Ukudikiza Amehlo

Yini Edala Ukudikiza Amehlo & Ukumisa Kanjani

Wake wabhekana nokunyakaziswa okucasulayo emehlweni akho okungayeki? Ukudikiza kwamehlo kuphakathi kwezimo zamehlo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta abantu abaningi. Lokhu kunyakaza kwejwabu leso okungahleliwe kungasukela ekucasukeni okuncane kuye enkingeni enzima kakhulu. Nakuba ngokuvamile kungenangozi, ukuqonda izimbangela namakhambi okudikiza amehlo kungakusiza ulawule le nkinga ekhathazayo.

Ake sihlole izinhlobo ezihlukene zokunyakaziswa kwamehlo, okuhlanganisa nokunyakazisa iso kwesokudla, futhi sihlole izizathu ezihlukahlukene zokunyakazisa amehlo. Sizophinde sixoxe ngezimbangela ezithinta amehlo, izindlela zokwelapha ezingase zibe khona, namakhambi asekhaya angase anikeze ukukhululeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhekene nokudikika ngezikhathi ezithile noma isifo esicindezela amehlo, lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukucacisa isimo futhi unikeze izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokukusiza uthole induduzo.

Kuyini Ukuxubha Amehlo?

Isifo sokunyakazisa amehlo, esaziwa nangokuthi i-blepharospasm, ukunyakaza kwejwabu leso okungase kuthinte iso elilodwa noma womabili. Kuyisimo esivamile abantu abaningi abasithola esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo. Ukunyakaza ngokuvamile kuqala njengokunyakaza okuncane, ngezikhathi ezithile enkopheni. Kubantu abaningi, inkinga yesikhashana ezixazulula ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi nge-benign blepharospasm ebalulekile, ukudikiza kungase kube kaningi futhi kube kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kungase kuholele ekutheni amehlo avaleke ngokuphelele, kwenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokufunda noma ukushayela ibe inselele.

Izinhlobo zamajwabu leso

Ukudikiza kwamehlo kungabonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene, nezici zako kanye nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona.

• Ijwabu leso: Lolu hlobo luvamile, ngokuvamile alunangozi, futhi ngokuvamile luxazululeka phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuncibilika kwejwabu leso, ngokuvamile kuvame ukunyakazisa kancane kancane kwejwabu leso elingezansi noma elingenhla, noma ngezinye izikhathi womabili amajwabu leso. Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokuntuleka kokulala, ingcindezi, noma ukudla ngokweqile i-caffeine.
• I-Essential Blepharospasm: Iwuhlobo olunzima kakhulu lokudikiza kwamehlo. Isimo esingenakuzikhethela esithinta womabili amehlo. Kuqala njengokucwayiza okukhulayo futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuvaleni amajwabu amehlo futhi kucindezele imisipha ezungeze amehlo. 
• I-Hemifacial Spasm: Lolu hlobo oluyingqayizivele luhilela ukuvala amehlo ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokufinyela kwemisipha esihlathini, emlonyeni, nasentanyeni, kodwa kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso. Imvamisa iqala ngokunyakaziswa kwamehlo ngezikhathi ezithile futhi iqhubeke ithinte eminye imisipha yobuso. 

Izimbangela Nezingozi Zokunyakazisa Amehlo

Ezinye zezimbangela ezijwayelekile zokudonsa amehlo yilezi:

• Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka 
• Ukukhathala nokuntuleka kokulala
• Ukudla kwe-caffeine ngokweqile 
• Ukuphuza utshwala nokubhema 
• Izibani ezikhanyayo noma ukuzwela okukhanyayo 
• Ukuxineka kwamehlo, ngokuvamile okubangelwa isikhathi eside sesikrini noma ukufunda
• Amehlo omile noma acasukile kanye nezimo ezifana ne-conjunctivitis noma i-blepharitis 

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukudikiza kwamehlo kungahlotshaniswa nezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Izifo ze-neurological ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson, multiple sclerosis, noma ukulimala kwengqondo
• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psychosis, isithuthwane, i-Tourette syndrome, noma migraines, kungase futhi kubangele ukudikiza kwamehlo njengomphumela oseceleni.

Izimpawu Zokunyakazisa Amehlo

Ukudikiza kwamehlo kungabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekucasukeni okuncane kuya ezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukunyakaza kwejwabu leso, okungase kuthinte iso elilodwa noma womabili. Lokhu kuncibilika kuvame ukwenzeka kwijwabu leso elingenhla kodwa kungabandakanya nesivalo esingezansi.

Ngaphandle kwama-spasms wejwabu leso, ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya: 

• Ukucasuka kweso
• Izinga lokucwayiza elandisiwe
• Ukuzwela okukhanyayo
• Amehlo omile noma izinkinga zokubona 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinhlungu zobuso zingase zenzeke eduze nokudikiza kwamehlo.

Ukuxilongwa Kokuxubha Amehlo

Ukuhlola ukudikiza kwamehlo ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele a udokotela. Odokotela bazohlaziya umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi bakuhlole ngokomzimba, okuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlola okuphelele kwesimiso sakho sezinzwa namehlo.

Kwezinye izimo, izazi zamehlo zizobheka noma yiziphi izimbangela ezibangela ukudikiza, njengokucindezeleka noma imiphumela emibi evela emithini. 

Ezimweni ezithile, udokotela wakho angase ancome uphenyo lwe-radiological njenge-CT scan noma i-MRI ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zibangele ukudikiza kwamehlo.

Ukwelashwa Ngokucikica Amehlo

Ukwelashwa kokudikiza kwamehlo kuyehluka futhi kuya ngembangela nobukhulu besimo. Kubantu abaningi, ama-twitches amancane azixazulula ngokwawo phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto. Kodwa-ke, izinketho eziningi zokwelapha ezithinta amehlo ziyatholakala uma ukudikiza kuqhubeka noma kuphazamisa, njengokuthi:

• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kungasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu. Ukunciphisa ukudla okune-caffeine, ukulala ngokwanele, nokulawula ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile kuyinzuzo. 
• Ukucindezela okufudumele emehlweni nokusebenzisa izinyembezi zokwenziwa ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta kungadambisa ukucasuka nokomisa.
• Imijovo yobuthi be-botulinum ithathwa njengokwelashwa okusebenzayo kakhulu ezimweni ezinzima zokudikiza kwamehlo, ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezifana ne-blepharospasm kanye ne-hemifacial spasm. 
• Kwezinye izimo, odokotela batusa imithi ukusiza ukulawula ukudikiza kwamehlo. Lokhu kungabandakanya okuphumuza imisipha, ama-anticonvulsants, noma ama-antidepressants athile. 
• Ezimweni ezingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, odokotela batusa izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezifana ne-myectomy. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa eminye yemisipha noma izinzwa ezibhekene nokunyakazisa.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ukudikiza kwamehlo kuvame ukungabi nangozi, kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona iseluleko sezokwelapha, njengokuthi:

• Uma ukudikiza kwamehlo akho kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili
• Uma ukuxubha kwenzeka ezindaweni eziningi 
• Uma uthola izimpawu ezengeziwe, njengobuthakathaka noma ukuqina endaweni ethintekile.
• Uma ukudikiza kuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke noma kuthinta umbono wakho. 
• Uma ubona izimpawu ezintsha eduze nokudikiza kwamehlo, njengokuminyenezela kobuso noma ukuphuma esweni lakho

Amakhambi Asekhaya Okudikiza Amehlo

Amakhambi amaningana okugubha amehlo angasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu yilawa:

• Isicelo esifudumele sokucindezela iso elithintekile imizuzu engu-5-10 singakhulula ngokushesha imisipha futhi sinciphise ama-spasms. 
• Ukuzijwayeza izindlela zokuphumula ezifana nokuzindla, ukuphefumula okujulile, noma i-yoga kungasiza ukwehlisa izinga lokucindezeleka. 
• Ukulala ngokwanele nakho kubalulekile, kuhloswe okungenani amahora angama-7-8 ubusuku ngabunye.
• Ukunciphisa ukudla kwe-caffeine kungenza umehluko omkhulu.
• Ukuhlala unamanzi kubalulekile. Hlela ukuphuza izinkomishi zamanzi eziyi-10-12 nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine umzimba wakho namehlo kunempilo. 
• Izinyembezi zokwenziwa ngaphandle kwekhawunta zingasiza futhi uma amehlo omile enomthelela ekunyakazekeni.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ukudikiza kwamehlo kubandakanya ukwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nokubhekana nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona. 

• Ukunamathela esimisweni sokulala esivamile kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ukukhathala kuvame ukwenza lesi simo sibe sibi. Khomba okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa okulala ubusuku ngabunye futhi ugcine isimiso sokulala esingaguquki, ngisho nangezimpelaviki.
• Yehlisa kancane kancane ikhofi, itiye, ushokoledi, neziphuzo ezinoshukela ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokudikiza kwamehlo. Ngokufanayo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kungasiza ekuvimbeleni le nkinga.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kukhuthaze inhlalakahle jikelele.
• Uma uhlobo lwamehlo edijithali luyicala, landela umthetho we-20-20-20. Lo mthetho uthi ngemva kwemizuzu engu-20 yokusebenza esikrinini, bheka okuthile okungamafidi angu-20 okungenani imizuzwana engu-20. Lo mkhuba unganikeza amehlo akho ikhefu elidingeka kakhulu kusukela esikhathini sesikrini.
• Landela inhlanzeko efanele uma ugqoke amalensi okuxhumana futhi unikeze amehlo akho amakhefu avamile.
• Uma ubona ukuthi imisebenzi ethile noma imikhuba ibangela ukudikiza kwamehlo akho, zama ukuyigwema noma ukuyinciphisa. 

Isiphetho

Ukudikiza kwamehlo, kuyilapho ngokuvamile kuwukucasula okuncane, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke uma kuphikelela. Nakuba izimo eziningi zokudikiza kwamehlo zingenabungozi, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma ezinzima. Ukusuka ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathaleni kuya ezindabeni zempilo ezingathi sína, ukuqonda umsuka kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola izixazululo ezisebenzayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngezinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila noma ukungenelela kwezokwelapha, kunezindlela zokuphatha nokuvimbela ukudikiza kwamehlo. Ngokuhlala unolwazi futhi umatasa, ungathatha izinyathelo zokugcina amehlo akho ephilile futhi enganyakazi, uqinisekise ukubona okucacile kanye nokunethezeka okukhulu emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kusho ukuthini uma iso lakho linyakaza?

Ukudikiza kwamehlo, noma i-blepharospasm, yilapho imisipha yejwabu leso ifinyela futhi iphumule ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokucindezeleka, ukukhathala, noma ukuphuza ngokweqile i-caffeine. Ezimweni eziningi, ayinangozi futhi ixazulula ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukudikiza okuqhubekayo kungabonisa isimo esicashile noma ukuntula ukudla okunomsoco.

2. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela ukudikiza kwamehlo?

Nakuba ucwaningo oluqondile lungakahlobanisi ukuntuleka kwamavithamini nokunyakazisa amehlo, ezinye izakhamzimba zingadlala indima. A ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12, D, noma i-magnesium ingaba nomthelela ekudikizeni kwamehlo. Lezi zakhi ezibalulekile zisekela ukusebenza kwezinzwa nokufinyela kwemisipha. Ukuqinisekisa a Ukudla okunazo zonke okunothiswe kule misoco kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukudikiza kwamehlo.

3. Ingabe ukucikeka kwamehlo kuyingozi?

Ngokuvamile, ukudikiza kwamehlo akulimazi. Ngokuvamile kuba ukucasuka okuncane, okudlulayo okuxazululeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukudikiza kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kukhinyabeza ukubona kwakho, noma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana namajwabu amajwabu amehlo noma izinhlungu zobuso, kuyatuseka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela.

4. Isiphi isifo esiqala ngokunyikinyeka kwamehlo?

Nakuba ukudikiza kwamehlo kungavamile ukuba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi, ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube uphawu lokuqala lwezinkinga zemizwa. Izimo ezinjengokukhubazeka kukaBell, i-dystonia, i-multiple sclerosis, noma isifo sikaParkinson zingase ziqale ngokunyakazisa amehlo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimo azivamile, futhi ama-eye twitches amaningi anempilo.

5. Ukudikiza kwamehlo kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokudikiza kwamehlo singahluka. Iziqephu eziningi zihlala amasekhondi ambalwa ukuya emaminithini ambalwa futhi zixazululeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amaviki. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukudikiza okungapheli kungaqhubeka isikhathi eside. Uma ukudikiza kwamehlo akho kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kunconywa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze ukhiphe noma yiziphi izinkinga eziwumsuka.

UDkt. Radhika Bhupathiraju

MBBS, DO, FCO
I-CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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