Ukopha Izinsini

Ukopha ezinsinini, ngokwezokwelapha okwaziwa ngokuthi ukopha kwe-gingival, kungaba uphawu olushaqisayo. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono oningiliziwe wezinsini ezophayo - izimbangela zazo, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa, izinketho zokwelapha, amakhambi asekhaya, nokuthi kufanele uthintane nini nodokotela. 

Ziyini Izinsini Zokopha?

Izinsini ezophayo zibhekisela ekuphumeni kwegazi ezinsinini, ngokuvamile lapho uxubha amazinyo, ucwenga, noma udla ukudla okunamafutha. Iwuphawu oluyinhloko lwezifo ezinsini ezifana ne-gingivitis (ukuvuvukala kwezinsini okuncane) kanye ne-periodontitis (ukutheleleka kwezinsini okuthuthukisiwe). Ukopha kungase futhi kubangele ukuxubha okunamandla, amazinyo okufakelwa angangeni kahle, izinguquko zamahomoni, sikashukela, i-leukemia, okokunciphisa igazi, nokuntuleka kwamavithamini.

Ukopha kwezinsini okuncane nokungavamile ngokuvamile akuyona into ekhathaza kakhulu. Kodwa izinsini ukopha njalo nezinsini ukopha ngaphandle kwesizathu kubonisa inkinga yamazinyo/yezempilo edinga ukwelashwa.

Izimpawu Zokopha Izinsini

Ezinye izimpawu zokopha kwezinsini yilezi: 

• Izinsini zopha lapho uxubha noma uxukuza amazinyo akho. Lesi esinye sezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zezinkinga zezinsini.
• Izinsini zibonakala zibomvu, zivuvukele, futhi zithambile uma uzithinta. 
• Izinsini ezihlehlayo kuwuphawu lapho izinsini zihlehla emazinyweni, ziveze ngaphezulu kwezinyo. Lokhu kungandisa ukuzwela.
• Advanced isifo sezinsini kungase kubangele amazinyo ukuba axege noma angazinzi ezisekelweni zawo. Lokhu kwenzeka njengoba lesi sifo silimaza izicubu ezisekela amazinyo.
• Ungase uzwe ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni wakho, okuwuphawu olungemnandi.
• Izinsini ezivuvukele ezopha ngokuvamile zibukeka zicwebezela, zibushelelezi, futhi zibomvu ngokugqamile ngenxa yokwanda kokugeleza kwegazi endaweni.
• Izinsini ezihlaselwe isifo zingase zizizwe zithambekile, zivuvukele, futhi zinezipontshi. 
• Ukwehla kwezinsini phakathi kwamazinyo, okwaziwa ngokuthi isifo sikanxantathu omnyama, kungabonisa ukulahlekelwa kwezinsini.
• Ukuphuma kobovu kuwuphawu lokutheleleka okuthuthukile okubangela ithumba ezinsinini.
• Ukuqondana kwamazinyo kungase kushintshe njengoba isifo siqhubeka, kubangele amazinyo aphume endaweni yawo.
• Ukuzwela kwamazinyo kungase kukhule njengoba izinsini zincipha, okuveza izimpande zamazinyo ezibucayi.

Izimbangela Zokopha Izinsini

Ukopha kwezinsini kungabangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene zezinsini, izinkinga zempilo yomlomo, kanye nezimo zezempilo ezingaphansi. Ake sibheke izimbangela ezingaba khona ngokuningiliziwe: 

• Ukwakhiwa kwe-Plaque: I-Plaque iyifilimu enamathelayo yamagciwane, imfucumfucu yokudla, namathe emazinyweni. Uma ingasuswa ngokuxubha/ngokuhluza, i-plaque iyaqina ibe yi-tartar, ecasula izinsini futhi izenze zijwayele ukopha.
• I-Gingivitis: Isifo sezinsini esibuyiseleka kalula esibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwama-plaque. Idala izinsini ezibomvu, ezivuvukele, nezithambile ezopha kalula, ngisho nokuxubha kancane.
• I-Periodontitis: Ukutheleleka kwezinsini okuthuthukile okungalungiseki okulimaza izinsini nomhlathi, okuholela emazinyweni axegayo angase aphume. Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yokopha kwezinsini.
• Ukuxubha okunolaka: Ukuxubha ngamandla ngesixubho esiqinile kungabangela imihuzuko yezinsini nokopha.
• Amazinyo okufakelwa angalingani kahle: Amazinyo okufakelwa angafakwanga ngendlela efanele angase ahlikihle ezinsinini, abangele ukucasuka nokopha.
• Ukuhlinzwa ngomlomo: Izinqubo ezifana nokukhipha izinyo zingabangela ukopha okwesikhashana izinsini.
• Izinguquko zeHormonal: Ukuthomba, ukukhulelwa, kanye menopause kungabangela ukuthi izinsini zizwele futhi ngokunokwenzeka zophe ngenxa yokwanda kokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Diabetes: Izinga eliphakeme likashukela egazini lingenza izinsini nama-capillary zibe buthaka, okubangele ukuba ophe kalula.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi: I-leukemia, i-hemophilia, nokuphazamiseka kweplatelet kungase kuholele ekopheni ngokweqile ezinsinini.
• Imithi: Izinto ezinciphisa igazi njenge-warfarin, i-aspirin, ne-heparin zingandisa izingozi zokopha.
• Ukushoda kwamavithamini: Ukushoda kukavithamini C no-K kungabangela izinsini ezibuthakathaka ezithambekele ekubeni nokopha.
• I-HIV/AIDS: Ukutheleleka kungase kubangele ukuvuvukala kanye nezilonda ezinsinini, okuholela ekopheni.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali futhi imisebe ingabangela ukungatheleleki kahle kanye nezinkinga zezinsini.
• Izinkinga zokudla: I-Anorexia ne-Bulimia ingaholela ekushiyekeni okungenza izinsini zophe.

Izifo eziningi zamazinyo, izici zempilo yomlomo, nezimo zezokwelapha zingaholela ekopheni kwezinsini. Ukubona a udokotela wamazinyo ingasiza ekunqumeni imbangela yangempela futhi ihlele ukwelashwa okufanele.

Yiziphi izimo zezempilo ezingase zibangele ukopha izinsini?

Ukuqaphela imbangela eqondile yokopha kwezinsini kungaba inselele, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhipha izimo zezokwelapha ezicashile. Nazi ezinye iziyaluyalu ezingase zidinge usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha futhi ezingaholela ekopheni kwezinsini:

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza: I-HIV yenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka, okwenza abantu bangenwe kalula izifo, okuhlanganisa nezindaba zamazinyo ezifana nezinsini ukopha. Lesi simo siqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• I-anemia: Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. I-anemia eyingozi, ehlotshaniswa nezinkinga zokumuncwa kwe-Vitamin B12, nayo ingabangela ukopha kwezinsini.
• I-Herpes Infection: Igciwane le-herpes simplex lingaholela ebuhlungu nobuhlungu emlonyeni, okungase kuhlanganise nezinsini zokopha.
• Ukucindezeleka: Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka angabangela ukuvuvukala kwezinsini, kubenze bathambekele kakhulu ekuphumeni kwegazi. Ukucindezeleka kungase futhi kwenze amasosha omzimba abe buthaka futhi kuthinte ukujiya kwegazi.
• I-Leukemia Nomdlavuza Womlomo: Umdlavuza womlomo ungase ubonakale njengezilonda ezingenabuhlungu ezinsinini, ezihlathini, noma olimini futhi ungahambisana nokopha kwezinsini.
• Ukushoda kwe-Factor V: Lokhu kuphazamiseka kokopha kuholela ezimpawini ezifana nokopha kwezinsini, imihuzuko, nokopha njalo ngamakhala.
• Ukushoda kwamavithamini: Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin C kanye no-K kungabangela izinsini ezibuthakathaka ezijwayele ukopha.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla: I-Anorexia ne-Bulimia ingaholela ekusweleni okungenza izinsini zophe.

Yiziphi izifo zamazinyo ezingabangela ukopha izinsini?

• I-Gingivitis: I-gingivitis ukuvuvukala kwezinsini okuvame ukubangela ukopha kwezinsini. Iyelapheka uma ibanjwe kusenesikhathi futhi ingavinjelwa ngokuhlanzeka komlomo. Izici eziyingozi zihlanganisa ukubhema, isifo sikashukela, izinguquko zamahomoni (ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane), nomlomo owomile.
• I-Periodontitis: I-Periodontitis, engase ikhule ngenxa ye-gingivitis engelashwa, ibangela nezinsini ukopha. Lesi simo siholela ekuxegisweni kwezinsini emazinyweni, okuholela ekopheni.
• Ukopha Izinsini Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa: Ukushintsha kwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwezinsini kanye nobuhlungu, okuholela ekopheni kwezinsini. Ukugcina inhlanzeko yomlomo omuhle kungasiza, kodwa kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wamazinyo uma isimo siba sibi.
• Amazinyo okufakelwa angalingani kahle: Amazinyo okufakelwa angafakwanga kahle angase ahlikihle izinsini, abangele ukucasuka nokopha.
• Ukuhlinza ngomlomo: Izinqubo ezifana nokukhipha izinyo zingabangela ukopha okwesikhashana izinsini.
• I-Plaque Buildup: I-Plaque iyifilimu enamathelayo yamagciwane, imfucumfucu yokudla, namathe emazinyweni. Uma ingasuswa ngokuxubha/ngokuhluza, i-plaque iyaqina ibe yi-tartar, ecasula izinsini futhi izenze zijwayele ukopha.

Ezinye izimo

Ezinye izinsini ezophayo zingabangelwa izici eziningana, ezihlanganisa:

• Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin: Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin C kanye Vitamin K.
• I-Gum Trauma: Ukulimala ezinsinini.
• Imikhiqizo kagwayi: Ukusetshenziswa kwe ugwayi kungaholela ekopheni kwezinsini.
• Ukukhulelwa: Ukushintsha kwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabangela ukuthi izinsini zophe.
• Canker Sores: Izilonda ezincane, ezibuhlungu ngaphakathi emlonyeni.
• Izindlela Zokuxubha Nokuthambisa: Izindlela ezingalungile zingalimaza izinsini.
• I-Chemotherapy: Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungathinta impilo yomlomo.
• Imithi: Imithi ethile ingabangela ukuthi izinsini zophe.

Sifo

Ukuze kutholakale isifo sezinsini, odokotela bamazinyo bahlola ngokucophelela. Konke lokhu kuhlola kusiza odokotela bamazinyo ukuthi bahlonze kahle izifo zezinsini futhi banqume ukuqina kwazo. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi bahlele ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukuxilongwa kuhlanganisa:

• Umlando wezokwelapha: Odokotela bamazinyo babuza mayelana nezimpawu, imithi, kanye nezimo zempilo ukuze baqonde izimbangela ezingase zibe khona.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola uqweqwe lwamazinyo, ukuvuvuka kwezinsini, ukuwohloka kwezinsini, ukuxega kwamazinyo, nezinye izimpawu zesifo sezinsini.
• Ukuhlola izinsini: Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukuhlola amaphakethe ezinsini emazinyweni kusetshenziswa i-periodontal probe ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi akukho yini ukuphuma ezinyoni.
• I-X-ray yamazinyo: Odokotela bahlola ukulahleka kwamathambo ezungeze amazinyo kanye nomonakalo ngenxa yesifo sezinsini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuxilonga ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, ukutholakala kwamavithamini, isifo sikashukela, i-leukemia, nezinye izimbangela zesistimu.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwezinsini ukopha kuhilela ukulungisa inkinga ewumsuka. Izinketho ezimbalwa zokwelapha izinsini ezophayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlanza okuphrofeshinali: Le nqubo ihilela ukususwa koqweqwe lwe- plaque ne-tartar deposits, kanye nokushelela kwezinyo eziqinile. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6. 
• Ukukala nokuhlela izimpande: Kuyinqubo yokuhlanza ejulile yokukhipha i-plaque ne-tartar ngaphansi komugqa we-gum kanye nezimpande ezibushelelezi.
• Imithi: Imithi, efana ne-antibacterial mouth rinses, ama-antibiotic gels, noma ama-antibiotics, ngokuvamile anqunyelwe izifo zezinsini kanye nezinsini ezophayo.
• Ukwelashwa kwezinsini: Ukuxhunyelelwa kwezinsini kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-flap kuyanconywa, kuye ngobunzima besifo sezinsini.
• Ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyisisekelo: Ukuphatha isifo sikashukela, ukulungisa imithi, ukuthatha izithasiselo zokuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukulungisa amazinyo okufakelwa, njll, nakho kungasiza ekulawuleni ukopha ezinsinini. 

Uzovakashela Nini Udokotela?

Izinsini zokopha eziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili zidinga ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo ngokushesha, ngisho nokuxubha nokuswayipha okuthuthukisiwe. Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi kwezinsini ezophayo ezivuvukele kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezifana nokuphuma kwamazinyo.

Ukuvakashela udokotela wamazinyo ngokushesha lapho izinsini zopha isikhathi eside kubalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe bukadokotela wamazinyo busiza ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi okuphumelelayo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuqhubekela phambili ezindabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukubhekana nezinkinga kusenesikhathi kunciphisa izinkinga futhi kuthuthukisa imiphumela. Nakhu ukuthi ukufuna ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kwezinsini ezophayo kungaba usizo kanjani: 

• Izinsini zokopha ngokuvamile zibonisa isifo sezinsini, esidinga ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe.
• Ukulibazisa ukuvakasha kwamazinyo kanye nethemba lokuthi izimpawu zizozixazulula ngokwazo kuvumela isimo ukuthi sibe sibi kakhulu.
• Isifo sezinsini silimaza izicubu namazinyo asekela amathambo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izimo ezinzima ziholela ekulahlekelweni kwamazinyo.
• Ukubamba izinkinga zezinsini kusenesikhathi kwenza ukwelashwa kube lula.
• Odokotela bamazinyo ingahlola ukopha okuqhubekayo ukuze kutholakale imbangela ewumsuka. Bangakwazi-ke ukunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze isimo silawuleke.

Ukuvimbela Ukopha Izinsini

• Gcina Ukuhlanzeka Okuhle Komlomo: Geza amazinyo akho okungenani kabili ngosuku futhi ucwebe nsuku zonke ukuze ukhiphe uqweqwe.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwamazinyo Okuvamile: Vakashela udokotela wakho wamazinyo ukuze ahlanzeke futhi ahlolwe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Sebenzisa Ibhulashi Lamazinyo Elithambile: Khetha ibhulashi elinamabristle athambile ukuze ugweme ukucasula izinsini zakho.
• Gwema Imikhiqizo Kagwayi: Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa ugwayi kungandisa ingozi yesifo sezinsini.
• Yidla a Ukudla Okulinganiselayo: Faka inala yezithelo nemifino, ecebile ngamavithamini namaminerali akhuthaza impilo yezinsini.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize ukugeza izinhlayiya zokudla kanye namagciwane.
• Lawula Ukucindezeleka: Zijwayeze amasu okunciphisa ukucindezeleka, njengoba ukucindezeleka kungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yomlomo.
• Bhekana Nezinkinga Zezempilo Eziyisisekelo: Lawula izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma izinguquko zehomoni ezingathinta impilo yezinsini.
• Sebenzisa i-Antimicrobial Mouthwash: Cabangela ukusebenzisa i-mouthwash esiza ekunciphiseni uqweqwe lwamagciwane namagciwane.
• Gwema Utshwala Obudlulele: Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala, okungase kucasule izinsini futhi kubangele ukopha.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Okopha Izinsini

Ngenkathi usalinde isikhathi sakho sokubona udokotela wamazinyo, ungathatha izinyathelo ekhaya ukuze uthole impumuzo emazinyweni ophayo. Amanye amakhambi asekhaya afaka: 

• Gcoba ngobumnene ngesixubho esithambile
• Flow nsuku zonke
• Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele
• Sebenzisa i-mouthwash ye-antibacterial

Ukwengeza uvithamini C no-K okwengeziwe kungasiza ekuqiniseni izinsini zakho. Yidla kakhulu izithelo ezisawolintshi, imifino eluhlaza, i-broccoli, ubhontshisi wesoya, notamatisi.

Okokugcina, gwema izinto ezicasula izinsini, njenge:

• Ukudla okunoshukela
• Ukubhema
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni 

Nakuba ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kungasiza ekudambiseni izinsini ezophayo, ungalibali ukubona udokotela wamazinyo ukuze ahlolwe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini umhlinzeki wezempilo?

Izinsini zokopha zingazixazulula ngokwazo, kodwa uma ukopha kuqhubeka amasonto amabili, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela onakekela oyinhloko. Bangase baphakamise ukwelashwa kwezinsini ezophayo, njengokuhlanza amazinyo okujulile, noma ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezicashile.

Isiphetho

Ukopha okungatheni, ngezikhathi ezithile kuvamile. Kodwa-ke izinsini ezopha njalo zibonisa isifo sezinsini noma izinkinga zempilo ezidingekayo ukwelashwa kochwepheshe. Bonana nodokotela wamazinyo ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezifana nokuqhubekela phambili kwesifo nokuphuma kwamazinyo. Ukugcina impilo yezinsini kubalulekile ukuze ugcine amazinyo emvelo eqinile futhi ugweme izinkinga ezinjengamazinyo axegayo, umoya onukayo, nokubola kwamazinyo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Uyimisa kanjani insangu yakho ukopha?

Gcoba bese ushayela ngobumnene, hlambulula ngamanzi anosawoti noma ngomuthi wokuwasha umlomo obulala amagciwane, bese ufaka i-compress ebandayo ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala. Bona udokotela wamazinyo ukuze uthole ukopha okungapheli.

2. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela ukopha kwezinsini?

Ukuntula uvithamini C noma uvithamini K kungabangela izinsini zophe.

3. Yimuphi umuthi ongcono kakhulu wokopha ezinsinini?

I-Antiseptic mouthwash, i-chlorhexidine yokuhlanza umlomo, nemikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko yomlomo iyasebenza. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho wamazinyo angase akunikeze ama-antibiotics uma kukhona ukutheleleka.

4. Ingabe ukopha kwezinsini kungelapheka?

Yebo, ngokuhlanzeka komlomo okufanele, ukudla okunomsoco, nokunakekelwa kwamazinyo okuchwepheshe, ukopha kwezinsini kungalawuleka futhi kwelapheke.

5. Ungahamba isikhathi esingakanani nezinsini ezophayo?

Uma izinsini zakho zopha isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto naphezu kwenhlanzeko yomlomo, bheka udokotela wamazinyo. Ukopha okungapheli kungabonisa isimo esibucayi kakhulu.

6. Iyiphi ivithamini edingekayo ukuze ukopha kwezinsini?

I-Vitamin C ibalulekile empilweni yezinsini. I-Vitamin K nayo ibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwegazi.

7. Ingabe ukopha kwezinsini kuyinto evamile ekukhulelweni?

Yebo, izinguquko zamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingenza izinsini zizwele kakhulu futhi zithambekele ekopheni, isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-gingivitis yokukhulelwa.

8. Ingabe izinsini ezophayo zingayidlulisa i-HIV?

I-HIV isakazwa ngegazi, hhayi ngamathe. Kodwa-ke, uma bobabili abantu benezilonda ezivulekile noma izinsini ezophayo, kunengozi encane kakhulu. Kungcono ukugwema ukwabelana ngamathuluzi enhlanzeko yomlomo futhi uqinisekise impilo enhle yomlomo.

9. Kungani ngopha izinsini ezinomoya omubi?

Izinsini zokopha kanye nokuphefumula okubi ngokuvamile kuyizimpawu zesifo sezinsini (i-gingivitis noma i-periodontitis). Ukungahlanzeki komlomo, ukwakheka kwama-plaque, kanye nezifo kungabangela lezi zimpawu.

10. Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yokopha kwezinsini?

Imbangela eyinhloko ukungahlanzeki komlomo okuholela ekwakhekeni koqweqwe lwezinsimbi nesifo sezinsini. Ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa ukushoda kwamavithamini, izinguquko zamahomoni, nemithi ethile.

CARE Medical Team

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