Ukuthuthumela

Wake wabhekana nezwi elihlabayo, eliqinile, elihoshozayo eliqhubeka izinsuku noma amasonto? Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi ukuhogela, indaba evamile kodwa evame ukunganakwa enomthelela vocal impilo. Nakuba kungabangeli ukuphazamiseka, ukuhogela kwezwi kungathinta ikhono lakho lokuxhumana. Le ndatshana ingena emhlabeni wokuhogela, ihlola izimbangela zayo, ukuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, izici eziyingozi, nezindlela zokuvimbela, ikunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele kwalesi simo sezwi.

Kuyini Ukuhosha?

Ihosha, noma i-dysphonia, yisimo esibonakala ngoshintsho olungavamile lwekhwalithi yezwi lomuntu. Ibonakala njengomsindo oraspy, strained, noma ophefumulayo lapho ukhuluma noma ucula. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izwi lingase lizwakale libuthakathaka, licindezelekile, noma lilahlekile ngokuphelele. Ngokuya ngembangela eyinhloko, ukuhogela kungase kube okuthambile, okuphakathi, kuqine, kube okwesikhashana noma kuphikelele.

Izimbangela Zokuhosha

Ukuhogela kungase kuphakame izici ezihlukahlukene ezithinta izintambo zezwi noma ukugoqa. Lezi zimbangela zezwi elihoshozayo zingahlukaniswa kabanzi ngalezi ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlukumeza Iphimbo Noma Ukulisebenzisa Kabi: Ukukhuluma ngokweqile, ukumemeza, noma ukucula ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngendlela efanele kungase kucindezele imisipha yezwi, okuholela ekuvuvukeni futhi kungaba imbangela yomphimbo oshisayo.
• Izifo Zokuphefumula: Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane, njenge- umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma i-laryngitis, ingabangela ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwezintambo zezwi, okuholela ekuhosheni.
• I-Trauma: Ukulimala emphinjeni noma izintambo zezwi kungaholela ekuhwebeni.
• I-GERD: Isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux singabangela i-asidi yesisu ukuthi ibuyele emuva emphinjeni, icunule futhi ilimaze izintambo zezwi.
• I-Allergies: Izinto ezingezwani nemvelo noma ukudla okungezwani nokudla kungabangela ukuvuvukala komphimbo nentambo yezwi, okuholela ekuhosheni.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukuntuleka kwe-hydration kungamisa izintambo zezwi, okuholela ekuhosheni kwesikhashana.
• Izilonda zeVocal Cord: Ukukhula noma izilonda ezintamboni zezwi, njengamaqhuqhuva, ama-polyp, noma ama-cysts, kungaphazamisa ukudlidliza kwawo okuvamile futhi kubangele ukuhosha.
• Izimo ze-Neurological: Izinkinga ezithile zemizwa, njenge-stroke noma Isifo sikaParkinson, kungalimaza imisipha ehilelekile ekukhulumeni nasekukhiqizeni izwi, okuholela ekuhosheni.
• Ukubhema Nezinto Ezingcolisa Imvelo: Ukuchayeka entuthwini kagwayi noma ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya kungase kucasule futhi kulimaze izintambo zezwi, kubangele ukuhogela.

Izinto Eziyingozi Zokuhosha

Izici ezithile zingandisa ubungozi bomuntu bokuqala ukuhosha noma ukukhulisa izinkinga zephimbo ezikhona. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Izidingo Zasemsebenzini: Ubungcweti obudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezwi isikhathi eside noma ngokweqile, njengokufundisa, ukukhuluma esidlangalaleni, noma ukucula, kungandisa ingcuphe yokuqina kwezwi kanye nokuhosha.
• Ukubhema: Intuthu kagwayi ingacasula futhi ilimaze izintambo zezwi, okuholela ekuhayizeni nezinye izinkinga zezwi.
• Ukusetshenziswa Utshwala: Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungaqeda amanzi emithanjeni yezwi futhi kubangele ukuhogela.
• Izifo Ezingamahlalakhona: Izimo ezithile ezingapheli, njenge-GERD, ufuba, noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, kungandisa ingozi yokuhosha ngenxa yokuvuvukala noma ukucasuka kwezintambo zezwi.
• Iminyaka yobudala: Njengoba abantu bekhula, izintambo zezwi ziba buthakathaka futhi zisengozini yokulimala noma ubunzima, okwandisa ingozi yokuhogela.

Sifo

Udokotela, ngokuvamile oyisazi se-otolaryngologist (uchwepheshe wezindlebe, ikhala, nomphimbo) noma udokotela ohlola izifo zolimi lokukhuluma, uzokwenza ukuhlola okuphelele ukuze ahlonze ukusho kwezwi ngokunembile, okuhlanganisa:

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Uchwepheshe we-ENT uzobuza mayelana nobude nobukhulu bokuhogela, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisanayo, nezici ezingaba yingozi noma izimo ezingaphansi.
• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Ukuze kutholakale okungavamile noma izilonda, uchwepheshe we-ENT angase ahlole emphinjeni nezintambo zezwi zisebenzisa izinsimbi ezikhethekile, njenge-laryngoscope noma i-endoscope.
• Ukuhlola Izwi: Udokotela angase enze izivivinyo zezwi ezihlukahlukene, njengokukhiqizwa konkamisa okuqhubekayo noma iziqephu zokufunda, ukuze ahlole ikhwalithi nezici zezwi.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bangase batuse amasu e-imaging afana nezikena ze-computed tomography (CT) noma i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ukuze kukhishwe ukungahambi kahle kwesakhiwo noma izimo ezingaphansi.
• I-Laryngoscopy: Uchwepheshe we-ENT uzokwenza i-laryngoscopy ukuze ahlole i-larynx yakho (ibhokisi lezwi) futhi athole izimo ezingaphansi.

Ukwelashwa Kwamahosha

Ukwelashwa kwe-hoarseness kuncike kwimbangela nobukhulu besimo. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula Kwezwi: Ukuphumula izwi ngokunciphisa ukukhuluma noma ukuhleba kungavumela izintambo zezwi ukuthi zilulame ekuvuvukeni noma ekucindezelekeni futhi kungaba yikhambi elisebenzayo lezwi elihoshozayo.
• IHydration and Voice Therapy: Ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi nokuzijwayeza ukuzivocavoca kwezwi noma amasu okwelapha ngezwi kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwentambo yezwi futhi kunciphise ukuhogela.
• Imithi: Kuye ngesizathu, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi yokwelapha umphimbo oshisayo, njenge kwemithi elwa namagciwane (yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane), imithi elwa ne-reflux (ye-acid reflux), noma i-corticosteroids (yokuvuvukala okukhulu).
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ezimeni zokulimala kwentambo yezwi noma okungavamile kwe-anatomical, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukuze kususwe noma kulungiswe inkinga ewumsuka.
• I-Voice Therapy: Ukusebenza nodokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma noma owelapha ngezwi kungasiza abantu ukuthi bafunde izindlela ezifanele zokukhuluma, ukuvivinya umzimba ukuphefumula, namasu okunciphisa ukungezwani kwezwi nokuthuthukisa impilo yezwi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ukuhosha ngokuvamile kungokwesikhashana futhi kuzixazulula ngokwakho, kunezimo ezithile lapho kunconywa ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha:

• Uma ukuhosha kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngaphandle kokuba ngcono.
• Uma ukuhoshozela kuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula.
• Uma kukhona isigaxa noma isisindo esibonakalayo ku intamo noma indawo yomphimbo.
• Uma uhlangabezana nokuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki noma ukukhwehlela okungapheli.
• Uma i-hoarseness ivela ngemuva kwesikhashana ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka entanyeni noma endaweni yomphimbo.

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ukuhogela kuhilela ukwamukela imikhuba enempilo yokukhuluma nokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• I-Vocal Technique Efanele: Ukufunda nokuzijwayeza amasu ezwi afanele, njengokusekela umoya, ukufudumala kwezwi, nokugwema ukukhandleka ngokweqile, kungasiza ukuvikela izintambo zezwi.
• I-Hydration: Ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi ngokuphuza inani eliphelele loketshezi kungagcina izintambo zezwi zigcotshiwe futhi zisebenze kahle.
• Gwema Izinto Ezicasulayo: Ukunciphisa ukuchayeka ezintweni ezicasulayo eziyingozi njengentuthu, ukuphuza kakhulu utshwala, nezinto ezingcolisa imvelo kunganciphisa ingcuphe yokucasuka kwephimbo kanye nokuhogela.
• Ukulawula Ukucindezeleka: Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka amazinga, njengezindlela zokuphumula noma ukwelulekwa, angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungezwani kwentambo yezwi kanye nokucindezeleka.
• Ukuphumula Kwezwi: Ukuvumela izwi ukuthi liphumule futhi lilulame ngemva kwezikhathi zokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma okukhandlayo kungavimbela ukukhathala kwezwi kanye nokuhogela.
• Ukukhulisa Izwi Okufanelekile: Ukusebenzisa izinto ezifanele zokukhulisa izwi, njengemibhobho noma izimiso zomsindo, kunganciphisa ukungezwani kwezwi ngokweqile ezimweni ezidinga ivolumu eyengeziwe.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Okuhosha

Nakuba ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha kubalulekile ekuphikeleni noma okunzima, amakhambi amaningana asekhaya anganikeza impumuzo futhi asekele ukululama kwezwi:

• I-Stay Hydrated: Ukuphuza uketshezi, njengamanzi, ama-herbal tea, noma imihluzi efudumele, kungasiza ukugcina izintambo zezwi zigcotshiwe futhi kunciphise ukucasuka.
• Ukuphumula Kwezwi: Ukunciphisa ukukhuluma noma ukuhleba ngangokunokwenzeka kungavumela izintambo zezwi ukuba ziphumule futhi zilulame.
• I-Humidification: Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier noma ukuphuza amanzi ashisayo kungasiza ukugcina umoya unomswakama, ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka ukoma nokucasuka kwezintambo zezwi.
• Ama-Lozenges Womphimbo noma Izifutho: Izithako zomphimbo ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta noma izifutho eziqukethe ama-numbing agents noma ama-demulcents angadambisa okwesikhashana ukuhogela kanye nokungakhululeki komphimbo.
• I-Salt Water Gargling: Amarinse anosawoti afudumele angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala futhi adambise izintambo zezwi ezicasukile.
• Uju: Ukudla iziphuzo ezifudumele ezinoju kungapholisa umphimbo wakho nezintambo zezwi.

Isiphetho

Ukuhosha yisimo esivamile sephimbo esingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekhonweni lomuntu lokuxhumana. Ngokuqonda izimbangela, izici zobungozi, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo, abantu bangathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze balondoloze impilo yezwi futhi bafune usizo lwezokwelapha olufanele lapho kudingeka. Khumbula, ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo, futhi ukwamukela imikhuba enempilo yokuphimisela nokukhetha indlela yokuphila kungahamba ibanga elide ekwehliseni ingcuphe yokuxega nokulondoloza impilo ende yephimbo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ukuhhewula kuvamile?

Ukuhosha yisimo esivamile esithinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka nezizinda. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa izici ezifana nokuhlukumeza amazwi, ukuphefumula izifo, i-acid reflux, noma izilonda zentambo yezwi. Nakuba ukuhayiza ngokuvamile kungokwesikhashana futhi kuzixazulula ngokwako, izimo eziqhubekayo noma ezinzima zingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

2. Ukuhoshozela kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude besikhathi sokuhosha bungase buhluke futhi buncike kusizathu esiyisisekelo kanye nobukhulu besimo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-hoarseness ebangelwa ukugula okuncane noma ukungezwani kwezwi kungase kuxazululwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya evikini ngokuphumula kwezwi okufanelekile kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, uma ukungezwani komzimba kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili noma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu zomphimbo oshisayo, funa ukungenelela kodokotela ukuze uthole imbangela kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.

CARE Medical Team

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