Amabala amnyama emilenzeni

Amachashaza amnyama emilenzeni noma emlenzeni we-hyperpigmentation yizimo ezijwayelekile ezingelapheka kalula. Umbala wesikhumba sakho unqunywa i-melanin, futhi uma une-melanin eyengeziwe, isikhumba sakho sizoba mnyama. Lesi simo senzeka lapho isiqeshana sesikhumba sinemelanin eningi kunesikhumba esizungezile. I-hyperpigmentation isho amachashaza noma izindawo ezibonakala zimnyama kunesikhumba esizungezile. Ubuso, izingalo, izandla, nemilenze yizindawo ezivame ukuthinteka, kodwa zingenzeka noma yikuphi emzimbeni. Kunemithi eminingi etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta (OTC) kanye nemithi yokwelapha etholakalayo ukuze kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukubukeka amabala amnyama emilenzeni. Kwezinye izimo, amakhambi emvelo angase futhi anikeze izinzuzo ezithile.

Yini ebangela amabala amnyama emilenzeni?

Izizathu zamabala amnyama emilenzeni yizici ezihlukahlukene. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi mancane, ama-patches athile amnyama angabonisa inkinga enkulu kakhulu. Amabala ahlukene amnyama emilenzeni abangela lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukulimala Kwelanga: Kungenzeka ukuthi ukulimala kwelanga kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamabala amnyama emilenzeni. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin kuyenyuka ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga esikhumbeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi izindawo ezithile zesikhumba zikhiqiza i-melanin eningi kuyilapho isikhumba esizungezile sikhiqiza kancane, okuholela ekubeni namabala amnyama ngenxa yokuchayeka kakhulu elangeni.
• I-Hyperpigmentation ngemuva kokuvuvukala: Izimo ezifana ne-eczema, induna, i-psoriasis, noma ukulimala kwesikhumba kungaholela ekuvuvukeni kanye nokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-melanin ezindaweni ezithintekile, okuholela emazingeni amnyama.
• Diabetes: Abanye abanesifo sikashukela bangase babe nokungazweli kwe-insulin, okuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa kahle komzimba kwe-insulin ekhiqizwa amanyikwe. Ngenxa yalokho, i-insulin eyengeziwe ingase inqwabelane egazini, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwebhande elimnyama lesikhumba entanyeni, elaziwa ngokuthi ama-acanthosis nigricans, elivame ukuba nomthelela emilenzeni.
• I-melanoma: I-melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba ovame ukuvela ebusweni noma esiqwini emadodeni, kuyilapho abesifazane besengozini yokuba nawo emilenzeni. I-melanoma ingavela kumvukuzane ekhona noma ibonakale njengesilonda esisha.
• Isifo i-Addison: Lesi simo esingajwayelekile singabangela i-hyperpigmentation evamile, ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni esichayeke elangeni nasezindaweni zokucindezela, okuholela esikhumbeni esimnyama emadolweni.
• Izindawo Zobudala: Njengoba isikhumba siguga, singase sibe namabala amnyama aziwa ngokuthi amachashaza eminyaka. Lawa mabala angadalwa yizinto ezifana nokuchayeka elangeni, ukushintshashintsha kwamahomoni, ukukhulelwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile.

Izinhlobo Zamabala

Amabala esikhumbeni angahluka kakhulu ngokubukeka kanye nembangela. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile:

• Amachashaza Amnyama Emilenzeni: Amachashaza amnyama emilenzeni amabala amnyama agqama ngokumelene nesikhumba sakho semvelo. Zingahluka ngosayizi nangokuma futhi zingabangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, noma izimo zesikhumba. Ukuchayeka elangeni kukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, okuholela kulawa mabala. Ukulunywa yizinambuzane, ikakhulukazi uma kuklwejwa noma kuthelelekile, nakho kungashiya amabala amnyama. Izimo ezifana ne-eczema ne-psoriasis zingaba nomthelela kulawa mabala. Ukwazi imbangela kusiza ekwelapheni ngempumelelo nokufeza ithoni yesikhumba esilinganayo.
• Amachashaza Amnyama Emilenzeni: Amabala amnyama emilenzeni ansundu noma amabala amnyama angaba isicaba noma aphakame kancane. Kungase kubangele ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin ngokweqile, ukuphulukiswa ngemva kokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, noma amabala ahlobene nobudala. I-melanin eyengeziwe idala amabala amnyama, kuyilapho amabala avela ekuvuvukeni noma ekulimaleni avela ngemva kokuphola. Amachashaza eminyaka yobudala, noma amabala esibindi, ngokuvamile avela ngokuchayeka elangeni nobudala. Ukuhlonza imbangela kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, okungase kuhlanganise amakhilimu, izinqubo zobuchwepheshe, nezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
• Amabala Amnyama Emilenzeni: Amabala amnyama emilenzeni yizindawo ezinkulu ezimnyama zesikhumba. Zingavela ekukhanyeni kwelanga isikhathi eside, izimo zesikhumba eziqhubekayo, noma izici zofuzo. Ukuchayeka elangeni kubangela ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe kwe-melanin, okuholela ekubeni namabala amnyama. Izimo ezifana ne-eczema noma psoriasis kungabangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli kanye namabala amnyama. Kwesinye isikhathi, izakhi zofuzo zingakwenza ube maningi amathuba okuthi uthuthukise lezi ziqephu. Ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise isikrini selanga, izinto ezikhanyisayo, nezinqubo zobuchwepheshe ezinjengamapeel noma ukwelapha nge-laser. 

Izindawo Ezithize Ezithintwa Amabala Amnyama

• Amachashaza Amnyama Ezinyaweni: Amachashaza amnyama ezinyaweni angabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene njengokungqubuzana kwezicathulo ezingafaneleki kahle, izifo zokukhunta, noma ukulimala. Izicathulo ezingalingani kahle zingabangela amabhamuza nama-calluses, angaphola namabala amnyama. Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta njengonyawo lomsubathi nakho kungaholela emazingeni amnyama uma kungelashwanga ngokushesha. Ukulimala, njengokusikeka noma imihuzuko, kungabangela amabala amnyama ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Ukugcina izinyawo ziphilile futhi zicacile, kubalulekile ukubhekana nalezi zimbangela ngokuzijwayeza ukunakekelwa kahle kwezinyawo, ukugcina inhlanzeko efanele, nokugqoka izicathulo ezilingana kahle.
• I-Black Spot on Foot: Indawo eyodwa emnyama onyaweni ingase ibonise inkinga ethile, njengemvukuzane, insumpa, noma ezimeni ezingavamile, i-melanoma, okuwuhlobo olubi lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ama-moles nama-warts ngokuvamile awanangozi kodwa kufanele aqashelwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ngosayizi, ukuma, noma umbala. Uma ibala elimnyama livela ngokuzumayo, lishintsha ngokushesha, noma lihambisana nezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu noma ukulunywa, kufanele lihlolwe udokotela wesikhumba. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwe-melanoma kubalulekile ekwelapheni okusebenzayo.
• Amachashaza Amnyama Emathangeni: Amachashaza amnyama emathangeni avame ukubangelwa ukuklwebhana, ikakhulukazi kusukela ezimpahleni ezimpintshayo noma imisebenzi ebangela ukuhuquza. Lokhu kungqubuzana kungaholela emacashaza amnyama aziwa ngokuthi ama-chafing marks. Izinguquko zamahomoni, njengalezo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuya esikhathini, nazo zingabangela amabala amnyama. Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema noma i-psoriasis zingase zibangele amabala amnyama ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Ukuze uvimbele futhi ulawule lawa mabala, gqoka izingubo ezixegayo, eziphefumulayo, ugcine inhlanzeko, futhi usebenzise imikhiqizo evimbela ukuhushulwa. Ukuze uthole amabala ahlobene noshintsho lwamahomoni noma izimo zesikhumba, thintana no-a dermatologist Kunconywa.
• Amachashaza Amnyama Emilenzeni Engezansi: Amachashaza amnyama emilenzeni engezansi angabangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni, ukungahambi kahle kwegazi, noma izimo zesikhumba. Imisebe ye-UV evela elangeni ingakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, okuholela ekwandeni kwamachashaza amnyama. Lawa machashaza angase adinge kokubili ukwelashwa kwezihloko kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuze zifiphale. Ukungahambi kahle kwegazi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous, kungabangela amachashazi amnyama avela emithanjeni yegazi. Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema noma i-lichen planus nazo zingaholela ezindaweni ezimnyama ezivela ekuvuvukeni okungapheli. Ukuze ulawule lezi zindawo, sebenzisa izinto ezikhanyisayo ezifana ne-hydroquinone noma i-glycolic acid, gcoba isikrini selanga, futhi ugqoke izingubo ezivikelayo. Ngezinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi, ukuphatha izimo ezikhona kanye nokusebenzisa amasokisi okucindezela kungathuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kunciphise umbala.

Izici zengozi

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungakhuphula amathuba okuba mnyama kwesikhumba sangaphakathi sethanga ngenxa yokungqubuzana. Ukwengeza, ingozi eyengeziwe ihlotshaniswa nokungalingani kwama-hormone, isifo sikashukela, noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile.

Indlela Yokwelapha I-Black Spot Emilenzeni

Kunezinketho eziningana zamabala amnyama ekwelapheni imilenze.

Ukwelashwa Komtholampilo

• I-Cryotherapy: I-Cryotherapy ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana ombala wesikhumba. Njengoba isikhumba siphola, amabala amnyama ayanyamalala. Ukwelashwa kuyashesha, ngokuvamile kuthatha ngaphansi komzuzu endaweni emnyama.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Laser: Ukwelashwa nge-laser kudinga izinqubo eziningana. Enye indlela isebenzisa umsebe wokukhanya ogxilile ukuze isuse isikhumba esithintekile, kuyilapho enye ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen futhi iqinise isikhumba ku-dermis.
• Amakhasi Amakhemikhali: Amakhemikhali amakhemikhali susa izingqimba zangaphandle zesikhumba, uvumele izingqimba ezintsha nezinempilo ukuthi zivuseleleke nge-pigmentation eyengeziwe.
• I-RF Microneedling: Lokhu kwelashwa kwamabala amnyama emilenzeni, eminweni nakwezinye izindawo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwama-microneedles ukungena esikhunjeni. Ngokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwesikhumba, le nqubo ingasiza ekuhlakazweni kwamaqoqo e-melanin, okuholela ekukhanyeni kwamabala.

Ikhambi elingelona kadokotela lamabala amnyama emilenzeni

• Ukuvikela ilanga kungasiza ukuvikela emonakalweni we-UV futhi, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kusebenza njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela amabala amnyama. 
• Ngaphandle kwe-sunscreen, imithi eminingana etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter, efana ne-vitamin C, i-vitamin E, i-AHA, ne-BHA, ingasiza futhi ekwelapheni amabala amnyama.

Amakhambi asekhaya

Amakhambi asekhaya ayatholakala, ahlanganisa:

• I-Aloe vera - Ingxenye esebenzayo ku-aloe vera inamandla okwenza isikhumba sibe lula futhi sisuse amabala amnyama emilenzeni. Amajeli e-aloe vera kanye nokhilimu kungasiza ekudambiseni isikhumba esomile nesishile. I-Aloe ingatholakala ngendlela yama-lotions nama-gel noma ngokuqondile eqabungeni le-aloe.
• Ukuvikela ilanga - I-sunscreen ngeke ikhanyise amabala amnyama emilenzeni, kodwa izosiza ekuvikeleni ukuba mnyama. Kungasiza futhi ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamachashazi amasha amnyama ngemuva kwemilenze. Sebenzisa isikrini selanga esibanzi esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu uma imilenze yakho izovezwa. I-sunscreen ingasiza futhi ekwandiseni ukusebenza kahle kwanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo esetshenziswayo yokwenza mhlophe isikhumba.
• Ukukhuhla ushukela - Ushukela ungasebenza njenge-exfoliant ephumelelayo esikhumbeni, okungase kube nenzuzo lapho usebenza nesikhumba esimnyama esibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamaseli esikhumba afile.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya zamachashazi amnyama emilenzeni, amachashaza emilenzeni angalawulwa ngokuphuma njalo, ukuswamisa njalo, nokusebenzisa amakhemikhali asebenzayo njengama-AHA.

I-Over-the-counter (OTC) 

Ngokwelashwa kwe-over-the-counter (OTC) kwamabala amnyama emilenzeni, ungacabangela izinketho ezilandelayo:

• I-Hydroquinone Cream: I-agent ekhanyisa isikhumba esiza ekwehliseni amabala amnyama kanye ne-hyperpigmentation.
• Ama-Retinoids (Retinol): Thuthukisa ukushintshwa kwamaseli futhi usize ukufiphala amabala amnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• I-Vitamin C Serum: Iyaziwa ngezici zayo ezikhanyayo, i-vitamin C ingasiza ekukhanyiseni amabala amnyama ngisho nokukhipha ithoni yesikhumba.
• I-Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs): Ama-AHA afana ne-glycolic acid angakhipha isikhumba, asize ukufiphaza amabala amnyama futhi athuthukise ukuthungwa.
• I-Salicylic Acid: Isiza ukukhipha isikhumba, iqondise izindawo ezimnyama ezibangelwa izinduna noma ezinye izibazi.
• I-Niacinamide: Uhlobo lwe-Vitamin B3 olunganciphisa umbala futhi luthuthukise umgoqo wesikhumba.
• Ngaso sonke isikhathi khumbula ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ngenkathi welapha amabala amnyama ukuze uwavimbele ukuthi angabi mnyama. 

Prevention

Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba mnyama kwesikhumba sangaphakathi sethanga, kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuvimbela ongazithatha:

• Gqoka Izikhindi Zebhayisikili noma Izitokisi Zenayiloni: Ukuze uvimbele ukuchafa, ikakhulukazi uma ugqoke iziketi noma izingubo, kuyasiza ukugqoka izikhindi zebhayisikili noma amasokisi enayiloni ngaphansi. Izikhindi zebhayisikili zenzelwe ukuthi zilingane kahle futhi zinikeze ungqimba olubushelelezi phakathi kwesikhumba sakho nezingubo zakho. Lesi singqimba sinciphisa ukungqubuzana futhi sisiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlikihla okungakhululeki okungaholela ekuhheni. Amasokisi enayiloni anikeza inketho elula, ephefumula kakhulu esiza futhi ukugcina isikhumba sakho singathintani ngqo nezindwangu ezimahhadlahhadla noma ezicasulayo.
• Gcina Ukuhlanzeka kanye Nokuzikhipha Okuvamile: Ukugcina indawo yangaphakathi yethanga ihlanzekile futhi ikhishiwe kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuchachamba. Amangqamuzana esikhumba afile kanye nomjuluko kunganqwabelana futhi kubangele ukucasuka, ngakho ukucwecwa kwesikhumba okuvamile kusiza ukunciphisa la mangqamuzana afile futhi kugcine isikhumba sibushelelezi. Sebenzisa i-exfoliating scrub emnene noma i-chemical exfoliant, njenge-alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), ukuze ugcine umuzwa ohlanzekile futhi omusha. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana futhi kugcina isikhumba sisesimweni esihle.
• Khetha Izingubo Ezixegayo Neziphefumulayo: Ukukhetha izingubo ezixegayo, eziphefumulayo kungenye indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukuchacha. Izingubo eziqinile zingabamba umjuluko futhi zenze indawo efudumele, enomswakama eyandisa amathuba okungqubuzana. Khetha izingubo ezenziwe ngezindwangu ezisulwa umswakama noma eziphefumulayo, ezifana nekotini noma okokugqokwa kwezokusubatha. Lezi zinto zisiza ukugcina isikhumba sakho somile ngokukhipha umswakama futhi zivumele umoya ukuba ujikeleze, okunciphisa ingozi yokugwaza.
• Gwema Ukushefa Kaningi Noma Ukucwilisa: Ukushefa njalo noma ukucwiliswa nge-wax endaweni engaphakathi yethanga kungacunula isikhumba, kusenze kube lula ukuhushulwa. Lezi zindlela zokususa izinwele zingabangela imihuzuko emincane noma ukuvuvukala okungaholela ekwandeni kokungqubuzana nokungakhululeki. Ukuze unciphise ukucasuka, cabanga ukuhlukanisa izindlela zokwelapha zokususa izinwele nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ethambile, epholile esikhumbeni ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kuvumela isikhathi sesikhumba ukuphulukisa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa.
• Sebenzisa Isikrini Selanga futhi Unciphise Ukuchayeka Elangeni: Uma ungaphandle elangeni, ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu ezindaweni ezisobala, okuhlanganisa namathanga angaphakathi, kubalulekile. Ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela noma ukufuna umthunzi futhi, ukuzama ukunciphisa isikhathi sakho elangeni eliqondile, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora aphakeme lapho ilanga liqine kakhulu kubalulekile. 

Ubona nini udokotela?

Amabala amnyama emilenzeni engezansi ngokuvamile awasona isizathu sokukhathazeka, kodwa kubalulekile ukuwasho kudokotela uma uvakashela noma yikuphi okunye ukukhathazeka. Uma othile ekhathazekile ngokuvela kwamachashaza amnyama esikhumbeni sakhe noma amachashaza amnyama emathangeni, kufanele abonane nodokotela noma udokotela wesikhumba ukuze uthole izinketho zokwelashwa eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhulu zamabala amnyama emilenzeni.

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zamachashazi amnyama emilenzeni zibonisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele abonane nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Amabala aphakeme futhi angasheleli.
• Izimvukuzane ezishintshayo ngokubukeka.
• Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilonda ezingavamile emzimbeni.
• Amabala amnyama ezandleni, eminweni, ezinyaweni, emlonyeni, ezinzwaneni, ekhaleni, emomozini, noma endunu.

Isiphetho

Amabala amnyama emilenzeni angaba yingozi noma angabi yingozi. Ngokuvamile ziyingozi encane futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuze uvimbele ukuguquguquka okuqhubekayo kanye namamaki amnyama engeziwe, kuyalulekwa ukuthi usebenzise i-sunscreen unyaka wonke. Uma ufisa ukuqeda amabala amnyama esikhumbeni, ungavakashela udokotela noma dermatologist. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha umuntu angazizama, okuhlanganisa ukusebenzisana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze enze izinqubo zezimonyo noma ukusebenzisa amakhambi atholakala ezitolo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela amabala amnyama emilenzeni? 

Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin futhi ekhiqiza i-insulin ephansi, lokho kuphakamisa ukuthi umzimba awusebenzisi i-insulin ngendlela efanele. I-insulin inganqwabelana egazini, okuholela ekubeni kube namachashaza amnyama esikhumbeni namabala amnyama emilenzeni nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

2. Ingabe i-turmeric ingakwazi ukususa amabala amnyama emilenzeni? 

I-Turmeric ingakhanyisa isikhumba. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-curcumin kunciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-melanin ngokweqile futhi kukhanyisa ithoni yesikhumba, kuhlanganise namabala amnyama emilenzeni engezansi.

3: Ingabe amabala amnyama emilenzeni ahamba ngokwemvelo?

Yebo, amabala amnyama emilenzeni angashabalala ngokwawo, kodwa kungase kuthathe isikhashana. Kwezinye izimo, zingase zinganyamalali ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

4: Iyiphi i-vitamin elungele amabala amnyama emilenzeni?

I-Vitamin C ilungele ukufiphala kwamabala amnyama. Kuyasiza ukukhanyisa isikhumba futhi kunciphise umbala. I-Vitamin E nayo iyasiza ngoba ilungisa isikhumba futhi ingakhanyisa amabala amnyama.

5: Yikuphi ukudla okudala amabala amnyama emilenzeni?

Amabala amnyama emilenzeni ngokuvamile awabangelwa ukudla okuthile. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zibangelwe yizinto ezifana nokuchayeka elangeni, ukulimala, noma izimo zesikhumba.

6: Isiphi isifo esidala amabala emilenzeni?

Izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela zingabangela amabala emilenzeni, njenge-diabetesic dermopathy. Ezinye izimo, njengezifo zesikhumba noma izinkinga zemithambo yegazi, nazo zingadala amabala.

7: Ingabe amabala amnyama emilenzeni angavinjelwa?

Yebo, ungasiza ekuvimbeleni amabala amnyama ngokuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni, ngokugwema ukulimala, nokunakekela isikhumba sakho.

8: Ingabe inhlaba ingakwazi ukususa amabala amnyama?

I-Aloe vera ingasiza ekukhanyiseni amabala amnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Inezithako zemvelo ezinganciphisa umbala futhi zidambise isikhumba.

CARE Medical Team

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