Ama-Eosinophils aphezulu

I-Eosinophilia isifo lapho umzimba wethu udala inani elikhulu ngokungavamile lama-eosinophil, uhlobo lwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe (WBC). Lawa maseli amhlophe egazi abalulekile ukuzivikela kwamasosha omzimba ngokumelene nezifo kanye nezifo. Isibalo se-eosinophil singasiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi umuntu unesifo sezokwelapha esingaphansi, njenge-autoimmune disorder, noma ukuthi umzimba wabo ulwa kuphela nokungezwani komzimba noma ukutheleleka. Akuvamile kakhulu, amazinga e-eosinophil aphakeme angase abangelwe izimo ezithile zezokwelapha nemithi.

Incazelo yama-Eosinophils

Ama-Eosinophils awuhlobo lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nesifo. Akhiqizwa umnkantsha wamathambo bese ethuthela ezicutshini ezihlukahlukene. Basiza umzimba wethu ekuzivikeleni ezifweni zefungal, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, nezimuncagazi, njengezikelemu. 

Ama-eosinophils ngokuvamile akha u-0.5–1% wawo wonke amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kubantu futhi awavamile ukudlula u-5% wawo wonke amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe. Isibalo se-eosinophil kubantu abanempilo singaphansi kwamaseli angama-500 nge-microliter ngayinye (amaseli/mcL). Isibalo sibhekwa siphezulu uma sidlula amaseli angu-500 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi futhi siphansi uma singaphansi kwamaseli angu-30 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. Amazinga e-Eosinophil ashintsha ngokuya ngeminyaka ezinganeni. 

I-Eosinophilia ihlukaniswa ngodokotela beqembu elilodwa lamaqembu amathathu. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• imnene (amaseli e-eosinophil angama-500-1,500 ngemL ngayinye)
• okuphakathi (1,500–5,000 eosinophil cells per ml)
• kakhulu (amaseli angaphezu kuka-5,000 eosinophil ngemL)

Izimbangela ze-Eosinophils Ephezulu

I-Eosinophilia ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nohlu lwezifo. Isibalo esiphezulu se-eosinophil singavela ngenxa yalokhu:

• izifo fungal
• Ukuntuleka kwe-adrenal gland
• Izimo ezihlukahlukene zegazi, kuhlanganise ne-leukemia
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo
• I-Eczema
• Izicubu zomdlavuza
• Ukutheleleka ngama-parasites, njengezibungu
• Izifo ezihlobene nokungezwani komzimba, njenge-hay fever
• I-Hypereosinophilic syndrome
• I-leukemia nezinye izifo zegazi
• Lymphoma
• Asthma
• Izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu, njenge-rhinitis

Ezinye Izimbangela Ezingenzeka

I-Eosinophilia ingabangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene:

• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokusabela kwemithi kuyizibonelo ezimbili zezimo ezivame ukwenzeka, ngokuvamile ezingeyona ingozi kakhulu.
• Imithi ethile
• Umdlavuza wegazi 
• Ukuguqulwa kofuzo 

Isibalo se-eosinophil esingaphansi kwe-avareji singase sibangelwe:

• Imiphumela Yotshwala
• Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile komzimba kwamanye ama-steroid (njenge-cortisol)

Izimpawu Nezimpawu Ze-Eosinophils Ephakeme

Izimpawu ze-eosinophil count ephezulu zihlanganisa:

• Rash
• Itching
• Isifo sohudo uma kwenzeka izifo ze-parasite
• Asthma
• Ikhala eligelezayo, ikakhulukazi uma lixhumene nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kwe-eosinophilic

Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezihlotshaniswa Ne-Eosinophils Ephakeme

Ezimweni ezithile, ama-eosinophil abangela ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi i-eosinophilic disorder noma i-hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), lapho singathinta khona esinyeni, isikhumba, amaphaphu, inhliziyo, njll. Ezinye izimo ezihambisana nokubala okuphezulu kwe-eosinophil yilezi:

• I-Eosinophilic cystitis: Kuyisimo sesinye.
• I-Eosinophilic pneumonia: Lesi simo sezempilo sithinta amaphaphu akho.
• I-Eosinophilic fasciitis: Lesi yisimo se-fascia, izicubu ezixhumeneyo ezigijima kuwo wonke umzimba.
• Izinkinga ze-Eosinophilic gastrointestinal (EGID): I-Eosinophilic esophagitis kanye nezimo ezithinta ikholoni yakho (amathumbu amakhulu), isisu, namathumbu amancane konke kufakwe ku-EGID.
• I-Eosinophilic granulomatosis ene-polyangiitis (EGPA): Lesi sifo, ngezinye izikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Churg-Strauss syndrome, sithinta inhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu, nezinye izitho zomzimba.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kwama-Eosinophils aphezulu

Esikhathini esiningi, ama-eosinophil aphezulu abonwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokugula ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile okubizwa ngokuthi a ukubala okuphelele kwegazi (CBC) enenani elihlukile lamaseli amhlophe egazi. Izinga eliphezulu lama-eosinophil ekuhlolweni kwegazi linganquma amazinga e-eosinophil egazini le-peripheral. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izivivinyo ezengeziwe okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze wazi ubucayi besimo:

• Ukuvivinya kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Ukuhlolwa kwesampula yendle
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe
• Ama-X-ray esifubeni
• Ama-biopsies ezicubu nomnkantsha

Uma umuthi uyimbangela ye-eosinophilia, kungase kungabi khona ukuhlolwa okuqondile kokuyikhomba. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi umuthi wawuwumthombo wenkinga uma isibalo se-eosinophil sibuyela kokujwayelekile ngemva kokumisa incwadi kadokotela. Amasampula endle ayaqoqwa futhi ahlolwe ukuze kutholakale izifo ezihlukahlukene zezimuncagazi.

Ukwelashwa kwama-eosinophils aphezulu

Ngokuvamile, inani le-eosinophil lingalungiswa ngokwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo noma imbangela yangempela. 

• Uma imbangela yokubala okuphezulu kwe-eosinophil kuyimithi ethile noma ukudla, udokotela ululeka ukuthi uyeke ukuzisebenzisa. 
• Uma isiguli sine-sinusitis engapheli noma i-allergies okuyimbangela ye-eosinophil ephezulu egazini, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa kwe-allergies ukuze abone izifo ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba. 
• Udokotela uzobhekana nanoma yiziphi izifo ezikhona uma ukutheleleka okuthile kuyimbangela. 
• Uma imbangela umdlavuza wegazi, izophathwa udokotela ngokufanele.

Ukuvimbela I-Eosinophils Ephezulu

I-eosinophilia ehlobene nokungezwani komzimba ingaxazululwa ngokusebenzisa imithi ukuze kuncishiswe ukungezwani komzimba nokusabela komzimba. Kodwa-ke, kunezikhathi lapho i-eosinophilia ingase ibe inkomba yesimo esibucayi sezempilo okufanele sigwenywe. Ukwenzeka kwe-eosinophilia kungancishiswa ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha, njenge:

• Gwema inhlanzi eluhlaza, inyama, iminenke, ama-prawn nokunye ukudla kwasolwandle.
• Geza izithelo nemifino kahle ukuze ukhiphe izimuncagazi.
• Gcina indawo okuzungezile ihlanzekile. 
• Gwema imithi ongezwani nayo.

Ukubaluleka Kokuxilongwa Ngesikhathi Kanye Nokwelashwa

Ukubambezeleka kokudluliselwa kanye nokwelashwa kwesibalo esiphezulu se-eosinophil kungase kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwesimo sesiguli. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhomba uhlobo oluthile kanye nembangela yama-eosinophil aphezulu. Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile ezigqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlonza ngokushesha nokubhekana nezimo zezokwelapha:

• Imiphumela Ethuthukisiwe: Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokungenelela kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono yokwelashwa. Ukuhlonza inkinga yezempilo ezinyathelweni zayo zakuqala kuvumela ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokungabi nolaka, ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga nokuthuthukisa amathuba okuba nomphumela omuhle.
• Ukuvimbela Ukuqhubeka: Izimo eziningi zezempilo, uma zingelashwa, zingathuthuka futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi bangenelele ngaphambi kokuba isimo sithuthuke, kuvinjwe izinkinga kanye nomonakalo ongalungiseki.
• Ikhwalithi Yempilo Ethuthukisiwe: Ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kungadambisa izimpawu, kuthuthukise inhlalakahle yonke, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila yabantu abanezimo zempilo. Ukulawula isimo esisesigabeni saso ngokuvamile kubangela izinga lempilo elingcono uma kuqhathaniswa nokubhekana nezifo ezithuthukile noma ezingalapheki.
• Izindleko Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Ezincishisiwe: Ukubhekana nezinkinga zezempilo kusenesikhathi kungasiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo siye ezigabeni ezithuthuke kakhulu kungase kudinge ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okumbalwa, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, kanye nemithi yesikhathi eside.
• Ukuvimbela Ukusabalala Kwezifo Ezithathelwanayo: Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwezifo emiphakathini. Ukuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela ukuqaliswa ngokushesha kwezinyathelo zokuzihlukanisa, ukulandelela ukuthintwa, kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha okufanele ukuqukatha lesi sifo.
• Izinkinga Ezincishisiwe: Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kungavimbela noma kunciphise izinkinga ezihlobene nezimo zezempilo ezihlukahlukene. Izinkinga ngokuvamile ziyinselele kakhulu ukuzilawula futhi zingase zibe nemiphumela yesikhathi eside empilweni yomuntu.
• Ukunika Isiguli Amandla: Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kunikeza iziguli ulwazi eziludingayo ukuze zibambe iqhaza ezinqumweni zazo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Inika abantu amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nezinketho zabo zokwelapha kanye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila.

Isiphetho 

Ngokuvamile, ukubala okuphezulu kwe-eosinophil akusona isizathu sokukhathazeka ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze anqume imiphumela yokubala okuphezulu kwe-eosinophil. Uma imbangela eyinhloko ye-eosinophilia isitholakele, udokotela uzonikeza ukwelashwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yini ethathwa njengenani eliphezulu le-eosinophil? 

Kubantu abadala, i-eosinophilia ivame ukuchazwa njengenani legazi lama-eosinophils angama-500 noma ngaphezulu nge-microliter ngayinye. Uhlu lwe-eosinophil oluphezulu luchazwa njengesibalo se-eosinophil esingaphezu kwamaseli angu-1,500 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi ehlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ibanga elijwayelekile lama-eosinophil ngamaphesenti liyi-1 kuya ku-6 % wegazi.

2. Ingabe ama-eosinophil aphezulu angaba uphawu lokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile? 

Amazinga aphezulu e-eosinophil angase abonise ukugula okuncane, njengokungezwani komzimba nemithi, noma isimo esibi kakhulu, njengokuphazamiseka kwegazi okuhlukahlukene.

3. Ingabe zikhona izimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezihlobene nama-eosinophil aphezulu? 

Igazi noma izicubu ze-eosinophilia zingabangelwa izifo eziningana ezithile kanye nokuphazamiseka, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Myelogenous thrombocytopenic purpura (MTP)
• Amagciwane
• Ukutheleleka kwezikelemu eziyindilinga ibizwa ngokuthi i-ascariasis

4. Ingabe ama-eosinophil aphezulu angaholela ezinkingeni? 

Ama-eosinophils ngezinye izikhathi angabangela ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-eosinophilic disorders noma i-hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). I-Eosinophilia ingaholela ekulimaleni kwezitho zokugcina, okungenzeka kuthinte noma yisiphi isitho somzimba.

CARE Medical Team

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