Indlala Ekhulisiwe

Ukwanda kwendlala yesinye kuthinta cishe ama-50% awo wonke amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, okuvame kakhulu njengoba ekhula. Nakuba ngokuvamile singeyona ingozi, lesi simo singathinta kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke ngezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zomchamo kanye nokungakhululeki. Intuthuko yamanje yezokwelapha inikeza izinketho ezimbalwa zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, kusukela ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila kuye emithini nezinqubo zokuhlinzwa, ukusiza amadoda ukuphatha izimpawu zawo nokugcina izinga lempilo yawo.

Iyini I-Enlarged Prostate?

Isitho esincane esilingana ne-walnut, i-prostate gland idlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yabesilisa ngokukhiqiza uketshezi olusiza ukuthwala isidoda. I-Benign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), noma i-prostate ekhulisiwe, kwenzeka lapho le ndlala ikhula njengoba amadoda ekhula. Lesi simo akuwona umdlavuza futhi asiwandisi amathuba okuba nomdlavuza umdlavuza wendlala.

I-prostate gland izungeza i-urethra. Kuyisakhiwo se-tubular esithatha umchamo ku- esinyeni ngaphandle komzimba. Njengoba i-prostate ikhula, ingacindezela i-urethra nesinye, okuholela ezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zomchamo. Lokhu kukhula kwenzeka ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Isigaba sokuqala sokukhula senzeka ngesikhathi sokuthomba
• Isigaba sesibili siqala cishe eminyakeni engama-25 futhi siqhubeke impilo yonke. I-prostate ngokuvamile ikhula ngokwanele ukuze ibangele izimpawu eziphawulekayo futhi udonga lwesinye luyaqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isinye singase silahlekelwe amandla aso okuthulula ngokuphelele.

Izimpawu Ze-Prostate Ezandisiwe

Okulandelayo ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu nezimpawu ze-prostate ekhulisiwe:

• Ubunzima Bokuchama:
  • Inkinga ngokuqala ukuchama
  • Ukugeleza komchamo obuthakathaka
  • Ukuzikhandla ukuze achame
  • Yeka iphethini yokuqalisa ngenkathi uchama
• Izinkinga zokuvama nokuphuthuma:
  • Isidingo esivamile sokuchama, ikakhulukazi ebusuku
  • Kungazelelwe, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama
  • Ukungakwazi ukukhipha ngokuphelele esinyeni
  • Udinga ukuchama futhi ngemva nje kokuqeda
• Izinkinga ze-Incontinence:
  • Ukuvuza ngemva kokuphela kokuchama
  • Ukuvuza ngaphambi kokufika endlini yangasese
  • Ukuvuza okungalawuleki lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula

Izimbangela Zendlala Yendlala Yesinye

Umphakathi wezokwelapha uyaqhubeka nokucwaninga isizathu esiqondile sokukhula kwe-prostate, nakuba izinguquko zamahomoni zidlala indima ebalulekile. Njengoba abesilisa bekhula, imizimba yabo iba noshintsho emazingeni amahomoni, ikakhulukazi ebhalansi phakathi kwe-testosterone namanye amahomoni, okungase kubangele ukukhula kwendlala yesinye.

Kunezici eziningi eziyingozi ezinomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-prostate ekhulisiwe:

• Izinto ezihlobene nobudala:
  • Izimpawu azivamile ukuvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40
  • Ubungozi bukhula kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50
  • I-prostate ikhula cishe ngo-2-2.5% ngonyaka emadodeni amadala
• Imithelela yofuzo:
  • Umlando womndeni ukhulisa ingozi kakhulu
  • Amadoda anamafomu atholakala ngofuzo akhombisa izimpawu zangaphambili
  • Izici zofuzo zingase zibe nomthelela 
• Izimo Zempilo:
  • Isifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo kwandisa ingozi
  • Ukukhuluphala izixhumanisi kumthamo omkhulu we-prostate
  • umzimba syndrome 
• Izinto zendlela yokuphila:
  • Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba
  • Ukukhetha okungalungile kokudla
  • Ukukhuluphala kanye nesisindo esiningi

Izinkinga

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukugcinwa Komchamo:
  • Ukungakwazi ukuchama ngokuphelele
  • Ingase idinge ukufakwa kwe-catheter
  • Kungaholela ezimweni eziphuthumayo
• Izinkinga zesinye:
  • Ukwakheka kwamatshe esinyeni
  • Ukuncipha kwemisipha yesinye
  • Ukungapheleli kwesinye isinye
  • Ukwanda kwengozi yokutheleleka kwe-urinary tract
• Izinkinga Zezinso:
  • Ukwanda kwengcindezi kuthinta ukusebenza kwezinso
  • Ukulimala kwezinso okungaba khona unomphela
  • Ingozi yokutheleleka okusakazekela ezinso

Sifo

Odokotela basebenzisa amathuluzi amaningana okuxilonga ukuze bahlole ukukhuliswa kwe-prostate:

• Izivivinyo Eziyisisekelo Zokuxilonga
  • Ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu nokubuyekezwa komlando wezokwelapha
  • Ukuhlolwa komzimba, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal
  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PSA ukuhlola amazinga e-prostate-specific antigen
  • Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola ukutheleleka noma okunye okungavamile
  • Isilinganiso sevolumu yensalela ye-post-void
• Izivivinyo Ezikhethekile Zokuxilonga
  • I-Uroflowmetry ukukala izinga lokugeleza komchamo 
  • I-Transrectal Ultrasound ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo usayizi we-prostate kanye nokuma kwayo 
  • Amanye amadoda angase adinge izithombe ezithuthukisiwe njenge-MRI noma izikena ze-CT, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukuhlinzwa.

Ukudluliselwa ku-urologist kuyadingeka lapho ukwelashwa kokuqala kungasizanga, izifo zomchamo ziyaqhubeka, noma amazinga e-PSA aphakanyisiwe. Uchwepheshe angase enze izivivinyo ezengeziwe ezifana ne-cystoscopy. Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukufakwa kweshubhu elincanyana, eligobekayo elinekhamera ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo esinyeni ne-urethra.

Ukwelashwa Kwendlala Yendlala Yesinye

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-prostate ekhulisiwe ziye zavela kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, zinikeza amadoda izindlela ezihlukahlukene ngokusekelwe ebucayi bezimpawu kanye nesimo sempilo jikelele. Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa indlela enyathelwe phansi, eqala ngezinketho ezincane kakhulu ezihlaselayo ngaphambi kokucabangela ukwelashwa okunolaka.

Izigaba zokwelashwa eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukulinda Okubukhali:
  • Ukuqapha njalo izimpawu
  • Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila
  • Ifanele izimpawu ezithambile
• Izinketho Zomuthi:
  • Ama-Alpha-blockers anciphisa imisipha ye-prostate
  • I-5-alpha reductase inhibitors ukuze inciphise i-prostate
  • Ukwelashwa okuhlangene ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono
• Izinqubo:
  • Izinqubo ezimbalwa zokuhlinza kanye nezingangeneleli kancane ziyatholakala zokulawula i-prostate ekhulisiwe emadodeni anezimpawu ezimaphakathi kuya ezinzima; lokhu kuhlanganisa i-transurethral resection ye-prostate (TURP), okuhlala kuwukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu kokuhlinzwa. 
  • Izinketho ezintsha zokwelapha ezifana nokwelashwa nge-laser nokwelashwa komhwamuko wamanzi zinganikeza ukululama ngokushesha ngezinkinga ezimbalwa.

Ukwelashwa kuncike ezicini eziningana, okuhlanganisa usayizi we-prostate, ubunzima bezimpawu, kanye nesimo sezempilo sisonke. Amanye amadoda athola impumuzo ngoshintsho olulula lwendlela yokuphila, kuyilapho abanye bengase bafune imithi noma ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ukubonisana njalo nodokotela kusiza ekunqumeni indlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu njengoba izimpawu ziqhubeka noma zishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukuqaphela isikhathi sokuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngezimpawu ezihlobene ne-prostate kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu. Amadoda akufanele azibe noma abambezele ukubonisana nodokotela lapho ethola izinguquko zomchamo, njengoba ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono.

Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka kulezi zimpawu eziphuthumayo:

• Ukungakwazi ukuchama ngokuphelele
• Igazi emcimbini noma isidoda
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuchama
• Umkhuhlane kanye amakhaza ngezimpawu zomchamo
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo nokungakhululeki endaweni ye-pelvic noma endaweni engezansi yesisu
• Izifo zomgudu womchamo njalo

Ngisho noma izimpawu zibonakala zithambile, ukuhlela ukubonisana nodokotela kubalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe kahle. Uphenyo lwegazi olulula, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-PSA test, lusebenza njengethuluzi lokuqala lokuhlola izinkinga ze-prostate. Amadoda kufanele azise udokotela wawo nganoma imuphi umlando womndeni wezimo ze-prostate, njengoba lokhu kungaba nomthelela ekuhloleni kwabo ubungozi kanye nohlelo lokuhlola.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-prostate okuvamile kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba amadoda ekhula. Udokotela angachaza izinguquko ezizuzisayo zokuphila kanye nokuziphatha okungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokwanda kwe-prostate. Ngokuqapha okufanele kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi, izinkinga eziningi ezihlobene ne-prostate ekhulisiwe zingavinjelwa noma zilawulwe ngempumelelo.

Isiphetho

Ukwandiswa kwendlala yesinye kuyinselelo evamile yezempilo kwabesilisa, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala. Isayensi yezokwelapha inikeza izindlela eziningi zokuphatha lesi simo, kusukela ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila elula kuya ezinqubweni ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlinzwa. Amadoda aqaphela izinguquko zomchamo noma ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene ne-prostate akufanele aphuze ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha, njengoba ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-prostate, ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila kusiza amadoda ukuba alondoloze izinga lempilo yawo kuyilapho ebhekana nezimpawu ze-prostate ezikhulisiwe. Lesi simo, nakuba siyinselele, sihlala silawuleka ngokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha okufanele kanye nokuqapha okungaguquguquki. Amadoda amaningi angathola impumuzo ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezifanele ezifanele izimpawu zabo kanye nesimo sempilo jikelele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Isiphi isizathu esiyinhloko sokwanda kwe-prostate?

Imbangela eqondile yokwanda kwendlala yesinye ayikacaci, nakuba ucwaningo lukhomba izinguquko zamahomoni njengesici esiyinhloko. Njengoba amadoda ekhula, imizimba yawo ihlangabezana nokushintsha kwama-hormone, ikakhulukazi i-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Le hormone yabesilisa ivela emazingeni aphezulu emadodeni amadala, okungase kubangele ukukhula nokwanda kwamangqamuzana e-prostate.

2. I-prostate idinga ukuhlinzwa ikungakanani?

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba kudingekile lapho umthamo we-prostate ukala phakathi kuka-30-80 cubic centimeter. Nokho, ubukhulu bubodwa abusho isidingo sokuhlinzwa. Odokotela bacabangela izici eziningana:
Ukuqina kwezimpawu

• Impendulo emithini
• Umthelela kukhwalithi yempilo
• Ukuba khona kwezinkinga
• Isimo sempilo sisonke

3. Iyini iminyaka yobudala yokuhlinzwa kwe-prostate?

Imihlahlandlela yesimanje yezokwelapha igxile esimeni sezempilo sisonke kuneminyaka yodwa lapho kucutshungulwa ukuhlinzwa kwendlala yesinye. Yize bekuvinjelwe ngaphambilini, ucwaningo lwamanje lukhombisa ukuthi amadoda anempilo engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-75 angangena ngokuphepha izinqubo ze-prostate uma:

• Isikhathi sokuphila singaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10
• Isimo sempilo esihle sisonke
• Ezinye izimo zezempilo ezincane
• Izimpawu ezibalulekile ze-prostate ezithinta izinga lempilo

CARE Medical Team

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