Izinkinga zokuphefumula izingane ezibhekana nazo zingacindezela, hhayi nje enganeni kuphela kodwa nasemindenini yazo. Izimo ezifana nesifuba somoya ebuntwaneni, i-croup, i-bronchiolitis, inyumoniya, nomkhuhlane obandayo ziphakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhathazeka kwamaphaphu kwabancane.

Nakuba lezi zinkinga zingase zethuke, ukuqonda izimpawu zazo, imvelaphi, nezinhlelo zokuphatha kunikeza abanakekeli amandla okuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi nokuwusizo.

Isifuba Somoya Sezingane: Usizi Oluqhubekayo

I-asthma imelela esinye sezifo ezihlala zigcwele izingane. Ibonakala ngokucasuka nokuqiniswa kwemigudu yokuphefumula, engabangela ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukucinana kwesifuba, nokuphelelwa umoya.

Okubangela isifuba somoya kuyehluka kakhulu futhi kungase kuhlanganise izinto ezingezwani nezifo ezifana nezibungu zothuli nempova, izifo zesimiso sokuphefumula, isimo sezulu esibandayo, nokusebenza komzimba.

Amasu Okulawula

• Imithi: Ama-inhalers, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe i-corticosteroids, abalulekile ekulawuleni isifuba somoya. Izinsiza ezisheshayo ezifana nama-bronchodilator ziyasiza phakathi neziqephu ezishubile.
• Gwema Izinto Ezicasulayo: Ukuhlonza nokunciphisa ukuthintana nezinhlansi kubalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza umoya, ukuwasha izingubo zokulala njalo, kanye nokugwema intuthu kagwayi kungadambisa izimpawu.
• Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo: Amamitha okugeleza okuphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zesenzo sesifuba somoya zingasiza abazali nezingane balandelele isimo futhi baphendule ngokushesha izimpawu eziba zimbi.

I-Croup: Ukuqaphela "Ukukhwehlela Okukhonkotha"

I-Croup yisifo segciwane esithinta imigudu yomoya ephezulu, okubangela ukuvuvukala okuzungeze izintambo zezwi. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu ubudala futhi ngokuvamile sibonakala ngokukhwehlela okuphawulekayo, ukuhayiza, nokuqunjelwa—umsindo ophakeme ozwakala lapho uhogela umoya.

Amasu Okunakekela

• Amakhambi Asekhaya: Amacala athambile e-croup ngokuvamile angaphathwa ekhaya. Ukunikeza umoya onomswakama, njengosuka endlini yokugezela eshisayo noma umswakama opholile, kungenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
• Ukuhambisa amanzi: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ihlala inamanzi kusiza amafinyila amancane futhi kunciphise ukucasuka kwendlela yokuphefumula.
• Ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-corticosteroids noma i-nebulized epinephrine ingase inikezwe ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokuphefumula.

I-Bronchiolitis: Ukukhathazeka Kwezingane

I-Bronchiolitis yisifo sokuphefumula esisabalele ezinsaneni, ngokuvamile esibangelwa i-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Kuholela ekuvuvukeni kwemigudu yomoya emincane emaphashini, okubangela izimpawu ezinjengokuhefuzela, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobunzima bokudla.

Amasu Okuphatha

Izimo eziningi ze-bronchiolitis zithambile futhi zingalawulwa ngokunakekelwa okusekelayo kuphela, okuhlanganisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele kanye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane uma kudingeka.

Nokho, abazali kumelwe baqaphe ngokucophelela izimpawu zokuwohloka kokuphefumula okunjengokuphefumula ngokushesha noma okukhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okubonakala ngenxa yokuntula izinyembezi noma umlomo owomile, noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esibangelwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela kungase kubonakale kudingekile ukuze kuhanjiswe umoya-mpilo owengeziwe kusetshenziswa imaski noma ngokungenisa umoya ngemishini okubandakanya ukuthukuthela.

Inyumoniya: Isifo Esibulalayo Sokuphefumula

Inyumoniya ingaba isifo esisongela ukuphila esithinta amasaka omoya amancane emaphashini, abizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli, okuwenza avuvuke ngoketshezi noma ubomvu. Kungase kubangelwe amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta, kodwa amagciwane ayimbangela eyinhloko ezinganeni.

Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-spiking fever, ukugodola komzimba ogcwele, ukugwaza ukungakhululeki kwesifuba, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu. Ukubonakaliswa obala kuwukukhwehlela okubi kakhulu, okukhiqizayo okuxosha amafinyila angase abonakale eluhlaza noma aphuzi ngombala.

Amasu Okuphatha

Uma kusolakala ukuthi inyumoniya, ukuxilonga kusenesikhathi nge-X-ray yesifuba nomsebenzi welebhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni nasekululameni. Ukubambezeleka ekuxilongweni nasekuphathweni ngendlela efanele kungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yengane.

• Ama-antimicrobial kanye nemithi ebalulekile: Izinhlobo zamagciwane zidinga ama-antibiotic anconywe udokotela wezingane. Ezinye izinhlobo zegciwane zingasabela emithini elwa namagciwane, njengalezo ezibangelwa umkhuhlane. Uhlelo lokwelapha olunqunyiwe kufanele lulandelwe eduze ukuze kuliwe nokutheleleka ngempumelelo.
• Ukuphumula kuyabuyisela: Ukuvumela ukuphumula okwanele kanye ne-hydration isekela izindlela zokuphulukisa zemvelo zomzimba. Nakuba isifiso sokudlala singase sibe namandla, ukunamathela ezikhathini zokuphumula kusiza ukululama.
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela Kwamacala Ayinkimbinkimbi: Izimo ezibucayi ezinezinkinga ezifana nokuntuleka komoyampilo zidinga ukunakwa kwesiguli esinomoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Ukuqapha ubusuku nemini kanye nokungenelela kochwepheshe bezokwelapha kunikeza iziguli ithuba elingcono kakhulu lokuthola kabusha impilo.

Imfiva Nokubandayo Igunyaza Ukunakwa

Ezinganeni, inhlanganisela yomkhuhlane kanye nokuqhaqhazela komzimba wonke kuvame ukukhombisa ukugula okukhona, okuhlanganisa izifo zokuphefumula. Uma kungenakunakekelwa, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kungaguqukela ezimeni ezinzima njenge-sepsis.

Amasu Okunakekela

• Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa: Landela iseluleko sikadokotela wezingane ngokusebenzisa ama-antipyretic afana ne-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen ukuze wehlise umkhuhlane.
• Gada ukugeleza kwamanzi: Qinisekisa ukuthi izingane ezithile ziphuza uketshezi olwanele ukugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
• Funa Usizo Ngezimpawu Ezingapheli: Ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunomkhuhlane noma ukugodola kungase kubonise izifo ezidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kanye nezinhlelo zokwelapha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezakhiwe udokotela.

Amathiphu Avamile Emindeni

1. Hlala unolwazi ngokufunda kudokotela wakho wezingane mayelana nezimpawu, izici ezingase zibe zimbi, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha eziqondene nesimo sokuphefumula esithinta ingane yakho.
2. Ukugoma nakho kuhlala kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kumkhuhlane, njengoba izifo ezengeziwe zisengozini ehlanganisa izinkinga zokuphefumula.
3. Khuthaza impilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo, umsebenzi, nokuphumula ukuze uvikele izivikeli mzimba zemvelo.
4. Yazi Isikhathi Sokufuna Usizo: Izimpawu ezithile ezishaqisayo zidinga isinyathelo esisheshayo—ukuphefumula kanzima, umkhuhlane ongapheli, ukukhathala, noma izindebe eziluhlaza nesikhumba.

Iqhaza Lokubambisana Kwezokunakekelwa Kwezingane phakathi kwemindeni nabahlinzeki bezempilo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokukhuluma ngokukhululekile nangokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngokulandela isiqondiso sezokwelapha, abanakekeli bangasungula ukuzinza ekhaya.

Ukunakekela kwabo okunakekile kanye nokungenelela okufika ngesikhathi lapho kudingeka njalo kuguqula izinkinga zibe yizimo ezilawulekayo. Khumbula, kunoma yisiphi isimo esithinta impilo yokuphefumula kwengane, ukuqapha kwabazali okuhambisana nokwengamela emtholampilo kunamandla okushintsha okubi kakhulu kuye komnene.

Isixhumanisi Esiyisethenjwa

https://health.medicaldialogues.in/health-topics/children-health/common-childhood-breathing-disorders-and-how-caregivers-can-cope-dr-vittal-kumar-kesireddy-140674