Izigaxa Zamabele

Isigaxa sebele ngokungangabazeki siyisimo esiyingozi okungenzeka kube esokuqala uphawu lomdlavuza webele. Noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala ebeleni kuphathelene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubonakala kanjani noma kuzwakala kanjani. Ngisho nezimila ezinkulu kunohhafu we-intshi ububanzi zingase zizwakale ngesandla. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akuzona zonke izigaxa zamabele ezinomdlavuza. Izigaxa zamabele, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasebasha, zingase zibonise ukugula okunempilo. Uma unesigaxa esicutshini sakho sebele, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhiphe umdlavuza. Uma ubona isigaxa esisha noma uma ukuthungwa kwezicubu zakho zebele kuhlukile kokujwayelekile, thintana nodokotela.

Iningi lezigaxa zamabele azinabungozi, okusho ukuthi azinawo umdlavuza. Ukuthola isigaxa sebele kungase kusimangaze, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuvamile akubeki usongo lwezempilo lwesikhathi eside.

Noma kunjalo, isigaxa sebele singasebenza njengenkomba yomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphile ukufuna ukuhlolwa kodokotela lapho uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izigaxa zamabele noma ukuvuvukala.

Nakuba amabele evame ukuhlotshaniswa nabesifazane, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izicubu zebele zikhona kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Ukushintshashintsha kwe-hormonal kungathonya lesi zicubu, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwezigaxa, okuthi, kwezinye izimo, zixazulule ngokwemvelo. Izigaxa zamabele zingabonakala kunoma ibuphi ubudala.

Izinsana zingase zibe nezigaxa zamabele ngenxa ye-estrogen kamama eziyithola ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, futhi lezi ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala njengoba i-estrogen iphuma emizimbeni yazo.
Amantombazane angaphambi kokuthomba angase abe nezigaxa zamabele ezithambile, kodwa ngokuvamile lezi zixazulula ngokwazo ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Abafana abasebasha bangaba nezigaxa zamabele ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ngokuvamile okuba ezesikhashana futhi ezivame ukunyamalala phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ziyini Izigaxa Zamabele? 

Izigaxa zamabele yizimila noma ukukhula ezicutshini zebele. Zingenzeka endaweni ezungeze izicubu zebele, esithweni sesifuba, noma ngaphansi kwengalo. Isigaxa sebele singase sibonakale siphawuleka noma sisinda. Izigaxa zamabele zingahluka ngosayizi, ukuma, nokuthungwa. Zingaba zincane njengephizi noma zibe zikhudlwana. Nakuba izigaxa eziningi zamabele zingabangeli buhlungu, ezinye zingase zibe buhlungu. Kunezimo ezahlukene zezempilo ezingadala izigaxa zamabele ezingenawo umdlavuza. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuba noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesigaxa sebele luhlolwe udokotela.

Izimbangela Zezigaxa Zamabele

Ukuthola isigaxa ebeleni kungadalwa yizinto eziningi. Nazi izimbangela ezimbalwa ezivamile zezigaxa zamabele:

• Ukushintsha kwebele okubangelwa izinguquko ze-fibrocystic: Isigaxa singase sizizwe njengeqoqo lamasaka amancane, agcwele uketshezi kanye nezicubu ezinemicu (irabha).
• Ama-cysts amabele: Amasaka agcwele uketshezi angase akhule lapho uketshezi luvaleleke emiseleni yobisi. Ama-cyst ajwayelekile kubantu abadala abangakadluli menopause.
• I-Fibroadenomas: Lezi yizigaxa ezinobungozi ezivame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile zibangela ukungakhululeki okuncane futhi ngokuvamile zithinta abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-30.
• I-Phyllodes tumor: Isimila esikhula kuzicubu ezixhumene nebele.
• Ukutheleleka kwebele: Ukutheleleka kwezicubu zamabele kungaholela eqenjini eliqinile lezicubu. Ezimweni ezimbalwa, ukutheleleka kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesigaxa esiqinile, esihlukile esigcwele ubomvu, okwaziwa ngokuthi ithumba lebele.
• Izibalo zamabele: Amadiphozithi amakhulu e-benign calcium angazwakala njengesigaxa esiqinile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuncishiswa kwebele noma ukwelashwa kwe-tissue flap.
• Umdlavuza webele: Isigaxa sibangelwa isimila esikhula ngaphakathi kwezicubu zebele.

Izimpawu Zezigaxa Zamabele

Izigaxa zamabele zingabonakala kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amabele. Izimpawu zesigaxa zamabele zihlanganisa:

• Isigaxa esigudluka kalula, esiyindilinga noma esisaqanda esibushelelezi futhi esingase sibe nemingcele ebushelelezi. 
• Ubuhlungu endaweni yengono noma ukudonsa ingono.
• Okucacile, okuphuzi, okunombala wotshani, noma uketshezi olunsundu ngokumnyama noma okuphuma igazi okusobala ezingonweni.
• Ingono ethambile noma ebomvu noma isikhumba sesifuba.
• Ubuhlungu bebele noma ukuzwela okuhlobene nesigaxa.
• Ukuvela okungazelelwe kwesigaxa esikhulu sebele kanye nokwanda kokuzwela kwebele ngaphambi nje kokuya esikhathini.
• Ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwezinye izimpawu ngemva kwesikhathi, kuhlanganise nesigaxa sebele esincane.
• Ukubonakala kwekhasi eliwolintshi esikhumbeni phezu kwebele

Izinhlobo zezigaxa zamabele

Izigaxa zamabele zingaba kahle noma zibe nomdlavuza futhi zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Nakuba izigaxa zamabele ezinobungozi zivame kakhulu kunezomdlavuza, kubalulekile ukuba zonke izinhlobo zezigaxa zamabele zihlolwe ngudokotela. Uhlobo lwezigaxa zamabele lungaba nomdlavuza noma lube nomdlavuza: 

Izigaxa Zebele Ezinhle

Izigaxa zebele ezingezinhle ziyizimila ezingezona ezimbi noma uquqaba ku- izicubu zesifuba. Zingabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi zibe nezimbangela ezihlukene. Ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile zezigaxa zebele ezinobungozi zihlanganisa:

• I-Fibroadenomas
• Amabele E-Fibrocystic
• Ama-Milk Cyst
• Ama-Breast Cysts
• I-Fat Necrosis
• I-Intraductal Papilloma
• Lipoma
• Isisu
• Ithumba Lebele

Isigaxa Sesifuba Esinomdlavuza

Izigaxa zamabele ezinomdlavuza zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izimila ezimbi." Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isigaxa esingajwayelekile sesicubu esinamaseli anomdlavuza. Lezi zigaxa zingase zizwakale noma zingezwakali esikhumbeni, futhi zingahluka ngobukhulu, ukuthungwa, nokungakhululeki. Izigaxa zomdlavuza webele zibonisa ukuhluka okufanayo ngosayizi, umumo, kanye nokuthungwa njengezigaxa zebele ezinobungozi. Nakuba ezinye izigaxa zomdlavuza webele zingase zizizwe zithambekile futhi zinyakaza, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi zizizwe ziqinile futhi zinganyakazi. Ukwengeza, bangase babe nomuzwa we-angular ngaphezu kokuzwakala okubushelelezi.

Izinqubo zokuxilongwa

Ukuhlolwa kwesigaxa samabele, ukuhlola kwesithombe njenge-mammograms kanye ne-ultrasound yezigaxa zamabele, kanye ngokunokwenzeka nama-breast biopsies noma i-fine-needle aspirations kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuhlola izigaxa zamabele.

• Ukuhlolwa Kwebele - Udokotela uzolizwa mathupha ibele ngeminwe yakhe. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuvame ukudingeka njengoba udokotela engakwazi ukunquma ukuthi isigaxa sebele siyi-cyst esekelwe kuphela ekuhlolweni kwebele lomtholampilo.
• I-Mammogram ne-Ultrasound - Lezi zithwebuli zezithombe zinikeza imibono enemininingwane yebele. I-Mammography ingakwazi ukubona ama-cysts amakhulu namaqoqo ama-cysts amancane. I-Ultrasound isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi isigaxa sebele siqinile yini noma sigcwele uketshezi.
• I-need biopsy- lapho inaliti ishuthekwa esigaxeni bese ithunyelwa ukuze kuhlolwe isifo 
• I-biopsy yesigaxa sebele - lapho ucezu olukhudlwana lweqhubu noma sonke isigaxa sithunyelwa ukuze kuhlolwe isifo 

Uma kunesidingo, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwebele ukuze athole izigaxa zamabele. Uma udokotela enquma ukuthi isigaxa asilungile, isiguli singaphinde siqale ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile. Ezimweni lapho i-cyst ingakhululekile futhi ishubile, udokotela angase akhethe ukukhipha uketshezi ukuze anikeze isiguli ukukhululeka.

Ubona nini udokotela?

Umuntu kufanele abonane nodokotela uma ebona:

• Isifuba noma iqhubu ngaphansi kwengalo.
• Ukutholakala kwesigaxa esisha sebele ngesikhathi sokuzihlola.
• Izinguquko kwingono, njengokuguquguquka noma ukuphuma.
• Ukuba khona kwemihuzuko ebeleni ngaphandle kokulimala okwaziwayo.
• I-Dimpling noma i-puckering yesikhumba.

Ukwelashwa Kwesigaxa Sebele

Ukwelashwa kwesigaxa sebele kuncike kumbangela yaso. Ezinye izigaxa zingase zingadingi ukwelashwa, kanti ezinye zingadinga ukungenelela. Izinketho zokwelapha izigaxa zamabele zihlanganisa:

• I-fine-needle aspiration: Le nqubo ihilela ukukhipha uketshezi ku-cyst yebele. Uma lonke uketshezi lukhishwa ngempumelelo, isigaxa sebele sizoncibilika, futhi izimpawu zizoxazululeka.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone: Amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ama-hormone zingase zinconywe ukuze kulawuleke izikhathi zanyanga zonke futhi kuncishiswe ukuphindeka kwamathumba ebele. Kodwa-ke, ukwelapha ngama-hormone kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe bezempilo ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engaba khona.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwebele: Ukuhlinza isigaxa sebele kungase kunconywe uma kukhona ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo ku-cyst yebele, uma uketshezi oluzungeze i-cyst lunyanyiswa yigazi, noma uma kukhona ezinye izimpawu eziphathelene ne-cyst.

Isiphetho

Izigaxa zamabele zingakhula ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Zivamile futhi azivamile ukulimaza. Ungethuki uma uthola isigaxa noma yiluphi olunye ushintsho ebeleni lakho, bheka a ochwepheshe bezempilo ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezigaxa ezivamile emabeleni? 

Kujwayelekile ukuthi izicubu zebele zibe nezigaxa noma zijiye. Izicubu zamabele zingashintsha ngenxa yokuncelisa ibele kanye noshintsho lwamahomoni, futhi isigaxa asibonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi umdlavuza.

2. Ngabe isigaxa sebele sisho ukuthi nginomdlavuza? 

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele isigaxa noma isimila ebeleni. Nokho, akuzona zonke izigaxa zamabele ezinomdlavuza.

3. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezigaxa okufanele ukhathazeke ngazo? 

Kufanele uhlolwe isigaxa uma sibuhlungu, sishisa noma sibomvu, siqinile, futhi asinyakazi. Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma isigaxa siqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngemva kokususwa noma uma sikhula futhi.

4. Sizizwa sinjani isigaxa sebele esinomdlavuza? 

Isigaxa esinomdlavuza ngokuvamile siqinile futhi asithambile noma sinamafinyila. Ukwengeza, imiphetho yayo ivame ukucijile, ingalingani, futhi i-asymmetrical kunokuba bushelelezi.

5. Ingabe izigaxa zamabele zizozihambela? 

Ezinye izigaxa zamabele zingazihambela zodwa. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha uma ubona isigaxa sebele. 

6. Ngokuvamile umdlavuza webele utholakala kuphi? 

Izigaxa zamabele zivame ukubonakala engxenyeni engaphezulu yangaphandle yebele uma kunomdlavuza webele. Avame ukubonakala eduze kwengono kwabesilisa.

CARE Medical Team

81