Umjuluko Obandayo

Ukujuluka okubandayo kungaba yinto edabukisayo, eshiya abantu bezizwa bedabukile futhi bengakhululekile. Lesi simo senzeka lapho umzimba ukhipha umjuluko ngaphandle kokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okujwayelekile. 

Ukujuluka okubandayo kungaba nomthelela ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi kungase kube uphawu lwezimo eziningi zempilo. Kusukela ekukhathazekeni nasekucindezelekeni kuya ekukhathazekeni okukhulu kakhulu kwezempilo, izizathu zokujuluka okubandayo zihlukahlukene. Ukuqonda izimbangela zokujuluka okubandayo kanye nokubona izimpawu zabo kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale izinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona kanye nokufuna ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ayini Izithukuthuku Ezibandayo?

Ukujuluka okubandayo kuyisenzakalo esiyingqayizivele lapho umuntu ejuluka ngenkathi ebanda noma ebanda. Ngokungafani nokujuluka okuvamile, okwenzeka ngenxa yokushisa noma ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ukujuluka okubandayo akuhlobene nendlela yokupholisa umzimba. Zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo futhi zingathinta izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, kuhlanganise nezintende, amakhwapha, namathe ezinyawo.

Izithukuthuku ezibandayo zivame ukuhlotshaniswa 'nokulwa noma ukundiza' komzimba. Le mpendulo ilungiselela umzimba wethu ukuba lawula ukucindezeleka noma ingozi. Izici ezingokomzimba noma ezingokwengqondo zingadala le mpendulo. Phakathi nesiqephu sokujuluka okubandayo, umuntu angase azizwe eshaywa umoya futhi ebanda ngasikhathi sinye, enesikhumba esimanzi nesimanzi.

Izimbangela Zokujuluka Kwamakhaza

Lokhu okulandelayo yizimbangela ezivamile zokujuluka okubandayo:

• ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokwethuka kungase kubangele ukujuluka okubandayo njengengxenye yokusabela komzimba ngokucindezeleka.
• Ukwethuka ngenxa yokulimala kanzima, ukungezwani komzimba, noma izifo ezinjengomkhuhlane noma i-COVID-19 
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ukujuluka okubandayo kungase kube uphawu lwe-sepsis, isimo esibucayi lapho amasosha omzimba esabela ekuthelelekeni okunzima.
• Ubuhlungu bokulimala noma izimo ezinjengamatshe ezinso nazo zingaholela ekujulukeni okubandayo.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (CAD), lapho ukwakheka koqweqwe emithanjeni kunganciphisa ukutholakala kwegazi enhliziyweni futhi kubangele ukujuluka okubandayo
• Ukujuluka okubandayo kungaba esinye sezimpawu zokuqala eziyisixwayiso zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• Ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) kungesinye isizathu esingaba yimjuluko obandayo. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa imishanguzo ye-insulin. 
• Ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, njengendlala yegilo esebenza ngokweqile kanye noshintsho lwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.

Izimpawu Zokujuluka Okubandayo

Umjuluko obandayo, owaziwa nangokuthi i-diaphoresis, yiziqephu zokujuluka okungazelelwe ezingahlobene nokushisa noma ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Ngokungafani nokujuluka okuvamile, ukujuluka okubandayo kwenza abantu bazizwe bekhululekile futhi bebanda ngasikhathi sinye. Isikhumba sivame ukucwebezela futhi sipholile lapho usithinta, sibe nezintende ezimanzi nokubukeka okuphaphathekile.

Lezi ziqephu zingahambisana nezinye izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, kuye ngembangela ewumsuka. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokujuluka okubandayo zihlanganisa: 

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• I-pulse ebuthakathaka
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• isiyezi
• Ukungabi namandla 
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Ukudideka
• Lightheadedness, ikakhulukazi lapho esukuma
• Ukuphazamiseka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Abanye abantu bangase futhi babone izinguquko esimweni sabo sengqondo, njengokukhathazeka, ukucasuka, noma ukungahlaliseki. 

Ukuxilongwa Kwamaswidi Abandayo

Ukuthola imbangela yokujuluka okubandayo kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele kukadokotela. 

• Ukubuyekezwa Komlando Wezokwelapha: Ngesikhathi sokubonisana, udokotela angase abuze mayelana nemvamisa kanye nobude beziqephu zokujuluka okubandayo, izimpawu ezihambisanayo, kanye nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona.
• Odokotela bangase benze izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zokuxilonga ukuze bathole isizathu esiyisisekelo sokujuluka okubandayo. Lokhu kungafaka: 
• Uphenyo lwegazi lokuhlola izifo, ukungalingani kwamahomoni, nokuhlolwa kukashukela egazini
• I-electrocardiogram (ECG) yokuhumusha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo futhi ikhiphe izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Izifundo zokucabanga ezifana ne-X-ray yesifuba noma izikena ze-CT zokuhlola izitho zangaphakathi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo ukuze kukhishwe ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka

Ukwelapha Ukujuluka Okubandayo

Ukwelashwa kwezithukuthuku ezibandayo ngokuyinhloko kubhekana nembangela eyinhloko esikhundleni sophawu ngokwalo, okuhlanganisa:

• Lapho ukujuluka okubandayo kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, ukuzindla kanye namasu okuphumula kungasiza ukuzola umzimba nokubuyisela amaphethini okuphefumula avamile. 
• Ngokujuluka okubandayo okubangelwa izimo zezokwelapha, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi ethile. Lokhu kungahlanganisa imithi elwa nokujuluka kadokotela, izivimbela mizwa ukuze kuvinjelwe izimpawu zokujuluka zingafinyeleli ebuchosheni, amaphilisi okucindezeleka, noma ngisho nemijovo ye-Botox ukuze kuvinjwe izimpawu zezinzwa eziheha umjuluko.
• Ezimeni zokushaqeka, izifo ezinzima, noma ukulimala okubi kakhulu, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe umonakalo wesikhathi eside. 
• Ngokufanayo, uma ukujuluka okubandayo kubangelwa isifo senhliziyo, usizo lwezokwelapha olusheshayo luyadingeka.
• Ngezimo eziyisisekelo ezifana nokukhathazeka noma menopause okubangela ukujuluka okubandayo, odokotela bangasebenza neziguli ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokulawula izimpawu oluhambisana nezidingo zabo ezithile.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Izithukuthuku ezibandayo ngezinye izikhathi zingabonisa izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo; ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ezimweni ezithile kubalulekile. 

• Uma ukujuluka okubandayo kwenzeka kanye nezimpawu ezinjengokushisa okukhulu, ukudideka, ukuphefumula ngokushesha, noma ukuphefumula kanzima,
• Uma abantu bezwa ukujuluka okubandayo ngenxa yokungakhululeki kwesifuba, intamo, umhlathi, iqolo, noma ikhanda elilula
• Uma ukujuluka okubandayo kuhambisana nokushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwezinzipho noma izindebe, umphimbo oqinile, noma ukuphuma kwegazi emahlanzweni noma ezindle.
• Uma ukujuluka okubandayo kuhlangene nokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ubuhlungu 

Amakhambi Asekhaya Emijuluko Ebandayo

Nakuba ukujuluka okubandayo kungase kube uphawu lwezimo ezingaphansi, amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasiza ekulawuleni: 

• Ukuhlala u-hydrated kubalulekile, ngakho ukuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke kungavimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okungase kube nomthelela ekujulukeni okubandayo. Lapho benokujuluka okubandayo, abantu bangazama ukubuyisela amanzi emanzini, ngejusi, noma ngolunye uketshezi ukuze bagcwalise uketshezi olulahlekile.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka nokulawula ukwesaba kuyizici ezibalulekile zokuvimbela ukujuluka okubandayo. 
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo kunganciphisa amazinga okucindezeleka futhi kuthuthukise impilo yonke. 
• Ukugwema imikhuba elimazayo njengokubhema noma ukuphuza ngokweqile kungase kusize ekuvimbeleni ukujuluka okubandayo.
• Ezimweni lapho ukujuluka okubandayo kuhambisana nomkhuhlane, ukuphumula nokusebenzisa ingubo lapho uzizwa ubanda kunganikeza induduzo. 

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ukujuluka okubandayo kuhilela ukubhekana nezizathu ezingase zibe umjuluko obandayo kanye nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila. 

• Ukugcina i-hydration efanele kubalulekile. Ukuphuza amanzi afanele usuku lonke kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni kwamanzi emzimbeni, okungaba nomthelela ekujulukeni okubandayo. 
• Ukuzivivinya njalo kungase kunciphise amathuba okuba ube nokujuluka okubandayo.
• Ukugwema imikhuba ethile kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukujuluka okubandayo. Ukunciphisa utshwala ne-caffeine, kanye nokuyeka ukusebenzisa ugwayi nezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, kungase kunciphise ingozi. 
• Kulabo abanokujuluka ebusuku, ukulala endaweni epholile nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokupholisa efana nomatilasi noma imicamelo kunganikeza impumuzo.
• Ukulawula ukwesaba nokunciphisa ukushukunyiswa ngokocansi kungamaqhinga engeziwe okulawula ukujuluka okubandayo. 
• Ukwelapha izimo ezikhona, njenge-hypoglycemia, kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni iziqephu zokujuluka ezibandayo. 

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuvimbela noma ukulawula ukujuluka okubandayo ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi uma kuyizimpawu zezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo.

Isiphetho

Ukujuluka okubandayo kungathinta kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke futhi kungase kubonise izinkinga zempilo ezidinga ukunakwa. Ngokubona izimpawu nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha olufika ngesikhathi, abantu ngabanye bangakwazi ukubhekana nokukhathazeka okungenzeka kwezempilo futhi bathuthukise inhlalakahle yabo iyonke. Khumbula, nakuba amakhambi asekhaya anganikeza impumuzo, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela uma ukujuluka okubandayo kuqhubeka noma kuhambisana nezimpawu ezikhathazayo. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele, okuholela emiphumeleni engcono yezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ukujuluka okubandayo kubonisani?

Ukujuluka okubandayo kungabonisa izimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokushaqeka, izifo, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo. Zivame ukukhombisa impendulo 'yokulwa noma indiza' yomzimba ekucindezelekeni noma engozini. Kwezinye izimo, ukujuluka okubandayo kungase kube uphawu lwe- isifo senhliziyo. Isifo senhliziyo ngokuvamile sibonakala njengokujuluka okubandayo kanye nobuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

2. Yini okufanele uyenze lapho uzwa ukujuluka okubandayo?

Lapho ubhekene nokujuluka okubandayo, ukuhlala u-hydrated futhi uzama izindlela zokuphumula uma ingcindezi iyimbangela ibalulekile. Uma ukujuluka okubandayo kuqhubeka noma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu besifuba noma ukudideka, ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kubalulekile.

3. Yikuphi ukushoda okubangela ukujuluka okubandayo?

Nakuba ukujuluka okubandayo ngokuvamile akubangelwa ukuntula izakhi zomzimba, iron ukuntula I-anemia ingabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala nokuphefumula, okungase kuhambisane nokujuluka. Kodwa-ke, izithukuthuku ezibandayo zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

4. Ingabe izinkinga zenhliziyo zingabangela ukujuluka okubandayo?

Yebo, izinkinga zenhliziyo zingabangela ukujuluka okubandayo. Ukujuluka ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi uma ungazivocavoci, kungaba isixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezinkinga zenhliziyo. Ukujuluka ebusuku nakho kuwuphawu oluvamile kwabesifazane abanenkinga yenhliziyo.

5. Ukujuluka okubandayo kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude bezithukuthuku ezibandayo buhluka kuye ngembangela ewumsuka. Zingase zihlale imizuzu embalwa noma ziphikelele isikhathi eside. Uma izithukuthuku ezibandayo zivame noma isikhathi eside, kuhle ukubonana nodokotela.

UDkt. Mazher Ali

MBBS, MD (Psychiatry)
CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529