Ihlombe eligcwele

Ihlombe eliqandisiwe, ngokwezokwelapha elibizwa nge-adhesive capsulitis, libonakala ngokuqina nokungakhululeki ihlombe elihlangene. Lesi simo ngokuvamile siqhubeka kancane kancane futhi singahlala isikhathi eside. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imvelaphi, izimpawu, izindlela zokuxilonga, izindlela zokwelapha, nezindlela zokuvimbela ezihambisana namahlombe afriziwe.

Anatomy

Ihlombe liyi-ball-and-socket joint eyakhiwe ngamathambo amathathu:

• I-humerus (ithambo lengalo engenhla)
• I-scapula (ihlombe lehlombe)
• I-clavicle (i-collarbone)

Ikhanda lethambo lengalo engenhla lihlala ngaphakathi kwesokhethi engashoni endaweni yehlombe. Leli lunga lizungezwe izicubu ezixhumene eziqinile ezaziwa ngokuthi i-shoulder capsule.

Ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza okubushelelezi, i-synovial fluid igcoba kokubili i-capsule yehlombe kanye nelunga ngokwalo.

Liyini Ihlombe Eliqandisiwe?

Ihlombe eliqandisiwe yisimo sezempilo esibonakala ngokuqina nobuhlungu ngaphakathi kwelunga lehlombe. Ukuqala kwayo kuhilela ukuqina nokuqina kwe-capsule yezicubu ezixhumeneyo evala ijoyinti yehlombe, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukunyakaza kwayo okungokwemvelo. Isifo sehlombe esiqandisiwe sikhula kancane futhi singahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu:

• Isiteji Sokuqandisa: Ubuhlungu nokuqina ejoyintini lehlombe, okuqhubeka kancane kancane kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungase kuthathe amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni.
• Isiteji Esiqandisiwe: Ubuhlungu bungancipha, kodwa ihlombe liyaqina futhi kube nzima ukuhamba. Lesi sigaba singaphikelela izinyanga ezi-4-6 noma ngaphezulu. Umsebenzi wansuku zonke uba yinselele ngokwandayo.
• I-Thawing Stage: Ububanzi bokunyakaza okufinyeleleka ehlombe buqala ukuthuthuka. Lesi sigaba singathatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni. Ihlombe kancane kancane liphinde likwazi ukuguquguquka futhi lilulama ukunyakaza.

Izimpawu Zehlombe Eliqandisiwe

Izimpawu zamahlombe afriziwe zingahluka, ngokusekelwe esiteji sesimo. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu nokuqina ngaphakathi kwehlombe lehlombe, kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngokuqala kancane kancane kobuhlungu.
• Ibanga elikhawulelwe lokunyakaza ehlombe.
• Amaphethini okulala aphazamisekile ngenxa yobuhlungu nokungakhululeki.
• Ukwanda kokuqina kobuhlungu ngesikhathi sasebusuku.

Izimbangela Zehlombe Eliqandisiwe

Imvelaphi yangempela yamahlombe afriziwe ayaziwa. Noma kunjalo, izici ezithile zandisa amathuba okuba nalesi simo, okuhlanganisa:

• Iminyaka yobudala nobulili: Abantu abaneminyaka engu-40 nangaphezulu, ikakhulukazi abesifazane, babhekana nokungenwa lula kwamahlombe afriziwe.
• Ukunganyakazi noma Ukuhamba Okuncishisiwe: Labo abaphoqelekile ukuthi balondoloze ukunganyakazi kwehlombe isikhathi eside, njengokuthi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ngemva kokuphuka kwengalo, basengozini enkulu.
• Izifo Ezihleliwe: Abantu abanezimo ezithile ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sikaParkinson sithambekele ekukhuleni kwamahlombe aqandisiwe.
• Ukulimala Kwamahlombe Okudlule: Abantu abanomlando wangaphambili wokuhlukumezeka kwehlombe nabo banokuthambekela okuphezulu kokuthuthukisa amahlombe afriziwe.

Ukuxilongwa Kwamahlombe Okuqandisiwe

Ukuze uhlole ihlombe elifriziwe, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi abuyekeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Babengabaza izimpawu futhi bahlole nobubanzi bokuhamba. Bangase futhi ba-ode ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga, okufana nama-X ray noma i-MRI ukuze kukhishwe ezinye izimo.

Ukuze uhlole ihlombe eliqandisiwe (i-adhesive capsulitis), umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzoqala ngokukhuluma nawe ngezimpawu zakho bese ebheka umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bazobe sebehlola izingalo namahlombe akho, okuhlanganisa:

Ukuhambisa Ihlombe Lakho: Bazohambisa ihlombe lakho ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze babone ukuthi kuhamba kahle kangakanani nokuthi ingabe kukubangela ubuhlungu. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuhlola "uhla lwakho lokunyakaza," lapho behambisa ingalo yakho ngenxa yakho.

• Ukubuka Ukunyakaza Kwamahlombe Akho: Bazophinde bakubuke uhambisa ihlombe lakho uwedwa ukuze uhlole “uhla lwakho olusebenzayo lokunyakaza.”
• Ukuqhathanisa Ukunyakaza Kokubili: Bazoqhathanisa ukuthi ungahambisa kangakanani ihlombe lakho ngokwakho nokuthi bangalihambisa kangakanani. Uma unehlombe elifriziwe, zombili izinhlobo zokunyakaza zizonqunyelwa.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angase futhi ahlele ama-X-ray ehlombe ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka, njenge-arthritis. Ngokuvamile, ngeke udinge ukuhlolwa kwesithombe okuthuthuke kakhulu njenge-MRI noma i-ultrasound ukuze uhlole ihlombe elifriziwe, kodwa umhlinzeki wakho angase aphakamise ukuthi ahlole ezinye izinkinga, ezifana nokukhala kwe-rotator cuff.

Ukwelashwa Kwamahlombe Okumanzi

Ukwelashwa kwamahlombe afriziwe ngokuvamile kuhilela inhlanganisela yokwelapha ngokomzimba nokulawulwa kobuhlungu. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Range-of-Motion Exercises: Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuthuthukisa ububanzi bokunyakaza kwehlombe futhi kunciphise ukuqina. Zenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngumelaphi womzimba noma neziyalezo okufanele zenziwe ekhaya.
• Amaphekhi Okushisa Neqhwa: Elinye lamakhambi akudala avivinywa futhi avivinywa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuvuvukala futhi liyasebenza esimweni sehlombe elifriziwe. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, amaphakethe okushisa namaqhwa adinga ukubekwa ngenye indlela ukuze kwakheke ukwelashwa okungokwemvelo kwamahlombe afriziwe.
• Izinqamuli Zobuhlungu: Izidambisi zobuhlungu ezingaphezu kwe-counter, njenge-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Imijovo yeCorticosteroid: Le mijovo ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala endaweni ehlangene yehlombe.
• Imithi Yokubala: Le mithi ingajova emgodleni wehlombe ukusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhululwe i-capsule ehlangene futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuhamba.

Ukwelapha Okuhlinzekwayo

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwehlombe eliqandisiwe kuvame ukucatshangelwa lapho kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulondoloza, njenge ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nemithi, yehlulekile ukunikeza ukukhululeka isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-12. Izinketho zokuhlinzwa zehlombe eliqandisiwe zifaka:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-Arthroscopic Capsular: Lena inqubo evamile yokuhlinzwa yehlombe eliqandisiwe. Kuhilela ukwenza izimbobo ezincane ehlombe kanye nokusebenzisa ikhamera encane (i-arthroscope) nezinsimbi ezikhethekile ukusika amathishu e-capsule ahlangene aqinile futhi ajiyile. Lokhu kusiza ukukhulula ukuqina nokubuyisela ububanzi bokunyakaza ehlombe.
• Ukukhwabanisa Ngaphansi Kokubulala Izinzwa (MUA): Kule nqubo, isiguli sifakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, futhi udokotela ohlinzayo uhambisa ingalo ngenkani ukuze aphule izicubu ezibomvu kanye nokunamathela okuvimbela ukunyakaza kwehlombe. Lokhu kungalandelwa ukukhululwa kwe-arthroscopic capsular ukuze kuthuthukiswe uhla lokunyakaza.
• Vula Ukukhishwa Kwe-Capsular: Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi lapho amasu e-arthroscopic engenzeki noma engasebenzi, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kungenziwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza i-incision enkulu ukuze ufinyelele ngokuqondile futhi ukhulule i-capsule eqinile eduze kwejoyinti yehlombe.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlunyeleliswa?

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba okugadiwe ehlombe eliqandisiwe ngokuvamile kuthatha phakathi kwesonto elilodwa nayisithupha, kanti amaseshini abanjwa kanye noma kathathu ngesonto. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli zenze izivivinyo zazo zasekhaya futhi zilule izandla njalo. Lezi zinyathelo kufanele zenziwe okungenani kanye noma kabili ngosuku ekhaya.

Ngokuvamile, ihlombe elifriziwe lithuthuka kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokwelashwa okungaguquki. Ukubuyisela kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye kwabanye abantu, kodwa kungase kusheshe kwabanye. Ukubuyisela ukuzungeza kwangaphakathi, njengokufinyelela isandla sakho ephaketheni lakho elingemuva noma phezulu phakathi nomhlane wakho, kuvame ukuba ingxenye eyinselele futhi edla isikhathi yokutakula.

Indlela Yokwelapha Amahlombe Afriziwe Ngokushesha?

Alikho ikhambi elisheshayo lehlombe eliqandisiwe. Nokho, ukuxilonga ngokushesha kungasiza ekuvimbeleni isimo ukuba singabi sibi. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zehlombe eliqandisiwe, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nokho, kunezinto ezimbalwa umuntu angayenza ukuze aqinisekise ukululama ngokushesha:

• Hlala usebenza: Zama ukugcina izinga elincane lomsebenzi naphezu kokungakhululeki. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwelula okumnene futhi umzimba.
• I-Warm Compress: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amaphakethe okushisa namaphakethe eqhwa angenye yezixazululo ezilula.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza amanzi anele usuku lonke. Ukuhlala ungenawo amanzi kusiza umzimba wakho usebenze kangcono futhi kunganciphisa amajaqamba emisipha nokuqina. Khomba izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-6-8 ngosuku.
• Thola Ukuphumula Okwanele: Ukuphumula kubalulekile ukuze ululame. Qiniseka ukuthi ulala ngokwanele ebusuku ukuze uvumele umzimba wakho ululame futhi uvuseleleke. Zama ukugcina isimiso sokulala esivamile futhi udale isimiso sokulala esiphumuzayo.
• Yidla Ukudla Okunomsoco: Ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okucebile izithelo, imifino, amaprotheni angenalutho, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele kusekela impilo yonke. Ukudla okuthile, njengalokho okuphezulu ku-omega-3 fatty acids (isb, inhlanzi, amantongomane), kunezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa amahlombe afriziwe, okuhlanganisa:

• Ubudala: Ihlombe eliqandisiwe livamise ukuthinta abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 no-60, kanti ubungozi bukhula ngokuya ngeminyaka.
• Ubulili: Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nehlombe eliqandisiwe kunabesilisa.
• Previous ukulimala noma ukuhlinzwa: Noma yikuphi ukulimala noma ukuhlinzwa ehlombe okuholela ekunganyakazini isikhathi eside noma ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kungandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ihlombe elifriziwe.
• Izimo zezempilo: Izinkinga ezithile zempilo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zegilo, isifo senhliziyo, i-Parkinson, kanye nenkontileka ka-Dupuytren ingaphakamisa amathuba akho okuba nehlombe elifriziwe. Lezi zimo zingase zibangele ukuvuvukala noshintsho ekuhlanganyeleni kwehlombe lakho.
• Ukunganyakazi noma ukuncipha kokuhamba: Ukunganyakazi kwelunga lehlombe ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokulimala, ukuhlinzwa, noma isikhathi eside sokungasebenzi kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwehlombe elifriziwe.
• Izifo ze-Systemic: Izimo ezifana ne-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis, nezinye ezithinta umzimba wakho wonke zingathinta ilunga lakho lehlombe futhi ziholele ehlombe elifriziwe.
• I-Genetics: Kungase kube ne-genetic predisposition ekuthuthukiseni ihlombe elifriziwe, nakuba ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe izici ezithile zofuzo ezihilelekile.
• Izici zomsebenzi: Imisebenzi ethile noma imisebenzi ehilela ukunyakaza kwengalo eningilizayo okuphindaphindayo noma ukuphakamisa kanzima kungase kwenyuse ingcuphe yokulimala kwehlombe, okungaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwehlombe elifriziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Izici ezingokwengqondo: Ukucindezeleka nokucindezeleka kungaba kubi kakhulu Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo izimo, kuhlanganise nehlombe elifriziwe, ngokukwenza uzwele kakhulu ebuhlungu futhi wenze izimpawu zihlale isikhathi eside.

Prevention

Nakuba ukuvimbela ngokuphelele kungase kungabi sezandleni zethu ngokuphelele, umuntu angathatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifana nalezi:

• Ukugcina ukuhamba: Ukuzivocavoca njalo nokugcina ukuqina kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kwehlombe.
• Izifo zesistimu: Ukulawulwa kwezifo ezithile zendlela yokuphila njenge sikashukela kungasiza kakhulu ekugwemeni amahlombe ayiqhwa.
• Ukuvivinya umzimba kancane kancane: Nakuba ukuvivinya umzimba kuhle, umuntu kufanele agweme ukucindezeleka okungazelelwe noma ukuvivinya umzimba kanzima ngaphandle kokuprakthiza kusengaphambili.

Kufanele Ubonane Nini Nodokotela?

Uma kwenzeka uhlangabezana nezinkomba zehlombe eliqandisiwe, njengobuhlungu obuhlangene behlombe nokuqina, ukulala okuphazamisekile, noma ubuhlungu obunzima ebusuku, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi kusiza ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa, okungase kunqande ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo.

Ubani osengcupheni yamahlombe afriziwe?

Ihlombe eliqandisiwe lingenzeka kunoma ubani, kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okulithola:

• Abantu Abaneminyaka engu-40-60: Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-40 no-60 ubudala.
• Abesifazane: Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nehlombe eliqandisiwe kunabesilisa.
• Abantu Abanesifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela, usengozini enkulu.
• Abantu Abanezimo Zezempilo Ezithile: Izimo ezifana nezinkinga zegilo, isifo senhliziyo, nesifo sikaParkinson zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nehlombe eliqandisiwe.
• Abantu Abangalinyakazi Ihlombe Labo Kakhulu: Uma ubungasebenzi kangako noma ugcine ihlombe lakho limile isikhathi eside, maningi amathuba okuthi uthuthukise ihlombe eliqandisiwe.

Isiphetho

Ihlombe eliqandisiwe, elibonakala ngokuqina nobuhlungu endaweni ehlangene yehlombe, ngokuvamile lishintsha kancane kancane futhi lingase liqhubeke isikhathi eside. Ukuhlanganisa ukwelapha ngokomzimba kanye nokuphathwa kobuhlungu kuvame ukuphumelela ekwelapheni lesi simo. Uma ubona izimpawu zehlombe eliqandisiwe, kubalulekile ukuthi usheshe uthintane nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso nokunakekelwa okufanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ubani osengcupheni yokuthuthukisa ihlombe eliqandisiwe?

I-Ans: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, ikakhulukazi abesifazane, banamathuba amaningi okuba namahlombe afriziwe. Abantu okuye kwadingeka bagcine ihlombe labo linganyakazi isikhathi eside, njengasemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukuphuka kwengalo, nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa amahlombe afriziwe.

2. Ingabe ihlombe eliqandisiwe libucayi?

I-Ans: Ihlombe eliqandisiwe alivamisile ukuba yisimo esinzima, kodwa lingaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi lingahlala iminyaka eminingana uma lingelashwa. Uma ihlombe lakho elifriziwe liphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke noma libangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, sekuyisikhathi sokuvakashela uchwepheshe futhi uqale ukwelashwa.

3. Ingabe ukushisa kuhle ehlombe eliqandisiwe?

Izimpendulo: Ukushisa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuqina kwelunga lehlombe. Ukusebenzisa i-compress efudumele noma ukuthatha ishawa elifudumele kungathuthukisa ukuhamba futhi kunciphise ukungakhululeki.

4. Ulala kanjani nehlombe elifriziwe?

I-Ans: Thola indawo enethezekile engasebenzisi ukucindezela okungadingekile ohlangothini oluthintekile. Ungasebenzisa futhi umcamelo ukusekela izingalo nehlombe noma uzame ukulala endaweni yokulala.

5. Ingabe ihlombe eliqandisiwe livamile ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela?

I-Ans: Yebo, ihlombe eliqandisiwe, elibuye laziwe nge-adhesive capsulitis, livame kakhulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele. Diabetes kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ihlombe elifriziwe.

6. Ingabe ihlombe eliqandisiwe lizophola ngokwalo?

Izimpendulo: Ihlombe elifriziwe lingathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile lidinga ukwelashwa ukuze kukhululeke izimpawu nokubuyisela uhla olugcwele lokunyakaza. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kungase kuthathe izinyanga kuya eminyakeni ukuzixazulula ngokwakho.

7. Ingabe ihlombe eliqandisiwe lingabangela ubuhlungu besifuba?

I-Ans: Ihlombe elifriziwe ngokuvamile alibangeli ngokuqondile ubuhlungu besifuba. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanehlombe elifriziwe bangashintsha ukuma kwabo noma amaphethini okunyakaza, okungase kuholele ekucindezelekeni kwemisipha noma ukungakhululeki endaweni yesifuba. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuhlolwa kodokotela ukuze ukhiphe ezinye izimbangela.

8. Imuphi udokotela okufanele ngiye kuye ukuze ngithole ihlombe elifriziwe?

Izimpendulo: Odokotela abahlinzayo bamathambo, odokotela bamathambo, noma ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokomzimba kanye nokuvuselela bangochwepheshe bezempilo abavamise ukwelapha ihlombe eliqandisiwe. Ukubonisana nodokotela onakekelayo kungase kube isiqalo esihle sokuhlola nokudluliselwa.

9. Ingabe i-massage ingasiza ngehlombe elifriziwe?

Izimpendulo: Ukwelapha ngokubhucunga kunganikeza ukukhululeka kwesikhashana ezimpawini zamahlombe eziqandisiwe ngokukhuthaza ukuphumula nokunciphisa ukungezwani kwemisipha. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukubhucungwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kuphephile futhi kusilungele isimo sakho. Kwezinye izimo, izivivinyo ezithile zokwelapha ngokomzimba zingase zibe nenzuzo eyengeziwe ekuthuthukiseni ububanzi bokunyakaza nokusebenza ehlombe.

10. Iyini imbangela yehlombe eliqandisiwe? 

I-Ans: Ihlombe eliqandisiwe lenzeka lapho izicubu ezixhumeneyo ezizungeze ilunga lehlombe ziba ukuqina futhi ziqine, zikhawulela ukunyakaza futhi zidale ubuhlungu. Isizathu esiqondile asihlali sicacile, kodwa singaxhunyaniswa nokulimala kwehlombe, ukuhlinzwa, noma izimo ezithile zempilo ezifana nesifo sikashukela.

11. Indlela yokubuyisela ngokushesha ehlombe elifriziwe? 

Izimpendulo: Ukuze kusheshiswe ukululama, kubalulekile ukulandela uhlelo lokwelapha olungaguquki, oluhlanganisa ukwelapha ngokomzimba nokuzivocavoca ukuzelula. Ukwenza njalo izivivinyo ezituswa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kwehlombe lakho. Ukuhlala usebenza nokuphatha noma yiziphi izimo zempilo ezicashile nakho kusekela ukululama okusheshayo.

12. Ingabe kulungile ukubhucunga ihlombe elifriziwe? 

Izimpendulo: Ukubhucungwa okuthambile kungaba usizo ekudambiseni ukungezwani kwemisipha kanye nokwenza ngcono ukujikeleza kwehlombe ehlombe eliqandisiwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukugwema izindlela zokubhucunga ezinolaka noma ezibuhlungu. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okusha, okuhlanganisa nokubhucungwa.

13. Kwenzekani uma ihlombe eliqandisiwe lingelashwa? 

I-Ans: Uma ihlombe elifriziwe lishiywe lingelashiwe, lingabangela ukuqina nobuhlungu isikhathi eside, okwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa ihlombe elithintekile. Isimo singagcina sithuthuke ngokwaso, kodwa ukwelashwa kungasiza ukusheshisa ukululama nokunciphisa ukungakhululeki.

CARE Medical Team

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