Izandla Ezibandayo

Izandla ezibandayo ziyinkinga evamile abantu abaningi ababhekana nayo, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo noma ezindaweni ezineziphephetha-moya. Lokhu akukhona nje ukuphazamiseka okuncane, okuvame ukubangela ukungakhululeki futhi kuthinte imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ukuqonda izimbangela zezandla ezibandayo kubalulekile ukuze uthole izixazululo ezisebenzayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izizathu zezandla ezibandayo eziqhubekayo, kusukela ekungadluliseli kahle kwegazi kuya ezimeni zezempilo ezibucayi kakhulu. 

Ziyini Izandla Ezibandayo?

Izandla ezibandayo ziyinto evamile abantu abaningi abahlangabezana nayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibandayo noma ezindaweni ezineziphephetha-moya. Ezikhathini eziningi, lapho izandla zibanda, kumane kuwukuthi wonke umzimba uyabanda, futhi. Lokhu kusabela kwemvelo komzimba ukuvikela izitho ezibalulekile ezimweni ezibandayo.

Umzimba unomshini wokonga ukushisa ngokukhawulela ukugeleza kwegazi ezandleni. Igazi lihamba lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezandleni ngemithambo ye-ulnar kanye ne-radial engalweni. Lapho evezwe emakhazeni, imisipha ezungeze le mithambo iyaqina, iqondise kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile njenge inhliziyo futhi amaphaphu.

Kodwa-ke, uma izandla zizwa zibanda ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa anethezekile, kungase kubonise inkinga ecashile ethinta ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kubanda okungapheli kungase kube uphawu lwezimo ezihlukahlukene zempilo ezithinta ukuhamba kwegazi.

Izimpawu Zezandla Ezibandayo

Izandla ezibandayo ziyinto evamile. Ngezinye izikhathi zingase zihambisane nezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonise inkinga yezempilo ecashile. Lezi izi:

• Ukushintsha Umbala Wesikhumba: Izindawo ezithintekile zingase zibonakale ziphaphathekile noma zibe nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi eminweni. Lokhu kushintsha kombala kuvame ukubangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe kuya emaphethelweni.
• Ubuhlungu noma Ukungaphatheki kahle: Kungaba ubuhlungu obuncane kuze kube nomuzwa onamandla kakhulu, oshayayo. 
• Ukuluma noma Ukuba Ndikindiki Eminweni: Kungase kuvele ukuzwa kokuluma, okungase kuphazamise phakathi nemisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Izilonda eminweni: Lezi zilonda ezincane, ezibuhlungu zingavela lapho ukugeleza kwegazi ezandleni kuvinjelwe kakhulu isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isikhumba esisezandleni singase sizizwe siqinile noma siqine kunokujwayelekile, okubonisa ukulimala kwezicubu okungenzeka.

Imbangela kanye Nengozi izici zezandla ezibandayo

Izandla ezibandayo zingabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise: 

• Ukujikeleza Okubi: Uma ubhekene namakhaza, umzimba uqondisa kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile, okubangela ukuba izandla zizwe zibanda. 
• I-Raynaud's Syndrome: Lesi simo sidala ukuthi imithambo yegazi eseminweni ibambene kungazelelwe, okuholela ekushintsheni kombala nokubanda. 
• Izinkinga ze-Autoimmune: I-Lupus ne-scleroderma nazo zingabangela izandla ezibandayo, ngokuvamile ezihlotshaniswa nesifo sikaRaynaud.
• I-Hypothyroidism: Kungakhuphula ukuzwela emakhazeni, kwenze izandla zizwe zibanda kunokujwayelekile. 
• Ukushoda Kwevithamini: Ukushoda kwe Amavithamini afana ne-B-12 kungase kubangele izimpawu zezinzwa, kuhlanganise nezandla ezibandayo.
• Isifo senhliziyo: Babangela i-atherosclerosis, ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, futhi okungenzeka kuholele ezandleni ezibandayo.

Izici zengozi zihlanganisa: 

• Ukubhema, okunciphisa imithambo yegazi
• Diabetes, okungase kuthinte ukujikeleza kwegazi. 
• Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezibandayo 
• Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamathuluzi adlidlizayo kungathinta ukugeleza kwegazi ezandleni.

Izinkinga

Izandla ezibandayo ngokuvamile azisona isizathu sokukhathazeka okukhulu. Akuvamile, zingaholela ezinkingeni, ikakhulukazi uma zihlotshaniswa nezimo zempilo ezingaphansi. 

• Ukulimala Kwezicubu: Uma ukugeleza kwegazi ezandleni kuvinjelwe njalo, kungaholela ekungeneni kwe-oksijini nomsoco ezicutshini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungabangela izilonda eminweni noma ezandleni. Lezi zilonda zingaba buhlungu futhi zingaholela ekulimaleni unomphela uma zingelashwa.
• I-Gangrene: Uma izilonda zinzima futhi zingelashwa isikhathi eside, kuba sengozini yokuthola i-gangrene. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu, okudinga ukunqunywa kwesandla noma iminwe ethintekile.

Sifo

Ukuhlonza imbangela yezandla ezibandayo ngokuvamile kuqala ngokuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba nokubuyekeza umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kanye nezimpawu zezandla ezibandayo. 

• Ukuhlolwa Kokuvuselela Ukubanda: Odokotela bangase benze ukuhlolwa kokuvuselela amakhaza lapho kusolwa isenzakalo sikaRaynaud. Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukucwilisa izandla zesiguli emanzini ayiqhwa bese kukala ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomunwe libuyele kwesijwayelekile. Cishe ikhombisa ukwenzeka kukaRaynaud uma kuthatha imizuzu engama-20 noma ngaphezulu.
• Izivivinyo ezengeziwe: Odokotela bangase batuse ezinye izivivinyo ukuhlonza noma yiziphi iziyaluyalu ezicashile ezibangela izandla ezibandayo. Lezi zivivinyo zingabandakanya: 
  • I-Nailfold Capillaroscopy: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, ithonsi lamafutha lifakwa ngaphansi kozipho bese lihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kutholwe imithambo engavamile, okungase kuphakamise izimo ezifana ne-scleroderma.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhumusha ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe-antinuclear antibody (ANA), i-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-C-reactive protein. 

Ukwelashwa Kwezandla Ezibandayo

Ukwelashwa kwezandla ezibandayo kuncike kusizathu esiyimbangela:

• Kubantu abane atherosclerosis, odokotela bangase batuse ukushintsha indlela yokuphila (ukugcina isisindo esisesilinganisweni nokuzivocavoca njalo). Bangase futhi banikeze ama-statins ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Ezimweni ze-anemia, izinketho zokwelashwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Ukwengezwa kwensimbi kanye nezinguquko zokudla kuyizincomo ezivamile. 
• Kulabo abanesifo sikaRaynaud, amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka nokugwema izindawo ezibandayo kungasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela bangase batusa imithi.
• Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza kwegazi kanye nempilo yenhliziyo, abantu bangalandela ukudla okunempilo, bavivinye umzimba njalo, bagcine isisindo esisesilinganisweni, futhi balawule ukucindezeleka. 
• Kwezinye izimo, imithi ingase ibekwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwegazi. Lezi zingabandakanya ama-anticoagulants, ama-antidepressants, nama-calcium channel blockers. 
• Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezifana ne-sympathectomy noma i-vascular bypass zingacatshangelwa ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba izandla ezibandayo ngokuvamile ziyimpendulo evamile ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Xhumana nodokotela uma: 

• Uma umuntu eba nezandla ezibandayo njalo ezimeni ezingavamile, njengalapho engavezwanga emoyeni opholile
• Uma kunezimpawu ezibeleselayo zezandla ezibandayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nezimpawu ezithile njengokushintsha kombala wesikhumba, nezandla ezibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezimhlophe.
• Uma umuntu ezwa ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuluma ezandleni
• Uma umuntu enezinhlungu noma ukuvuvukala ezandleni, kanye nezilonda eziphola kancane noma izilonda

Prevention

Ukuvimbela izandla ezibandayo kuhilela ukwamukela izinguquko ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kanye nezinyathelo zokuzivikela. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Elinye lamasu asebenza kahle kakhulu ukukhawulela ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezibandayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukugqoka izinto ezifudumele ezifanele, njengamagilavu ​​noma ama-mittens, kubalulekile ukuze uvikele izandla emazingeni okushisa abandayo. Ama-Mittens ngokuvamile asebenza kangcono kunamagilavu, okuvumela iminwe ukwabelana ngokufudumele.
• Ukugcina ukufudumala komzimba wonke kubalulekile ngokufanayo. Ukwendlalela izingubo, ukusebenzisa isikhafu nokugqoka isigqoko kungasiza ukugcina ukushisa komzimba, kunciphisa amathuba okuba izandla ezibandayo. 
• Odokotela ngokuvamile bayeluleka ukugqoka izingubo ezixegayo, njengoba izingubo ezimpintshayo zinganqanda ukugeleza kwegazi futhi zibe nomthelela emakhazeni.
• Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuvivinya umzimba kwansuku zonke, okuhlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba okulula njengokuhamba noma ukunyakaza kwezandla, kungathuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezandleni. 
• Ukudla ukudla okuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, njengezinhlanzi ezinamafutha, amantongomane namafutha omnqumo, kungaba yinzuzo. I-Ginger yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ze-thermogenic. Ingasiza ukufudumala umzimba uma iphuzwa njengetiye.
• Gwema izinto ezingakhinyabeza imithambo yegazi, njengogwayi, utshwala obudlulele, ne-caffeine. Lokhu kungenza zibe zimbi kakhulu izimpawu zezandla ezibandayo. Kunalokho, khetha iziphuzo ezifudumele, ezingenayo i-caffeine ukusiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba.
• Ukulandela inqubo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba evikela izandla nokusebenzisa amasu afana nokubhucungwa kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi nokuvimbela izandla ezibandayo.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda izimbangela zezandla ezibandayo kubalulekile ukuze kubhekwane nenkinga ngempumelelo. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokugcina izandla zifudumele futhi zikhululekile, Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yemvelo, izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi, noma izimo zempilo ezingaphansi. Abantu bangathuthukisa impilo yezandla zabo kanye nempilo yonke ngokuhlala benolwazi futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo, baqinisekise ukuthi izandla ezibandayo aziphazamisi impilo yansuku zonke noma zibonise ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Zibonisani izandla ezibandayo?

Izandla ezibandayo zivame ukukhombisa ukwehla kwegazi ukuya emaphethelweni. Lokhu kungaba ukusabela okuvamile emazingeni okushisa abandayo noma ingcindezi. Kodwa-ke, izandla ezibandayo ezingapheli zingaphakamisa izimo ezingaphansi ezithinta ukuhamba kwegazi. 

2. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela izandla ezibandayo?

Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12, ingaba nomthelela ezandleni ezibandayo. Ukuntuleka kwe-B12 kungase kubangele izimpawu zemizwa, kuhlanganise nokuzwa kwezandla ezibandayo nezinyawo, ukungabi namandla, noma ukuluma. Ukushoda kwe-ayoni i-anemia kungase futhi kubangele izandla ezibandayo ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwa komoyampilo kwezicubu.

3. Uziphatha kanjani izandla ezibandayo?

Ukwelashwa kwezandla ezibandayo kuncike kumbangela. Amasu ajwayelekile ahlanganisa ukugqoka amagilavu ​​afudumele, ukubeka izingubo ezifudumele, ukulawula ingcindezi, nokuvikela izandla ekuchayekeni amakhaza. Ezindabeni zokujikeleza kwegazi, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokugwema ugwayi notshwala obudlulele kungasiza. Imithi noma ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila kungase kunconywe ezimeni ze-Raynaud's syndrome. Hlala uthintana nodokotela ukuze uthole izinketho zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe.

4. Ingabe izandla ezibandayo zisho ukucindezeleka?

Ukucindezeleka kungabangela izandla ezibandayo ngempela. Uma ubhekene nengcindezi noma ukukhathazeka, umzimba ukhipha amahomoni afana ne-adrenaline, engacindezela imithambo yegazi futhi iqondise kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi kude namaphethelo. Lokhu 'kulwa noma ukundiza' kungaholela ezandleni ezibandayo. 

5. Ingabe umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangela izandla ezibandayo?

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngokwawo awubangeli izandla ezibandayo. Nokho, imithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme ingase ibe nemiphumela engemihle, kuhlanganise nezandla ezibandayo. Ukwengeza, izimo ezithinta ukugeleza kwegazi, njenge-peripheral artery disease, zingabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu nezandla ezibandayo. 

UDkt Ather Pasha

MBBS, MD, FACP
I-CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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