Izilonda zeCanker

Izilonda zomdlavuza ziyinkinga evamile futhi ekhungathekisayo ethinta abantu abaningi. Lezi zilonda ezincane ezibuhlungu zingenzeka ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphakathi emlonyeni womlomo, zibangele ukungakhululeki futhi zenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokudla, ukuphuza, nokukhuluma kube inselele. Nakuba zingatheleleki, izilonda zomdlavuza zingathinta kakhulu izinga lempilo yomuntu.

Le bhulogi enemininingwane izohlinzeka ngencazelo enemininingwane yezimbangela ze-canker sore kanye nokwelashwa okusebenzayo kwe-canker sore. Sizohlola ukuthi yini ebangela lezi zilonda emlonyeni, ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zazo, nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuzilawula. Kusukela ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha kuya ekwelashweni kwasekhaya, sizofaka izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha izilonda zomdlavuza emlonyeni futhi sinikeze namathiphu okuvimbela ukuqubuka kwesikhathi esizayo. 

Ziyini Izilonda zeCanker?

Izilonda zomdlavuza, ezibizwa nangokuthi izilonda zomlomo noma izilonda ze-aphthous, izilonda ezincane, ezingajulile ezivela ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphakathi emlonyeni. Lezi zilonda ezibuhlungu ngokuvamile zivela ngaphakathi ezihlathini noma ezindebeni, ngaphansi noma ngaphansi kolimi, phansi kwezinsini, noma olwangeni oluthambile. Ngokungafani nezilonda ezibandayo, izilonda ze-canker ziyizifo ezingatheleleki futhi aziveli ebusweni bezindebe.

Lezi zilonda zomlomo ngokuvamile ziyindilinga noma zimise okweqanda, zibe nendawo emhlophe noma ephuzi ezungezwe umngcele obomvu. Zingahluka ngosayizi, kanti eziningi zingaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yeyintshi (isentimitha elingu-1) ububanzi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izilonda zomdlavuza, ungase ubone ukuvutha noma ukuluma endaweni yesilonda.

Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezilonda ze-canker:

• Izilonda ezincane zeCanker: Lezi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Mancane, amise okweqanda, futhi avamise ukuphilisa ngaphandle kwesibazi phakathi neviki elilodwa kuya kwamabili.
• Izilonda ezinkulu zeCanker: Akuvamile kakhulu kodwa kukhudlwana futhi kujulile kunezilonda ezincane, lezi zingaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi zingase zithathe amaviki angu-6 ukuphola, ngezinye izikhathi zishiye izibazi.
• Izilonda zeCanker Herpetiform: Lezi azivamile futhi ngokuvamile zikhula kamuva ekuphileni. Abonakala njengamaqoqo ezilonda ezincane, ezivame ukuhlangana zibe isilonda esisodwa esikhulu.

Izimbangela Nezici Zengozi Ye-Canker Sores

Nakuba imbangela eyinhloko yezilonda ze-canker isalokhu ifihliwe, izici eziningana zingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwazo, njenge:

• Izici Zokudla: Ukudla okuthile kungase kubangele noma kubangele izilonda ezimbi kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa izithelo ezine-acidic ezifana ne-citrus, ama-strawberries, notamatisi. Abanye bangase futhi babe nezilonda zomdlavuza ngemva kokudla ushokoledi, ikhofi, amantongomane, noma ukudla okubabayo. Ukwengeza, ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi ku vitamin B-12i-zinc, i-folic acid, noma iron, kungase kwandise amathuba okuba nezilonda zomdlavuza.
• Ukucindezeleka namaHormone: Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka ngokomzwelo noma ukukhathazeka kunomthelela ekukhuleni kobuhlungu becanker. Ucwaningo lwethule ukuxhumana phakathi kwamazinga okucindezeleka kanye nokwenzeka kwalokhu izilonda emlonyeni. Ukushintsha kwama-hormone, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kungase kubangele izilonda zamathumba kwabesifazane.
• Izimo Zezempilo Eziyisisekelo: Izimo eziningi zempilo zingase zixhumene nezilonda zomdlavuza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo njengesifo sikaCrohn kanye nesifo sofuba esiswini, isifo se-celiac, nesifo sika-Behçet. Amasosha omzimba, njengalawo abangelwa i-HIV/AIDS, nawo angandisa amathuba okuba nezilonda zomdlavuza.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Izici ezithile zingenza abanye abantu bathambekele kakhudlwana ezilonda zomdlavuza. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Osemusha noma osemusha omdala
• Abesifazane 
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wezilonda zomdlavuza
• Ukuhlanzeka ngomlomo okungekuhle
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yamazinyo njengama-braces
• Imikhiqizo yenhlanzeko yomlomo equkethe i-sodium lauryl sulphate 

Izimpawu zeCanker Sores

Izimpawu zezilonda ze-canker zingahluka ngokuqina kanye nobude besikhathi, kodwa kunezimpawu ezijwayelekile okufanele uzibheke, njenge:

• Inkomba yokuqala yezilonda ezikhulayo zomdlavuza ngokuvamile ukuzwa ukuvutha noma ukuluma endaweni ethintekile. Lokhu kuzwa kuvame ukuvela emahoreni ayisi-6 kuya kwangama-24 ngaphambi kokuba isilonda sibonakale. 
• Njengoba isilonda sikhula, sithatha isimo esiyindilinga noma esisaqanda esinemaphakathi elimhlophe, elimpunga, noma eliphuzi eliphaphathekile elizungezwe umngcele obomvu.
• Izilonda zomdlavuza zingaba buhlungu, ikakhulukazi lapho udla noma uphuza. 
• Ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu angase abe nesilonda esisodwa; kwezinye, izilonda eziningi zingase zivele ngamaqoqo.
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izilonda zomdlavuza zingase zihambisane nezimpawu ezengeziwe ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, kanye ama-lymph node avuvukile. 

Ukuxilongwa kweCanker Sores

Izilonda zomdlavuza ngokuvamile kulula ukuzibona ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuhlukile kanye nezimpawu zazo. 

• Ukuhlolwa Okubonwayo: Udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela ulwelwesi lomlomo wesiguli futhi abuze ngezimpawu zaso kanye nemikhuba yokudla.
• Izivivinyo ezengeziwe: Lezi zivivinyo zingabandakanya:
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-Swab: Ukuthola izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane
  • Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ukuhlonza noma yikuphi ukuntula okunomsoco okucashile noma izimo zempilo
  • Isampula Yezicubu: Ukuhlola indawo ethintekile eduze
  • Ukuhlolwa kwezitho ezithile: Ukuze uhlole izimo ezihlobene ezifana nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo

Ukwelashwa Kwezilonda Zomdlavuza

Izilonda ze-Aphthous zivame ukuzipholisa ngokwazo phakathi nesonto noma amabili. Nokho, kungase kudingeke ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ezilonda ezinkulu, ezibeleselayo, noma ezibuhlungu. Izinketho zokwelashwa eziningana ziyatholakala ukuze kudambiswe ukungakhululeki nokusheshisa ukuphulukiswa, njenge:

• Imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter:
  • Imithi ebulala izinzwa equkethe i-benzocaine ingathuntubeza indawo ethintekile futhi inciphise ubuhlungu. 
  • Ukugeza umlomo nge-hydrogen peroxide, noma i-chlorhexidine kungasiza ukuhlanza isilonda nokuvimbela izifo. 
  • Amajeli okuzivikela noma ama-patches adala umgoqo phezu kwesilonda, esivikela ekucasukeni.
• Imithi Kadokotela:
  • Amahlanzi omlomo kadokotela aqukethe i-dexamethasone noma i-lidocaine angasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. 
  • I-corticosteroids yama-topical inciphisa ukusabela komzimba futhi ikhuthaze ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda. 
  • Kwezinye izimo, odokotela batusa imithi yomlomo efana ne-sucralfate noma i-colchicine.
• Izithako Zokudla: Odokotela bangase banikeze i-Vitamin B-12, i-zinc, noma izithasiselo ze-folic acid ukuze kubhekwane nezinkinga eziyisisekelo zokudla okunomsoco ezibangela ukukhula kwe-canker sore.
• I-Cauterization: Ezilonda ezinzima zomdlavuza, odokotela bangasebenzisa ikhemikhali noma ithuluzi ukushisa noma ukucekela phansi izicubu ezithintekile, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphulukiswa nokukhulula ubuhlungu.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba izilonda ze-canker zivame ukuzipholisa ngokwazo, kunezimo lapho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka, njenge: 

• Uma une-canker sore ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu
• Itholakala eduze nengemuva lomphimbo wakho
• Uma i-canker sore yakho yopha noma iba buhlungu kakhulu futhi ibe bomvu
• Izilonda ezinkulu ngokungavamile
• Izilonda ezisakazeka
• Ubuhlungu obudlulele naphezu kokugwema ukudla okuyizicucu kanye nokuthatha imithi yezinhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter
• Ubunzima bokusebenzisa uketshezi
• Ukushisa okuphezulu okuhambisana nezilonda zomdlavuza
• Izilonda emlonyeni njalo

Amakhambi Asekhaya E-Canker Izilonda

Nakuba izilonda ze-canker zivame ukuzipholisa ngokwazo, amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasheshisa inqubo yokuphulukisa futhi akhulule ukungaphatheki kahle, njenge:

• Ingxube Yamanzi Asawoti: Xuba ithisipuni elilodwa likasawoti wetafula kuhhafu wenkomishi yamanzi afudumele bese uwuswayipha imizuzwana eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuwukhafula. Lokhu kungasiza ukomisa izilonda futhi kunciphise ukuvuvukala.
• I-Aloe Vera Gel: Ukusetshenziswa kongqimba oluncane lwejeli ye-aloe vera esilonda se-canker kungadambisa izinhlungu futhi kukhuthaze ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha. 
• Uju: Ukufaka uju oluncane olungahluziwe, olungahlungiwe esilonda izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku kungase kusize ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokusheshisa ukuphulukiswa. 
• Amafutha kakhukhunathi: Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kakhukhunathi ngqo esilonda se-canker izikhathi eziningana nsuku zonke kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka futhi kunciphise ukungakhululeki.
• Iyogathi: Yogathi equkethe amasiko e-probiotic aphilayo nawo angase abe yinzuzo, ikakhulukazi uma izilonda zakho zomdlavuza zihlobene nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. 

Prevention

Ukuvimbela izilonda zomdlavuza kuhlanganisa ukuhlonza nokugwema izinto ezingase zibangele, okuhlanganisa: 

• Qaphela ukuthi udlani ukuze unciphise ukuvama kwalezi zilonda emlonyeni. Gwema imikhiqizo yokudla ecasula umlomo wakho, njengamantongomane, ama-chips, ama-pretzels, ukudla okubabayo, nezithelo ezine-asidi njengophayinaphu, i-grapefruit, amawolintshi. 
• Ukuzijwayeza ukuhlanzeka kwamazinyo kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela izilonda zomdlavuza. Hlanza amazinyo akho njalo ngemva kokudla futhi uxube kanye ngosuku. Cabangela ukushintshela ku-toothpaste nezihlanzi zomlomo ezingenayo i-sodium lauryl sulphate.
• Ukuhlafuna ukudla kwakho kancane futhi ugweme ukukhuluma ngenkathi udla nakho kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala ngengozi emlonyeni wakho.
• Ukucindezeleka kungabangela izilonda ze-canker, ngakho ukuthola izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka kubalulekile. 
• Okokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi ukudla kwakho kufaka okusanhlamvu okuphelele, izithelo, nemifino ukuze uvimbele ukuntuleka komsoco. Ukudla okunothe nge-iron, i-folic acid, uvithamini B12, ne-zinc kungaba yinzuzo ngokukhethekile ekugwemeni izilonda zamathumba.

Isiphetho

Izilonda zomdlavuza ziyinkinga evamile futhi evame ukukhungathekisa abantu abaningi ababhekana nayo. Kusukela kumakhambi alula asekhaya njengamanzi okugeza amanzi anosawoti kuya ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, zikhona izindlela eziningi zokulawula nokunciphisa ukungaphatheki kahle okubangelwa izilonda zomdlavuza.

Ukuvimbela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izilonda zomdlavuza. Ngokuhlonza nokugwema izimbangela, ukugcina inhlanzeko yomlomo, nokulawula ukucindezeleka, unganciphisa imvamisa yalezi zilonda zomlomo ezikhathazayo. Khumbula, nakuba izilonda eziningi ze-cancer zilulama ngokwazo, udokotela kufanele ahlole izimo eziqhubekayo noma ezinzima ukuze akhiphe noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ubani othola izilonda zomdlavuza?

Izilonda zomdlavuza zingathinta noma ubani, kodwa zivame kakhulu emaqenjini athile. Intsha kanye nentsha ijwayele kakhulu ukuba nalezi zilonda emlonyeni. Ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwama-hormone, abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nezilonda zomdlavuza kunabesilisa. Ukwengeza, abantu abanomlando womndeni wezilonda ze-aphthous basengozini enkulu yokuba nazo.

2. Indlela yokwenza izilonda ze-canker ziphele?

Nakuba izilonda ze-aphthous ngokuvamile ziphulukisa ngokwazo phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili, kunezindlela eziningana zokusheshisa inqubo yokuphulukisa nokunciphisa ukungaphatheki kahle. Imithi yokwelapha etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta, njengemithi ebulala izinzwa equkethe i-benzocaine, ingathuntubeza indawo yesilonda futhi inciphise ubuhlungu. Ukugeza umlomo nge-hydrogen peroxide, noma i-chlorhexidine ingahlanza isilonda futhi ivimbele izifo. Udokotela angase anikeze amafutha e-corticosteroid noma ama-rinses emlonyeni ezimweni ezinzima ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa.

3. Yini engcono kakhulu ukuyidla ngezilonda zomdlavuza?

Ukukhetha ukudla okuthambile, okungenalutho okungeke kucasule indawo ethintekile kungcono kakhulu uma ubhekana nezilonda zomdlavuza. Khetha ukudla okufana neyogathi, i-cottage shizi, amazambane abondiwe, nemifino ephekwe ngokuthambile. Isobho nesitshulu esinenyama ethambile kuyizinto ezinhle ongazikhetha, njengoba kunjalo nokudla kwasekuseni okufana ne-oatmeal esheshayo kanye nezinhlamvu ezibandayo ezithambile obisini. Kuyafaneleka ukugwema ukudla okune-acidic, okubabayo, noma okunosawoti omningi okungandisa ubuhlungu nokucasuka okubangelwa izilonda zomdlavuza.

UDkt. Sreenivasa Rao Akula

BDS, MDS, Fellow ICOI (USA), Dental Surgeon Periodontist & Implantologist
Izibhedlela ze-CARE, Nampally, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

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