ne-Candida.

Ithebhulethi ye-voriconazole engu-200 mg inomphumela we-fungicidal ohlotsheni lwe-Aspergillus, ibulala isikhunta. Kodwa-ke, isebenza njenge-fungistatic ejenti ngokumelene nezinhlobo ze-Candida, ivimbela ukukhula kwazo ngaphandle kokuzibulala. Lo msebenzi we-spectrum obanzi wenza i-voriconazole ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelapheni izifo zokukhunta ezisongela ukuphila.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Voriconazole Neminye Imithi?

I-Voriconazole ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingi, okwenza kube semqoka ukubonana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyiphuza nezinye izidakamizwa. I-Voriconazole ithinta ama-enzyme agaya ezinye izidakamizwa, okungenzeka anyuse noma anciphise ukugxila kwawo emzimbeni. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Alprazolam
• Ama-antibiotics afana ne-rifabutin, i-rifampin
• Imithi ye-antiseizure efana ne-carbamazepine, i-phenobarbital
• Apixaban
• IBudesonide
• I-Carbamazepine
• I-Cisapride
• I-Cyclosporine
• Efavirenz
• Ama-alkaloid e-ergot afana ne-dihydroergotamine, i-ergonovine, i-ergotamine, i-methylergonovine
• I-Finerenone
• Isavuconazonium
• I-Ivabradine
• I-Lovastatin
• I-Lurasidone
• I-Naloxegol
• Pimozide
• Ibuprofen
• I-Simvastatin
• I-Sirolimus
• I-St. John's Wort
• Thioridazine
• I-Triazolam
• I-Ubrogepant
• I-Voclosporin

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo we-voriconazole uyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yesiguli, isisindo, nesimo.

Kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezu kuka-12 ezinesisindo esingu-50 kg noma ngaphezulu, odokotela ngokuvamile banikeza umthamo wokulayisha womjovo we-voriconazole emahoreni angu-24 okuqala, okulandelwa umthamo wokunakekelwa ngomlomo wama-200 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12.

Abantu abadala abanesisindo esingaphansi kwama-40 kg bathola umthamo ophansi wesondlo ongu-100 noma 150 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12.

Ukubalwa komthamo kusekelwe esisindweni somzimba wezingane ezineminyaka engu-2 kuya ku-11 nalezo ezineminyaka engu-12 kuya ku-14 ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-50 kg. Umthamo wesondlo somlomo ngokuvamile u-9 mg/kg wesisindo somzimba njalo emahoreni ayi-12, ungadluli ku-350 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12. Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa i-voriconazole ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Odokotela bangase balungise le mithamo njengoba kudingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.

Isiphetho

I-Voriconazole iyasiza ekwelapheni izifo ezinzima zesikhunta, enikeza ithemba ezigulini ezibhekene nezimo zempilo eziyinselele. Lo muthi onamandla we-antifungal usebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhula kwefungal, okwenza ukuthi usebenze ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane. Ukusuka ekwelapheni i-aspergillosis ehlaselayo kuye ekulweni nezifo ezibangelwa yizinhlobo ze-Scedosporium ne-Fusarium, i-voriconazole ikufakazele ukubaluleka kwayo ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo emhlabeni jikelele. Itholakala kokubili amafomu omlomo kanye ne-intravenous, okunikeza ukuguquguquka ekulawuleni, ukuhlinzeka ngezidingo zesiguli ezahlukene.

Nakuba i-voriconazole iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekulweni nezifo zefungal, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa ngaphansi kokugadwa kwezokwelapha. Umuthi ungasebenzisana nemithi eminingi futhi ungabangela imiphumela engemihle kusukela ekushintsheni kombono kuya ezinkingeni zesibindi. Iziguli nodokotela bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi zokuthuthukisa imiphumela yezempilo kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ngokuqonda izinzuzo nezingozi ze-voriconazole.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe i-voriconazole iyi-steroid?

Cha, i-voriconazole ayiyona i-steroid. Umuthi we-triazole antifungal osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinzima zefungal.

2. Iyini i-voriconazole esetshenziselwa ukwelapha?

I-Voriconazole yelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene zokukhunta, okuhlanganisa i-aspergillosis ehlaselayo, i-candidemia, i-oesophagal candidiasis, kanye nezifo ezibangelwa yizinhlobo ze-Scedosporium ne-Fusarium.

3. I-voriconazole inganikezwa isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-voriconazole siyahlukahluka futhi kuncike ekuthelelekeni nasekuphenduleni kwesiguli. Kungaba kusukela emavikini ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Iziguli kufanele ziqhubeke nokuthatha i-voriconazole kuyo yonke inkambo enqunyiwe, ngisho noma izimpawu ziba ngcono.

4. Kuyini umthamo ojwayelekile we-voriconazole?

Umthamo ojwayelekile wabantu abadala wamaphilisi e-voriconazole ngu-400 mg njalo emahoreni ayi-12 ngemithamo emibili, kulandele umthamo wesondlo ongu-200 mg kabili ngosuku. Odokotela bangalungisa umthamo ngokusekelwe esisindweni sesiguli kanye nokusabela ekwelashweni.