Isifo sikaCrohn

Isifo sikaCrohn sithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke futhi sibeka inselelo enkulu yezempilo ezweni lonke. Lesi simo esingelapheki sivuthisa umgudu wokugaya ukudla futhi siphazamise ukuphila kwansuku zonke kweziguli ezixilongwayo.

Iziguli zingabhekana nezinkinga noma yikuphi ohlelweni lwazo lokugaya ukudla, kusukela emlonyeni kuya endunu, okudala izinselele eziyingqayizivele. Umthelela walesi sifo mkhulu kakhulu - iziguli eziningi zidinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela unyaka ngamunye, kanti ingxenye ihlinzwa phakathi neminyaka eyishumi. Iziguli ezine-Crohn's kukholoni yazo zisengozini enkulu yokuthuthukiswa umdlavuza wekoloni.

Ababhemayo baphinda kabili amathuba abo okuthola lesi sifo sokugaya ukudla. Lesi sifo siletha nezinye izinkinga zezempilo, njengoba ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yeziguli ikhula i-anemia. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala, ukumisa ukuqubuka kwezimpawu, kanye nokusiza iziguli ukuthi zihlale zikhululekile. Lesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngakho konke ngalesi sifo. Izofaka izimbangela zayo nezindlela zokuyiphatha nokuyiphatha.

Siyini Isifo sikaCrohn?

Isifo sikaCrohn yisimo esingapheli esivutha umgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla. Odokotela bayihlukanisa njengesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD). I-Crohn's ihlukile kwezinye izinkinga zokugaya ukudla ngoba ingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yesistimu yakho yokugaya ukudla, kusukela emlonyeni kuya endunu. Amathumbu amancane kanye nokuqala kwamathumbu amakhulu yizona zindawo ezivame ukuthinteka.

Izimpawu ze-Crohn's Disease

Ukuphila nesifo samathumbu esingamahlalakhona kungase kukuqede amandla. Ikhono lakho lokuphatha lesi sifo liyathuthuka uma uqonda izinqubo zomzimba wakho. Ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kukaCrohn, ungathola:

• Persistent isifo sohudo
• Ubuhlungu besisu namajaqamba
• Ukuphuma kwegazi
• Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuhambisa amathumbu
• Ukukhathala namandla aphansi
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Imiphumela kaCrohn idlulela ngalé kwamathumbu akho. Lesi sifo singabangela ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, izinkinga zesikhumba, nezilonda zomlomo. Izingane ezinalesi simo zingase zibe nokubambezeleka ukukhula noma ukuthomba.

Izinkinga ze-Crohn's Disease 

Odokotela abakayikhomba ngqo inhlamvu ye-Crohn's, kodwa izici ezimbalwa ezinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Amasosha akho omzimba angase ahlasele amagciwane anempilo emathunjini akho, okuholela ekuvuvukeni. I-Genetics nayo idlala indima njengoba i-Crohn ivame ukubonakala emindenini futhi iphakamisa ithuba lokuyithola uma kunomlando womndeni. Izinto ezifana nokudla, ukubhema, ukucindezeleka kanye nezifo kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu noma ziholele ekuqubukeni. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa nokuthi amazinga angalingani we-bacterial gut angase abe nomthelela endleleni isifo esikhula ngayo.

Izingozi ze-Crohn's Disease

Ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-Crohn iyanda uma:

• Uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20-29
• Yiba namalungu omndeni ane-IBD
• Yiba nokhokho bamaJuda
• Xhuma ugwayi (iphinda kabili ingozi yakho)
• Yiba nomkhuba wokudla kakhulu ushukela ocolisisiwe, amafutha, nokudla okugayiwe.

Izinkinga ze-Crohn's Disease

I-Crohn's engalashwa ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nalezi: 

• Amathumbu (amathumbu amancane)
• I-Fistulas (imigudu engavamile phakathi kwezitho)
• Ukuvinjwa kwamathumbu
• Ukungondleki 
• I-Fistulas 

Ukuxilongwa Kwesifo sikaCrohn

Umlando wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzobuza imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho kanye nemikhuba yakho yamathumbu. Bazobuza ngomlando womndeni wakho wesifo esifanayo. Udokotela wakho uhlola nokuthambile kwesisu nokuvuvukala.

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo eziningi ukuze baqinisekise i-Crohn's:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuthola ukuvuvukala kanye ne-anemia
• Ucwaningo lwendle luveza igazi noma ukutheleleka
• I-Colonoscopy ihlola ikholoni yakho
• I-CT scan noma i-MRI inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane

Ukwelashwa Kwezifo zikaCrohn

Odokotela abakalitholi ikhambi lesifo sika-Crohn okwamanje, kodwa ukwelashwa kungalawula izimpawu, ukuqubuka okuphansi, futhi kugcine ukuthethelelwa kuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Imithi:
  • Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala yokwehlisa ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu
  • Abacindezeli bamasosha omzimba ukuthulisa amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile
  • Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane yokwelashwa kokutheleleka
  • Imithi yokulwa nesifo sohudo 
• Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila Nokudla: Unganciphisa ukuqubuka ngoku:
  • Ukudla okuncane, ukudla okuvamile 
  • Ukusika ukudla okudala inkinga, njengezitsha ezibabayo noma ezinamafutha kanye nezinto ezinefiber ephezulu
  • Ukuphuza amanzi anele
  • Ukuyeka ukubhema
  • Ukulawula ukucindezeleka
  • Ukuhlala usebenza 
• Nutritional Therapy: Ukulinganisa izidingo zokudla okunomsoco 
• Ukuhlinzwa: Odokotela batusa ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ukwelapha:
  • Ukuqina kwamathumbu
  • UFistula
  • Ukopha kakhulu emathunjini
  • Lapho imithi ingasasebenzi 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu anegazi
• Akuchaziwe imfiva
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Isiphetho

Isifo sikaCrohn singaba inselele ezigulini eziningi. Lesi simo samathumbu sithinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile, kodwa ukufunda ngaso kungenza ukuphatha izimpawu kube lula. Odokotela bangaphakamisa izindlela zokwelapha eziningana zokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela ukuqubuka. Ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kungase kuthathe isikhathi.

Ukuthola iziqondiso kusenesikhathi ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono. Izindlela zokwelapha ziqhubeka ziba ngcono ngentuthuko yezokwelapha, okuletha ithemba ezigulini ezisanda kutholwa. Abantu abaningi baphila izimpilo ezinenjongo ngokuphatha ngokucophelela, naphezu kokuba uCrohn egula.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sakho. Ukuhlolwa njalo kusiza ukulandelela impilo yakho futhi kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bashintshe izindlela zokwelapha uma kunesidingo. 

Ukuphila noCrohn kuletha izikhathi ezingalindelekile. Ngosizo lwezokwelapha olufanele, ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, nokusekelwa abantu abaningi bafunda ukukwenza 
ukumelana nokuchuma. Umgomo usekusingatheni izimpawu kuyilapho ujabulela izingxenye zempilo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngaphandle kokugula.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-Crohn iyelapheka?

Isayensi yezokwelapha ayikatholi ikhambi lesifo sika-Crohn okwamanje. Ukwelashwa okufanele kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala okubangela izimpawu. Iziguli eziningi ziphila ukuphila okumatasa, okwanelisayo ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukukhululwa - isikhathi esingenazo izimpawu noma izimpawu. Cishe ingxenye yeziguli zidinga ukuhlinzwa ngesinye isikhathi, nakuba kungaselaphi isimo. Lesi sifo sivame ukubuya, ngokuvamile eduze kwezicubu ezixhunyiwe kabusha.

2. Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-Crohn's?

Abantu abaningi baqaphela izimpawu ezihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Izimpawu zokuqala ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ubuhlungu besisu, imikhuba yamathumbu ehlukene, ukukhathala, nokuncipha kwesisindo. Igazi livela ezindle noma ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Ezinye iziguli ziba nezilonda emlonyeni nezinyembezi zendunu. Lezi zibonakaliso zingase zifike futhi zihambe. Odokotela kumele bahlole igazi, bahlole indle, i-endoscopy, noma i-colonoscopy ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa.

3. Yisiphi isikhathi sosuku lapho uCrohn emubi kakhulu?

Ukudla ukudla okuthile noma ukuzizwa ucindezelekile kungadala izimpawu zikaCrohn. Umuntu ngamunye ubhekana nalesi simo ngendlela ehlukile. Abanye banezimpawu ezithambile kuyilapho abanye bebhekene nezinkinga zempilo ezimbi kakhulu.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo sikaCrohn nesifo sokuqaqamba kwamathumbu?

Lezi zifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo zinezimpawu ezithile kodwa zehluka ngezindlela ezibalulekile:

• Indawo: I-ulcerative colitis ihlala ku-colon, kuyilapho i-Crohn ingavela noma yikuphi ukusuka emlonyeni kuya ku-anus.
• Iphethini: I-Crohn's idala ukuvuvukala okuhlakazekile okunamabala anempilo phakathi, kodwa i-colitis ibangela ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo.
• Ukujula: Ukuvuvukala kuka-Crohn kuhamba kuzo zonke izingqimba zezindonga zamathumbu, kuyilapho ukuvuvuka kwesisu kufinyelela olwelweni lwangaphakathi.

UDkt. Saurabh Lanjekar

MBBS, MD, DNB (Gastroenterology)
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529