Cholecystitis

I-Cholecystitis yisimo esibucayi futhi esivame ukuthule esithinta izicubu gallbladder, isitho esincane esimise okwepheya esitholakala ngaphansi nje kwesibindi. Lesi sitho esincane sidlala indima ebalulekile esimisweni somzimba sokugaya ukudla futhi sigcine futhi sigxilise inyongo, uketshezi olukhiqizwa futhi lukhishwe isibindi olusiza ukuwohloka nokumunca okunamafutha. I-Cholecystitis ingaba yingozi, okusho ukuthi iqala ngokuzumayo, noma ingapheli, lapho ukuvuvukala kuqhubeka khona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni, lesi simo sidinga ukugxambukela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga futhi kuqinisekiswe ukululama okuphelele.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cholecystitis

1. I-Acute Cholecystitis: I-acute cholecystitis ukuvuvukala kwenyongo kungazelelwe futhi okubi kakhulu, okuvame ukubangelwa i-gallstone evala umgudu we-cystic, ishubhu elincane elixhuma i-gallbladder ne-bile duct evamile.
2. I-Cholecystitis engapheli: I-cholecystitis engapheli ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder isikhathi eside, okuqhubekayo, okuvame ukubangelwa iziqephu eziphindaphindiwe ze-acute cholecystitis noma. inyongo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala okuphindaphindiwe kungabangela i-gallbladder ukuba iqine, ibe nezibazi, futhi ingasebenzi kahle, okuholela ezimpawu eziqhubekayo kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga.
3. I-Acalculous Cholecystitis: I-Acalculous cholecystitis iwuhlobo olungavamile lwe-cholecystitis eyenzeka ngaphandle kwamatshe enyongo. Lolu hlobo luvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezibucayi, ezifana nezifo ezinzima, ukuhlukumezeka, noma ukuhlinzwa, futhi kungaba inselele kakhulu ukuqaphela nokwelapha.

Izimpawu kanye nezimpawu ze-cholecystitis

Izimpawu ze-cholecystitis zingahluka ngobukhulu kanye nobude besikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuqhubekayo kwesokudla noma phakathi nendawo isisu, okungase kukhanye ngemuva noma ehlombe langakwesokudla
• Ubuhlungu buyaqina ngemva kokudla, ikakhulukazi ukudla okunamafutha
• Ubumnene noma ukuvuvukala kwesisu esingenhla kwesokudla
• I-nausea kanye nokuhlanza
• Umkhuhlane wezinga eliphansi nokugodola
• Umbala ophuzi wesikhumba kanye nomhlophe wamehlo (i-Jaundice)
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso nokwehlisa isisindo 
• Ukuzwa ukugcwala kwesisu noma ukuqunjelwa

Izimbangela Nezingozi Ze-cholecystitis

Isizathu esiyinhloko se-cholecystitis amatshe enyongo, amancane, ama-deposit aqinile akha ku-gallbladder. Lawa matshe angavimba umgudu we-cystic, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-bile kanye nokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka kanye nezici zobungozi ze-cholecystitis zifaka:

• Ukukhuluphala: Ukuba ukhuluphele futhi ukuphila ngendlela enganyakazi kungandisa amathuba okwakheka kwe-gallstone kanye ne-cholecystitis.
• Ukukhulelwa: Ukushintsha kwamahomoni kanye nokukhula kwesidingo senyongo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwe-cholecystitis.
• Ukuncipha okusheshayo kwesisindo: Ukuncipha okungazelelwe, okuphawulekayo kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwe-gallstones kanye ne-cholecystitis.
• Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi, njengamaphilisi okulawula inzalo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ukwehlisa i-cholesterol izidakamizwa, ziye zahlotshaniswa nethuba elikhulayo lokwakheka kwe-gallstone.
• Izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-cirrhosis, nesifo sika-Crohn nazo zingandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-cholecystitis.
• I-Tumor: Izimila kanye nama-cysts kungavimbela i-bile ukuthi ingaphumi ku-gallbladder, kubangele i-bile buildup futhi kuholele ku-cholecystitis.

Izinkinga ze-Cholecystitis

Nakuba i-cholecystitis ingelashwa ngokuphumelelayo ezimweni eziningi, uma ishiywe ingalungiswanga, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, njenge:

• Enye yezinkinga ezimbi kakhulu ze-cholecystitis ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gallbladder perforation. Kungenzeka lapho ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder kuba kubi kakhulu, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kodonga lwe-gallbladder. Lokhu kubhoboza kungaholela ekuvuzeni kwenyongo nokunye okungaphakathi emgodini wesisu, okuholela esimweni esingase sibe yingozi empilweni eyaziwa nge-bile peritonitis.
• Enye inkinga engaba khona ye-cholecystitis ukwakheka kwe-a ithumba le-gallbladder. Leli thumba lenzeka lapho ukuvuvukala ku-gallbladder kuholela ekukhuleni kwephakethe lendawo lobovu. Amathumba e-Gallbladder angaba yingozi kakhulu, njengoba angaqhuma futhi asakaze izifo emzimbeni wonke.
• I-cholecystitis nayo ingaholela ekukhuleni kwe-gallstone ileus, isimo lapho i-gallstone ingena khona emathunjini, ivimbe ukugeleza kwe-gallstone. ukudla okugayiwe. Kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza futhi kungase kudinge ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo ukuze kususwe lokho okuvimbayo.
• Kwezinye izimo, i-cholecystitis engalashwa ingaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-acute cholangitis, ukutheleleka kwe-bile ducts. Lokhu kutheleleka kungaba inkinga esongela ukuphila, njengoba kungasakaza ukutheleleka kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cholecystitis 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cholecystitis ngokuvamile kuqala ngomlando wezokwelapha ophelele nokuhlolwa komzimba: 

• Umlando wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zesiguli, njengokungakhululeki kwesisu noma ubuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza, futhi angase abuze nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezicashile noma izici eziyingozi.
• Ukuhlola ngokomzimba: Phakathi nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela cishe uzoshaya isisu ukuze ahlole ukuthamba noma ukuvuvukala ku-quadrant engenhla kwesokudla, lapho i-gallbladder ikhona. Bangase futhi benze ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-Murphy's sign, okubandakanya ukucindezela isisu ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okujulile. Uma lokhu kuqondisa kubangela ubuhlungu, kungabonisa ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder.
• I-Ultrasound: I-ultrasound yesisu ingenye esetshenziswa kakhulu izivivinyo zokuxilonga nge-cholecystitis. Le nqubo yokuthwebula engabonakali ingasiza ekuboneni amatshe enyongo, ukuvuvukala, noma ukujiya kodonga lwesinye. I-Ultrasound ingaphinde inikeze ulwazi mayelana nosayizi nokuma kwe-gallbladder, okungasiza ekunqumeni ubucayi besimo.
• Izivivinyo ezengeziwe: Okunye ukuhlola okungase kube usizo i-CT scan yesisu. Le ndlela yokuthwebula inganikeza ulwazi olunzulu mayelana nenyongo nezakhiwo ezizungezile. Kungase kube yinzuzo ezimeni lapho ukuxilongwa kungacacile, noma kusolwa izinkinga.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angase ayale ukuhlaziya igazi, njengokuthi ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (LFT) futhi isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC). Lokhu kuhlola kungakhomba ubukhona bokutheleleka noma ezinye izimo ezikhona ezibangela izimpawu zesiguli.

Ukwelashwa kwe-cholecystitis

Ukwelashwa kwe-cholecystitis ngokuvamile kuncike ebucayi besimo kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga.

• Ukwelashwa okulondolozayo: Ezimweni ezibucayi ze-cholecystitis, ukuphathwa kokuqala kungase kuhilele izinyathelo zokulondoloza, ezifana nokwelashwa kobuhlungu be-cholecystitis kanye izinguquko zokudla. Isiguli singase siyalwe ukuba sigweme ukudla okunamafutha noma okunamafutha, okwenza isimo sibe sibi. Odokotela bangase futhi banikeze imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma i-cholecystitis inzima kakhulu noma isiguli sibhekene nezinkinga, udokotela angase ancoma ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Inqubo evamile yokuhlinzwa yokwelapha i-cholecystitis i-cholecystectomy, okubandakanya ukukhipha inyongo.
• I-cholecystectomy ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-open noma i-invasive encane (laparoscopic) sondela. Ku-cholecystectomy evulekile, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision enkulu engxenyeni engenhla yesisu ukuze afinyelele ku-gallbladder. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ku- laparoscopic cholecystectomy, udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa izimbobo ezincane kanye nekhamera encane (i-laparoscope) ukuze aqondise inqubo.
• I-cholecystectomy ye-laparoscopic ngokuvamile iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ethandwayo, njengoba ihlotshaniswa nesikhathi esifushane sokululama kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase anqume ukuthi i-cholecystectomy evulekile iyindlela efanelekile, njengokuthi isiguli siye sahlinzwa ngaphambili kwesisu noma uma kukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nobunzima benqubo.
• Ama-antibiotics: Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okuhlinzayo, udokotela angase anikeze ama-antibiotics ukusiza ukuphatha noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo noma ukuvimbela izinkinga, ezifana ne-gallbladder perforation noma ithumba.

Isiphetho

I-Cholecystitis yisifo esibi kakhulu isimo sezokwelapha okungase kubangele uhla lwezinkinga ezingase zibe sengozini yokuphila uma zingalawulwa kahle. Ngokuqonda ubungozi obungaba khona kanye nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, abantu abane-cholecystitis bangasebenza nodokotela babo ukuze benze uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele futhi banciphise amathuba okuba nezinkinga.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Iyini imbangela ehamba phambili ye-cholecystitis?

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-cholecystitis yi-gallstones. Ama-gallstones angavimba kancane noma avimbe ngokuphelele i-bile duct, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-bile ku-gallbladder futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala. Ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-cholecystitis zihlanganisa ukutheleleka, ukulimala ku-gallbladder, nezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ezifana isifo sikashukela noma ukukhuluphala.

2. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okubonisa ukuthi une-cholecystitis?

Ukuhlaziywa okuningana kokuxilonga kungaqinisekisa ubukhona be-cholecystitis. Okunye ukuhlola okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-ultrasound yesisu, engasiza ekuboneni amatshe enyongo nanoma yikuphi ukuvuvukala noma ukujiya kodonga lwenyongo. Okunye ukuhlola okungase kube kuhle nge-cholecystitis kuhlanganisa i-CT scan yesisu, ukuhlolwa kwegazi (njengama-CBC nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi), kanye nokuhlola okwaziwa ngokuthi uphawu luka-Murphy, okuhlanganisa ukucindezela isisu ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okujulile ukuze kuzwakale ubuhlungu.

3. Ingabe i-cholecystitis ingelapheka ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa?

Kwezinye izimo, izimo ezithambile ze-cholecystitis zingaphathwa ngokwelashwa okuvamile, njenge ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, ukuguqulwa kokudla, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu noma uma kuvela izinkinga, ukuhlinzwa (ngokuvamile ngendlela ye-cholecystectomy noma ukukhishwa kwe-gallbladder) kuvame ukunconywa ukwelashwa.

CARE Medical Team

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