ukuqunjelwa

Ukuqunjelwa, inkinga evamile yokugaya ukudla, kuthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke. Naphezu kokwanda kwakho, ukuqunjelwa kusewumzabalazo othule kwabaningi, ngokuvamile kubangela ukungakhululeki nokukhungatheka. Umuzwa ophikelelayo wokungakwazi ukukhipha amathumbu ngokugcwele ungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yansuku zonke, ubangele ukukhungatheka, ukucasuka, ukukhathala, nobunzima bokugxila. Kule bhulogi ebanzi, ake sihlole izici ezihlukahlukene zokuqunjelwa, okuhlanganisa izimpawu zako, izimbangela, izici eziyingozi, izinkinga, ukuxilongwa, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha. Futhi, ake sihlole amakhambi emvelo, amasu okuvimbela, kanye nesikhathi sokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. 

Izimpawu Zokuqunjelwa

Ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqunjelwa kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nalesi simo ngokushesha. Ubunzima nobude balokhu kubonakaliswa kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Abantu abaqunjelwa bangase bakhiphe amathumbu angaphansi kwamathathu ngesonto, baphume indle eqinile noma enezigaxa, futhi babe nomuzwa wokuphuma okungaphelele. 
• Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu, isiguli singase sibe nesisu ukuvuvukala, ukungakhululeki, nokukhandleka. 
• Ezimweni ezinzima zokuqunjelwa, ukucindezelwa isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu kungabangela imifantu yendunu noma i-rectal prolapse.
• Abanye abantu bangase futhi babe nezimpawu zesibili ezinjengokulahlekelwa ukudla, ukukhathala, ngisho nokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zingahlobani ngokuqondile nokuqunjelwa, zingenzeka ngenxa yokungakhululeki nokuphazamiseka okuletha nsuku zonke. 

Ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu kanye nokufuna izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele zokuqunjelwa kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ezinye izinkinga.

Izimbangela Zokuqunjelwa

Ukuqonda izimbangela zokuqunjelwa kuyisihluthulelo sokuxazulula umsuka wenkinga. Kunezici ezihlukahlukene ezingaba nomthelela ekuqunjweni, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukungadli kahle i-fiber yokudla kanye nokungatholi uketshezi okwanele kungaba nomthelela ekuqunjweni.
• Indlela yokuphila yokunganyakazi inganciphisa ukugaya nokuphuma kwamathumbu, okuholela ekuqunjweni.
• Eminye imithi, njengama-antacid aqukethe i-calcium noma i-aluminium, ama-antidepressants, ama-opioid, nemithi yomfutho wegazi, ingabangela ukuqunjelwa njengomphumela omubi. 
• Izimo zezempilo eziyisisekelo ezifana i-hypothyroidism, i-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), kanye nokuphazamiseka kwezinzwa kungase kubangele ukuqunjelwa okungapheli.
  • Izimo zengqondo ezifana ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye ukucindezeleka ingase ibe nomthelela ekuhambeni kwamathumbu. Ukuxhumana kwengqondo namathumbu kudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yethu yokugaya ukudla, futhi inhlalakahle engokomzwelo akufanele ishaywe indiva lapho kukhulunywa ngokuqunjelwa. 
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila yansuku zonke, ukuhamba, noma ukuphazamiseka okuvamile ngesikhathi sokudla nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuphumeni kwamathumbu.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Abantu abathile bathambekele kakhulu ekuqunjelweni ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zobungozi, njenge:

• Abantu abadala asebekhulile bavame ukuzwa ukwehla kwe-gastrointestinal motility kanye nokuncipha kwethoni yemisipha kukholoni, okuholela ekuqunjweni.  
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangase babhekane nokuqunjelwa ngenxa yoshintsho lwamahomoni kanye nengcindezi eyenziwa umbungu okhulayo emathunjini.
• Ezinye izici eziyingozi zihlanganisa ukuziphatha kokunganyakazi, ukungadli kahle, kanye kwamanzi emzimbeni. Abantu abadla ukudla okune-fiber ephansi, ukudla okugayiwe okuphezulu, nabangenayo i-hydration kunamathuba amaningi okuthi baqunjelwe. 

Ukuqaphela lezi zici eziyingozi nokusebenzisa ukuguqulwa okufanele kwendlela yokuphila kungasiza ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni ukuqunjelwa ngokuphumelelayo.

Izinkinga

Nakuba ukuqunjelwa ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengesifo esiyingozi, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene uma kungelashwa. Ukuqunjelwa okungamahlalakhona, okuchazwa ngokuba nezimpawu izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu, kungase kubangele ukungqubuzana kwendle, lapho indle eqinile inqwabelana ku-rectum futhi kube nzima ukudlula. Ukungqubuzana kwendle kungase kubangele ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukopha kodongo, ngisho nokuvimbeka kwamathumbu.

Ukuzikhandla ngesikhathi sokukhipha amathumbu kungadala ama-hemorrhoids, avuvukele futhi avuvukele imithambo yegazi ku-rectum ne-anus. Ama-hemorrhoids angabangela ukungakhululeki, ukulunywa, nokopha. 

Ukuqothulwa okunzima isikhathi eside kungase futhi kube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-anal fissures, izinyembezi ezincane emgqeni we-anus, okungase kube buhlungu futhi kungadinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Ungakwazi ukugwema lezi zinkinga ngokubhekana nokuqunjelwa ngokushesha.

Sifo

Ukuhlola ukuqunjelwa kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele komlando wezokwelapha womuntu, izimpawu, nokuhlaziywa komzimba. Udokotela angase enze ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal ukuze ahlole ukungahambi kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. 

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuxilonga, okufana nokuhlolwa kwegazi, i-colonoscopy, noma ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, kungase kubaluleke ukuze kukhishwe izimo zezokwelapha ezicashile.

Ukugcina idayari yokunyakaza kwamathumbu, erekhoda ukuvama, ukungaguquguquki, kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo, nakho kunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile phakathi nenqubo yokuxilonga. Ngokuxilonga ngokunembile imbangela yokuqunjelwa, ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangakha uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo oluhambisana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Ukwelashwa

Izindlela zokwelapha zokuqunjelwa ziyehluka futhi zincike ebucayini kanye nembangela ewumsuka. 

• Ezimeni zokuqunjelwa, ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila njengokwandisa i-fiber yokudla, ukuhlala u-hydrated, nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo kunganikeza impumuzo. Ama-laxative athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawunta, okokuthambisa indle, nama-enema nakho kungase kube usizo ekudambiseni ukuqunjelwa kwesikhashana.
• Ezimweni ezingelapheki, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi esiza ukukhuthaza ukuphuma kwamathumbu noma ukubhekana nezimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuqunjelwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuthembela isikhathi eside kuma-laxative kungaholela ekuthembeleni nasekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwamathumbu. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzelana eduze nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lokwelapha oluzinzile kuyadingeka.

Imithi Yemvelo Yokusiza Ukwelapha Ukuqunjelwa

Ngaphezu kwezinketho zokwelapha zendabuko, amakhambi ahlukahlukene asekhaya wokuqunjelwa angasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, ezihlanganisa: 

• Ukwandisa ukudla okune-fiber yokudla ngokudla izithelo eziningi, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, nemidumba kungandisa ukuqina kwamathumbu. 
• Ukuzijwayeza ukuvivinya umzimba okuvamile ukuze uthuthukise ukuhamba kwamathumbu.
• Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi.
• Ukulawula amazinga okucindezeleka kungaba nomthelela omuhle ukunyakaza kwamathumbu.
• Amakhambi athile ekhambi, njengetiye le-ginger, ijusi yenhlaba, ne-flaxseed, nawo abonise amandla ekudambiseni izimpawu zokuqunjelwa. 
• Ukuphuza uketshezi olufudumele kungashukumisa ukuphuma kwamathumbu futhi kudambise isimiso sokugaya ukudla.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ngaphambi kokufaka lawa makhambi emvelo esimisweni sakho, njengoba angase ahlangane nemithi noma abe nokungavumelani kubantu abathile.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni impilo engcono yokugaya nokuvimbela ukuqunjelwa. Ukwamukela ukudla okunomsoco okunothe nge-fiber, ukuhlala uhlanzekile, nokuzijwayeza ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela kanye nempilo enhle. Ukwengeza, ukulawula amazinga okucindezeleka nokukhuthaza indlela yokuphila enempilo kungaba nomthelela omuhle ekugugeni kwamathumbu.

Ukwakha isimiso sokuphuma kwamathumbu, ukuzivumela isikhathi esanele endlini yangasese, nokugwema ukuziba isifiso sokukhipha ithumbu kuyizindlela ezilula kodwa eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ukuqunjelwa. 

Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela, abantu ngabanye banganciphisa ingozi yokuqunjelwa futhi bagcine inhlalakahle yokugaya ukudla.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ukuqunjelwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuvamile futhi kuvame ukuxazululeka ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, izimo ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Uma izimpawu zokuqunjelwa ziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili futhi zihambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukopha, noma ukuncipha kwesisindo, kubalulekile ukufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha. 

Ngokushesha thintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma ubona izinguquko ezingazelelwe emikhuba yamathumbu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, ukuze ukhiphe noma yiziphi izimo ezikhona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuqunjelwa kuhambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokuhlanza, ukuphuma kwesisu, noma imfiva, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka, njengoba lokhu kungase kube izimpawu zokuvaleka kwamathumbu. 

Isiphetho

Ukuqunjelwa kungase kube umzabalazo buthule, kodwa akuyona into engenakunqotshwa. Ngokuqonda ukubonakaliswa, izimbangela, nezici zobungozi ezihlobene nokuqunjelwa, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo zokubhekana nalesi simo. Ngokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, amakhambi emvelo, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha, ukuqunjelwa kungalawuleka futhi kunqotshwe ngempumelelo. Khumbula, ukugcina impilo enhle yokugaya kubalulekile empilweni yakho yonke, futhi ngokubeka phambili impilo yakho yokugaya ukudla, ungakwazi ukuphinde ukwazi ukulawula futhi uphile impilo engenakho ukuphatheka kabi kokuqunjelwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yini engingayiphuza ngenxa yokuqunjelwa?

Iziphuzo ezithile zingasiza ekukhuthazeni ukunyakaza kwamathumbu lapho ufuna ukukhululeka ekuqunjelweni. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke kubalulekile ukuze ulondoloze amanzi futhi ukhuthaze ukugeleza kwamathumbu okuvamile. Ukwengeza, uketshezi olufudumele olufana netiye le-herbal, ijusi ye-prune, namanzi afudumele kalamula anezakhiwo zemvelo zokuqeda isisu futhi angasiza ekwehliseni ukuqunjelwa.

2. Ingabe Ubhanana ulungele ukuqunjelwa?

I-fiber ephezulu kabhanana ingasiza ekudambiseni ukuqunjelwa. Ziqukethe i-fiber encibilikayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-pectin, esiza ukuthambisa indle futhi ikhuthaze ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuvamile. Ukufaka ubhanana ekudleni kwakho nokunye ukudla okunothe nge-fiber kungaba nomthelela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla okunempilo futhi kuvimbele ukuqunjelwa.

3. Yini ebangela ukuqunjelwa kubantu abadala?

Izici ezihlukahlukene zingabangela ukuqunjelwa kubantu abadala. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuntuleka kwe-fibre yokudla, ukungadli uketshezi olwanele, indlela yokuphila yokungawuvivinyi umzimba, imithi ethile, kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezicashile. Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye ukucindezeleka ingase ibe nomthelela ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu futhi ibe nomthelela ekuqunjweni. 

4. Kunini lapho ukuqunjelwa kuyingozi?

Ukuqunjelwa kungabhekwa njengokubi kakhulu lapho kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili futhi kuhambisana nobuhlungu obunzima, ukopha, ukuncipha komzimba, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwemikhuba yamathumbu, noma izimpawu ezinjengokuhlanza, ukuphuma kwesisu, noma imfiva. Lokhu kungase kubonise izimo zezokwelapha ezicashile noma izinkinga ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 

CARE Medical Team

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