Amehlo Omile

Amehlo omile angaba ukugula okuthena amandla okuthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke. Kuyisifo esingelapheki esibonakala ngokugcotshwa okunganele kanye nomswakama ebusweni beso. Ukungakhululeki nokucasuka okubangelwa amehlo omile kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuphila komuntu, kwenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokufunda, ukushayela, noma ukusebenza kukhompuyutha kube inselele. Izinkinga zamehlo omile zingase zithinte ukuxhumana nabantu, njengokubuka amamuvi noma ukuchitha isikhathi ungaphandle.

Liyini Iso Elilomile?

Amehlo omile, owaziwa nangokuthi isifo samehlo omile noma isifo samehlo esomile, aqala lapho amehlo engakwazi ukukhipha izinyembezi ezanele noma lapho izinyembezi zihwamuka ngokushesha kakhulu. Izinyembezi ziyisivikelo esibalulekile ekugcineni amehlo enempilo, enikeza ukuthambisa, nokuwavikela ezifweni. Uma amehlo engagcotshiwe ngendlela efanele, angaholela ekuvuvukeni nasekungakhululeki futhi abe sengozini yokucasuka nokulimala, kube nomthelela wokunethezeka okubukwayo nokucaca.

Izinhlobo Zezifo Zamehlo Omile

Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-dry eye syndrome: 

• Iso elomile elingenamanzi elingenamanzi: Ukuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi kubangela iso elomile elingenamanzi. Izinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuguga, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezifana sikashukela or rheumatoid arthritis, izinguquko zamahomoni, nemiphumela engemihle yemithi ethile, kungabangela lesi simo. 
• Iso elomile elihwamukayo: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iso elomile elihwamukayo lenzeka ngenxa yenkinga yezindlala zikawoyela kumajwabu amehlo. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-meibomian gland, okuholela ekuntulekeni kwamafutha ezinyembezini nasekukhuphukeni kokuhwamuka.

Izimpawu Zamehlo Omile

Amehlo omile angabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi ubunzima bezimpawu bungahluka. Okulandelayo ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zamehlo omile:

• Ukoma kwamehlo: Uphawu olugqame kakhulu lwamehlo omile umuzwa oqhubekayo wokoma noma ukuqina emehlweni.
• Ukuzwa ukushisa noma ukuluma: Abantu abaningi abanamehlo omile bazwa ukuvutha noma okuhlaba emehlweni abo.
• Ubomvu: Amehlo omile angavula imithambo yegazi emehlweni, okuholela ekubeni bomvu.
• Umbono ophundlekile: Uma amehlo engagcotshisiwe ngokwanele, ukubona kungase kufiphale, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokufunda isikhathi eside noma ukusetshenziswa kwekhompyutha.
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya: Amehlo omile angabangela ukuzwela okukhulayo ekukhanyeni futhi akwenze kungakhululeki ukuba sendaweni ekhanyayo.
• Ukukhathala kwamehlo: Amehlo omile angaholela ekukhathaleni kwamehlo, okwenza kube nzima ukugxilisa ingqondo noma ukwenza imisebenzi efuna ukubona.
• Ukoma kwamehlo nokucasuka kungase kubangele ukungakhululeki lapho ugqoke amalensi okuxhumana.
• Umuntu onamehlo omile angakwazi futhi ukuzwa ukukhishwa okunezintambo noma okufana namafinyila emehlweni, ikakhulukazi lapho evuka ekuseni.

Izimbangela Zamehlo Omile

Amehlo omile angaba nezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, futhi ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ezinye izimbangela ezivamile zamehlo omile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuguga: Ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi kuthanda ukuncipha njengoba sikhula, okuholela ekubeni amehlo ome.
• Izinguquko zeHormonal: Ukushintshashintsha kweHormonal, njengasesikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi.
• Izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, ezihlanganisa isifo sikashukela, isifo samathambo, i-Sjögren's syndrome, kanye yegilo iziyaluyalu, kungaba nomthelela amehlo omile.
• Imithi: Eminye imithi, njengama-antihistamine, ama-decongestants, nama-antidepressants, inganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi.
• Izici zemvelo: Ukuchayeka endaweni eyomile noma enomoya, isimo somoya, noma amasistimu okushisa angabangela izinyembezi ukuba zihwamuke futhi kubangele amehlo ome.
• Isikhathi sesikrini eside: Ukubuka izikrini isikhathi eside kungehlisa ukucwayiza futhi kubangele amehlo omile.
• Ezinye izimbangela: Ukugqoka isikhathi eside kwamalensi okuxhumana noma ukungafakwa kahle kungadala amehlo omile. Ukuntuleka kwe-omega-3 fatty acids kanye nokusetshenziswa kwevithamini A nakho kungabangela amehlo omile.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Izici ezithile zingathuthukisa amathuba okuba namehlo omile. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ubulili: Abesifazane bathambekele kakhulu ekubeni namehlo omile kunabesilisa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yoshintsho lwamahomoni ngesikhathi ukukhulelwa nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
• Iminyaka yobudala: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi kuncipha ngokukhula, okwenza abantu abadala asebekhulile babe sengcupheni yamehlo omile.
• Ukugqokwa kwamalensi okuxhumana: Abantu abagqoka amalensi okuxhumana avamile basengozini enkulu yamehlo omile ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwa komoyampilo ku-cornea kanye nokukhuphuka kokuhwamuka.
• Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha: Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwegilo, noma izifo ezizimele, bathambekele kakhulu ekubeni namehlo omile.
• Izici zemvelo: Ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu esomile noma esinomoya, ukungcoliswa komoya, noma intuthu kungandisa ingozi yamehlo omile.
• Izimo zejwabu leso: Izifo ezifana ne-blepharitis, ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala ye-meibomian, noma ukungahambi kahle kwejwabu leso kungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi, okuholela ekukhuleni kwamehlo omile.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo: Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, okufana ne-LASIK noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, kungaphazamisa okwesikhashana ukuzinza kwefilimu yezinyembezi futhi kuholele ekubeni amehlo omile.

Izinkinga:

Uma kungelashwa ngesikhathi, amehlo omile angaba nezinkinga ezimbalwa, athinte umbono kanye nempilo yamehlo iyonke. Okulandelayo ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona zamehlo omile:

• Ukoma isikhathi eside kungalimaza i-cornea (indawo emhlophe engaphambili yeso), kuphazamise ukubona.
• Amehlo omile angabangela ukucindezeleka ngenkathi egxile, okungabangela ukukhathala kwamehlo, izinhlungu zekhanda, nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
• Amehlo omile angenza amehlo angenwe kalula yizifo, njengoba izinyembezi zifeza indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni amehlo kumagciwane nezinye izinto ezicasulayo.
• Amehlo omile angabangela ukungakhululeki njalo kanye nokuphazamiseka kokubona, kube nomthelela omkhulu izinga lempilo yomuntu. 
• Amehlo omile okungapheli nawo angabangela ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuzihlukanisa nabantu.

Ukuxilongwa Kwamehlo Omile

Uma usola ukuthi unamehlo omile, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kwamehlo omile. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-ophthalmologist izohlaziya izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha futhi yenze izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zokuxilonga ukuze kukhishwe imbangela yangempela yamehlo akho omile. Lezi zivivinyo zingabandakanya:

• Ukuhlolwa kuka-Schirmer: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela wamehlo ukala ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi ngokubeka umucu wephepha lokuhlunga ngaphakathi kwejwabu leso elingezansi ukuze amunce izinyembezi.
• Isikhathi sokuhlukana kwezinyembezi: Lesi sivivinyo sikala ukuthi izinyembezi zihwamuka isikhathi eside kangakanani ebusweni beso.
• I-Ocular surface staining: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela wamehlo usebenzisa udayi okhethekile ukuze abone umonakalo noma izinto ezingalungile ebusweni beso.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Meibomian gland: Uchwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo angase ahlole izindlala zamafutha kumajwabu amehlo ukuze ahlole umsebenzi wazo futhi anqume ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa.

Ukwelashwa

• Ukwelashwa kwamehlo omile kuhlose ukudambisa izimpawu, ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi, nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha iso elomile olwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo luzoncika kumbangela kanye nobukhulu bamehlo omile. Amanye amakhambi ajwayelekile wamehlo omile ahlanganisa:
• Izinyembezi zokwenziwa: Amaconsi eso agcobayo, aziwa nangokuthi izinyembezi zokwenziwa, angadambisa ukoma futhi anikeze ukukhululeka kwesikhashana.
• Amaconsi iso okwelapha: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wakho wamehlo angase akunikeze amaconsi ehlo anemithi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi.
• Ama-Punctal plugs: Lawa mapulaki amancane ashuthekwa emiseleni yezinyembezi ukuze avimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi, okusiza ukugcina amehlo emanzi isikhathi eside.
• Inkulumo ye-Meibomian gland: Kubantu abaneso elomile elikhuphukayo, i-ophthalmologist yakho ingenza inqubo yokuveza amafutha avela ezindlaleni ezivinjiwe.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Ukwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, njengokuthatha ikhefu elivamile phakathi nesikhathi sesikrini, ukusebenzisa isishicileli, noma ukugwema indawo eyomile noma enomoya, kungasiza ekudambiseni amehlo omile.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Amehlo Omile

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasiza ukukhulula amehlo omile, kuhlanganise:

• Ukucindezela okufudumele: Ukufaka ithawula elifudumele noma indwangu kakotini emehlweni kungasiza ukukhulula izindlala zikawoyela futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokukhala.
• Ukuzivocavoca ngokucwayiza: Ukuthatha ikhefu njalo ukuze ucwayize ngokuqaphela nangokugcwele kungasiza ukusabalalisa izinyembezi ebusweni bamehlo.
• I-Omega-3 fatty acids: Ukwengeza ukudla okunothe nge-omega-3 (imbewu yefilakisi, ama-walnuts, inhlanzi, uwoyela wesibindi se-cod, amajikijolo, noma ukwatapheya) noma izithasiselo zinganciphisa ukuvuvukala kwamehlo futhi kuthuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi.
• I-Hydration: Ukuhlala u-hydrated ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi kungagcina impilo yamehlo iyonke futhi kunciphise ukoma.
• Ukugwema izinto ezicasulayo: Ukuvikela amehlo akho ezintweni ezicasulayo, njengentuthu, uthuli nomoya owomile, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukoma okwengeziwe.

Indlela Yokuvimbela Amehlo Omile

Nakuba ungeke ukwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimo zamehlo omile, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ubungozi futhi unciphise izimpawu. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• Gcina ukuhlanzeka kwamehlo okuhle: Hlanza amajwabu amehlo akho nsuku zonke ukuze uvimbele ukuvaleka kwezindlala zikawoyela.
• Thatha ikhefu: Uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ugqolozele izikrini noma wenza imisebenzi efuna ngokubonakalayo, thatha ikhefu elivamile ukuze uphumule amehlo akho futhi ucwayize njalo.
• I-Humidifier: Ukwengeza umswakama emoyeni wegumbi kungasiza ukuvimbela izinyembezi ukuthi zingahwamuki ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Ukuvikela: Gqoka izibuko noma izibuko ukuze uvikele amehlo akho uma ubekwe endaweni eyomile noma enomoya noma uhlanganyela emisebenzini engase ibangele ukucasuka kwamehlo.
• Landela ukudla okulinganiselayo: Ukudla ukudla okunothe nge-omega-3 fatty acids, amavithamini A, C, no-E, nezinye izakhi ezibalulekile zingasekela impilo yonke yamehlo.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zeso elomile eziphikelelayo noma eziya ziba zimbi, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo. Ukwengeza, funa usizo lwezokwelapha uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo
• Izinguquko ezisheshayo embonweni
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya okuhambisana nokubomvu kwamehlo nobuhlungu
• Ukuphuma kwamehlo noma ubomvu
• Ukulimala kwamehlo

Isiphetho

Amehlo omile angabangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu futhi abe nomthelela empilweni yomuntu yansuku zonke. Ukuqonda izizathu, izimpawu, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha zamehlo omile kubalulekile ekulawuleni lesi simo ngempumelelo. Abantu abanamehlo omile bangathola ukukhululeka futhi bathuthukise impilo yabo yonke yamehlo ngokufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, nokulandela izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe iso elomile liyingozi?

Nakuba amehlo omile awavamile ukulimaza ngokwawo, angaholela ezinkingeni uma engelashwa. Zingabangela ukulimala kwe-cornea, izifo zamehlo, nokwehla kwezinga lempilo. Ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga, ukufuna ukwelashwa okufanele nokuphatha amehlo omile kubalulekile.

2. Ingabe iso elomile lingelapheka?

Nakuba iso elomile lingelapheki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ungaliphatha ngendlela efanele ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ngokubhekana nembangela ewumsuka, ukusebenzisa amaconsi agcoba amehlo, nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, abantu abanamehlo omile bangathola ukukhululeka kwezimpawu ezibalulekile.

3. Ingabe iso elomile liyahamba ngokwemvelo?

Kwezinye izimo, amehlo omile angase ahambe ngokwemvelo, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sibangelwa izici zesikhashana ezifana nezimo zemvelo noma imithi ethile. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi, amehlo omile avame ukuba yisifo esingelapheki esidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo.

4. Iso elomile lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude besikhathi sezimpawu zamehlo omile zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu zesikhashana ezihlala isikhathi esifushane, kanti abanye bangase babe nokoma okungapheli. Ngakho-ke, ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha nokulandela uhlelo lokwelapha olunconyiwe kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ngokuphumelelayo.

5. Ingabe ukuntula ubuthongo kungabangela amehlo omile?

Ukungalali ngokwanele kungaholela ekubeni amehlo omile. Ngesikhathi sokulala, amehlo agcwalisa umswakama nokugcoba. Ukungalali ngokwanele kungase kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi, okuholela ekomeni nokungakhululeki.

6. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela amehlo omile?

Ukushoda ku omega-3 ama-fatty acids, uvithamini A, novithamini D angaba nomthelela ekomeni kwamehlo. Ukusebenzisa ukudla okunothe ngale misoco ekudleni kwakho noma ukuthatha izithasiselo njengoba uyalwe uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo kungasiza ekudambiseni amehlo omile.
 

CARE Medical Team

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