Ukulahlekelwa Ukudla

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kubonakala ukungabi khona komzwelo wendlala, okuhambisana nesifiso sokudla naphezu kokuhamba amahora amaningana ngaphandle kokudla. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kuthuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungase futhi kube umphumela omubi wemithi noma khombisa izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Ngokuxilongwa okufanele, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla kungelashwa.

Kuyini Ukulahlekelwa Isifiso sokudla?

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungase kubonakale njengokungabikho noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla. Ukulahlekelwa ukudla okungazelelwe nokuzizwa ugcwele kungase kwenzeke, noma kungase kuthuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, kungase kube imbangela yokukhathazeka.

Ukuphelelwa ukudla kusho ukuthi awuzizwa ulambile noma awufuni ukudla. Lokhu kungaholela kokuthi:

• Ukuzizwa ugcwele.
• Ukungathandi ukunambitheka, ukubona, noma iphunga lokudla (ukungathandi ukudla).
• Engafuni ukudla nabanye.

Kunezizathu eziningi zokulahlekelwa ukudla, okungenzeka kungazelelwe noma kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile kumayelana uma kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kweviki.

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu, njenge:

• Ukukhathala noma amandla aphansi.
• I-nausea noma ukuhlanza.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo.
• Izinguquko esikhumbeni sakho, izinwele, noma izinzipho.

Izinhlobo Zokungathandi Ukudla

• Ukulahlekelwa Emzimbeni Kwesifiso Sokudla:
  • Ukugula: Kubangelwa izifo, izifo ezingapheli, noma izimo ezifana nomdlavuza.
  • Imithi: Imiphumela emibi evela emithini, njengama-antibiotics noma i-chemotherapy.
  • Ubuhlungu: Ukungaphatheki kahle emzimbeni noma ubuhlungu okwenza ukudla kube nzima.
  • Izinkinga Zokugaya: Izimo ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu.
• Ukulahlekelwa Kwesokudla Kwengqondo:
  • Ukucindezeleka: Imizwa yokudabuka noma yokuphelelwa ithemba enciphisa isithakazelo ekudleni.
  • Ukukhathazeka: Ukucindezeleka kanye ukukhathazeka kungaholela ekubeni nesicanucanu kanye nokuntula isifiso sokudla.
  • Izinkinga Zokudla: Izimo ezifana ne-anorexia noma i-bulimia ezithinta indlela yokudla.
• Ukulahlekelwa Kwesifiso Sokudla:
  • Izinguquko Zempilo: Imicimbi efana nokunyakaza, izinguquko zomsebenzi, noma izindaba zobudlelwano ezithinta imikhuba yokudla.
  • Izimo Zomphakathi: Ukugwema ukudla nabanye ngenxa yokukhathazeka komphakathi noma ukungakhululeki.
  • Izici Zesiko: Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila noma izinguquko zamasiko ezithonya izintandokazi zokudla.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokulahlekelwa ukudla kanye ne-anorexia? 

Igama lezokwelapha lokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla i-anorexia. Uma uphelelwa isifiso sokudla, awuzizwa ulambile. Lokhu kuhlukile nesifo sokudla i-anorexia nervosa, lapho umuntu angase azizwe elambile kodwa akhethe ukunciphisa ukudla. Ezimweni zokulahlekelwa ukudla (i-anorexia), asikho isifiso sokudla ngoba umuzwa wendlala awukho.

Ukulahlekelwa Inkanuko Yokuvinjelwa

• Gcina Ukudla Okunempilo: Yidla a Ukudla okunazo zonke nenala yezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, namaprotheni angenalutho ukusekela impilo yonke.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukuze uvimbele kwamanzi emzimbeni, okungase kuthinte isifiso sokudla.
• Ukudla Okuvamile: Yakha isimiso ngokuba nezikhathi zokudla ezivamile ukuze ukhuthaze imikhuba yokudla engaguquki.
• Ukunciphisa Ukucindezeleka: Zijwayeze amasu okunciphisa ukucindezeleka, njengokucabanga, ukuzindla, noma ukuvivinya umzimba, ukusiza ukuphatha izici ezingokomzwelo ezingase zithinte isifiso sokudla.
• Lawula Izimo Zezempilo: Sebenza nabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze ulawule ngempumelelo izifo ezingelapheki, njengoba zingathinta isifiso sokudla.
• Gwema Ukweqa Ukudla: Zama ukungeqi ukudla, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekwehliseni indlala futhi kukwenze kube nzima ukukudla kamuva.

Iyini imiphumela emibi yokuphelelwa isifiso sokudla?

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungaholela ekungondlekeni nasekuncipheni isisindo. Uma kungabhekwana nayo, kungase kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Ukudla okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze uphile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwekhalori enganele kungenza buthaka izinhlelo zomzimba wakho, okuholela emiphumeleni engathi sína, engase ibeke ukuphila engozini.

Yini Ebangela Ukulahlekelwa Isifiso Sokudla?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi ezibangela ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Ezimweni eziningi, ingase ixazulule ngokwayo noma ngosizo lwe-a umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ochwepheshe. Nazi ezinye izimbangela zokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla.

Izimo zokwelashwa

Iziguli zingase zibe nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla ngenxa yezimo ezithile zezempilo. Lezi zimo zingabandakanya:

• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• I-Hypothyroidism
• Ukwehluleka kwesibindi okungapheli
• ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-Dementia
• HIV
• Isifo sofuba
• Amanqamu
• Imithi ethile

Ukukhulelwa nakho kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala.

Iziguli ezinomdlavuza zingase futhi zilahlekelwe isifiso sokudla, okungase kubangele ukwelashwa okuthile noma uma umdlavuza ugxile ezindaweni ezithile ezifana nesisu, ama-ovaries, ikholoni, noma kwamanyikwe.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane

Amagciwane noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane kungase kube esinye sezizathu eziphezulu zokulahlekelwa ukudla. Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungabangelwa izifo ezifana sofuba, inyumoniya, i-meningitis, i-colitis, i-gastroenteritis, nabanye. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla kungaxazululwa.

Imithi

Izidakamizwa ezithile ezingekho emthethweni kanye nemithi kadokotela nakho kungabangela ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Ama-antibiotics, i-codeine, i-morphine, noma izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy ziphakathi kwemithi enqunyiwe engase ibe nomthelela ekulahlekelweni yisifiso sokudla.

Izimbangela ezingokwengqondo

Kungase kube nezimbangela ezingokwengqondo ezingaholela ekwehliseni isifiso sokudla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu asebekhulile bangase baphelelwe isifiso sokudla ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo. Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungenzeka kubantu abacindezelekile, abakhathazekile, abadabuke kakhulu, noma abasosizini. Ukucindezeleka kungase futhi kube isici esibangela ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla.

Abantu abaphethwe i- yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla njenge-anorexia nervosa ingase ibe nenzondo yokudla ngokuvamile, okungase kuholele kancane kancane ekwehliseni isifiso sokudla.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zokungathandi Ukudla?

Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukuba nentshisekelo encane yokudla
• Ukungathandi ukudla, ngisho nezitsha ozithandayo
• Ukudla okungekho
• Ukushintsha kwesisindo, ngokuvamile ukwehla okubonakalayo

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, njenge:

• Ukukhathala
• Isimo sengqondo esiphansi
• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• Ubuthakathaka emisipheni
• ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo
• Izinguquko esikhumbeni, izinzipho, noma amazinyo

Ukuxilongwa Kwe-Appetite

Lapho bevakashela udokotela, bangase babuze imininingwane ephathelene nezimpawu, nanoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezikhona isiguli esingaba nazo, futhi bahlole isisindo nobude besiguli. Udokotela angase futhi abuze nganoma yimiphi imithi ayeyinikezwe ngaphambili kanye nemikhuba yokudla yesiguli.

Udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa okuthile, okungase kuhlanganise:

• I-ultrasound yesisu
• Isibalo segazi esiphelele/ okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi, izinso, kanye ne-thyroid
• Ukuhlolwa kwepheshana lesisu ngama-endoscopies
• I-CT scan yekhanda, isifuba, isisu, noma i-pelvis

Esimeni sokukhulelwa noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV, ukuhlolwa okuqondile kungenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe lezi zimo.

Izinto ezithinta i-Appetite

Izici ezihlukahlukene zingathonya isifiso somuntu sokudla, futhi ezinye izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukudla: Ngokusho kocwaningo lwango-2017 mayelana nokudla kwe-ketogenic (keto), abantu bavame ukuzwa ukwanda kokuqala kwesifiso sokudla lapho beqala ukudla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba beqhubeka behlisa isisindo futhi benamathela ekudleni cishe amasonto amathathu, lokhu kudla okukhulayo kuvame ukuncipha. Ukudla kwe-keto kubonakala ngamafutha aphezulu kanye nokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukufaka amaprotheni anele ekudleni kungathuthukisa imizwa yokugcwala nokusutha ngemva kokudla, okungase kusize ukulawula isifiso sokudla.
• Impilo Yengqondo: Inhlalakahle yomuntu engokomzwelo idlala indima ebalulekile ekufuneni kwakhe ukudla. Ukucindezeleka noma usizi kungase kuholele abanye abantu ukuba badle ukudla okwengeziwe njengendlela yokubhekana nesimo, kuyilapho abanye bengase babe nesifiso esinciphile sokusabela kule mizwa. Izimo zempilo yengqondo ezifana ukucindezeleka kungakhuphula noma kunciphise isifiso sokudla, abanye abantu besebenzisa ukudla njengendlela yomvuzo. Ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla okunjengokungadli kahle kungaholela ekudleni ngokweqile, ngokuvamile okulandelwa imizwa yecala namahloni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-anorexia nervosa, ehilela ukuvinjelwa kakhulu ukudla, inganciphisa isifiso sokudla ngisho nalapho umzimba udinga ukondliwa.
• Ukukhulelwa: Isifiso sokudla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa singathonywa yizici ezinjengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nokucindezela komzimba okwenziwa umbungu okhulayo esiswini. Abanye besifazane abakhulelwe bangase bezwe ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla. Izidakamizwa batusa amasu afana nokudla okuncane, ukudla okuvamile, ukukhetha ukudla okunothe amandla njengezithelo, amantongomane, noshizi, nokulungisa ama-smoothie aminyene ngezakhi ukuze usize ukukhulisa isifiso sokudla. Ukukhulelwa kungase kubangele izifiso, futhi imikhuba yamasiko ingase ibe nomthelela ezinhlotsheni zokudla ezifiswa abesifazane ngalesi sikhathi, okungase kuholele ekudleni ngokweqile.
• Imithi: Imithi eminingana inamandla okuba nomthelela ekwesuleni komuntu, kanti eminye ingase iholele ekuzuzeni isisindo. Le mithi ihlanganisa leyo esetshenziselwa ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi (isb., i-metoprolol), imithi ethile yesifo sokuwa, imithi ethile yesifo sikashukela, ama-antipsychotics, amahomoni e-steroid afana ne-prednisone, kanye nama-antidepressants athile afana ne-paroxetine ne-sertraline. Le mithi ingashintsha indlela umuntu athanda ngayo ukudla nendlela adla ngayo.

Kwelashwa Kanjani Ukulahlekelwa Isifiso Sokudla?

Udokotela angase atuse imithi ethile ukuze abuyisele isifiso sokudla esivamile. Uma ukulahlekelwa ukudla kubangelwa izimo eziyisisekelo, ukulahlekelwa ukudla okufanele kungase kunconywe, noma isiguli singathunyelwa kwabanye ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe emkhakheni ofanayo.

Uma isiguli sinenkinga yezempilo yengqondo noma ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla, singase selulekwe ukuba sifune usizo kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo.

Umuthi Wokulahlekelwa Isifiso Sokudla

Imithi yokwelapha ukulahlekelwa ukudla ingase ibekwe udokotela oya khona. Le mithi ingase iqondiswe ekubhekaneni nokukhathazeka okuthile okungase kubangele izimpawu zokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Kwezinye izimo, le mithi ingasiza ukubuyisela amazinga esifiso sokudla abe jwayelekile.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa isifiso sokudla

Uma umuntu engakuthandi ukudla kuwumphumela wesimo sezempilo esicashile, ukubhekana naleso simo kungase kuholele ekuthuthukeni kwesifiso sakhe sokudla. 

• Ukukhetha ukudla okubukekayo nokunephunga elimnandi.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka ngezinongo ezinuka kamnandi namakhambi.
• Ukudala i-ambiance ejabulisayo yesikhathi sokudla ngomculo kanye nesethulo sokudla esikhangayo.
• Ukudla okuncane, okuvamile usuku lonke.
• Ukugcina amashejuli okudla angaguquki.
• Ukuhlela ukudla kusenesikhathi.
• Ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi.

Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izici zendlela yokuphila njengokulala, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nengcindezi nakho kunomthelela ekusaseni:

• Ukuqinisekisa inani elanele lokuphumula.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo.
• Ukusebenzisa imithi yokwehlisa isicanucanu uma kufanele.

Ngesikhathi sokubona udokotela

Uma ukulahlekelwa isisindo kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokubona ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma ukulahlekelwa ukudla kuhlotshaniswa nokucindezeleka, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, noma ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla, kufanele kufunwe usizo lwezokwelapha. Iziguli ezibhekene nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka zingase futhi zizuze ngokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esimweni sokulahlekelwa ukudla.

Ukwelashwa kokulahlekelwa Isifiso sokudla ekhaya

Ukuzama amakhambi asekhaya okulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla kungase kusebenze uma imbangela ingahlobene nezokwelapha. Nawa amakhambi asekhaya okulawula ukulahlekelwa ukudla:

• Ukuzama ukudla ukudla okuphekwe ekhaya okuthandayo.
• Ukuyodla ngaphandle nabangani noma nomndeni.
• Ukugxila ekudleni ukudla okukodwa ngosuku okuqukethe zonke izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezidingwa umzimba.
• Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuncane okusakazeke usuku lonke kungase kube usizo.
• Ukuzivocavoca okulula kodwa okuvamile kungase kusize ukuvusa isifiso sokudla.
• Kunconywa ukuphuza iziphuzo zezempilo ezicebile ngamaprotheni njengama-almond milkshakes 

Ungakwazi ukulawula ukulahlekelwa ukudla ekhaya ngokwenza lokhu:

• Ukudla Ukudla Okuvamile: Zama ukudla ukudla okuncane kwasekuseni, kwasemini nakusihlwa, ngisho noma ungalambile.
• Ukudla Ukudla Okunoketshezi: Uma ungazizwa kahle, ukudla okuwuketshezi njengesobho, amajusi ezithelo, noma iziphuzo zezemidlalo kungaba lula ukukuphatha. Landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho mayelana nokudla okuwuketshezi.
• Eating Bland Foods: Khetha ukudla okuthambile, okunefayibha ephansi okungezona izinongo noma okuthosiwe, njengemikhiqizo yobisi, inyama eyosiwe, imifino, isinkwa, nama-crackers, ukugwema ukucasuka esiswini.
• Ukukhetha Ukudla Okunomsoco: Gxila ekudleni okucebile ngamaprotheni, amavithamini, namaminerali ukuze ubuyisele ngokushesha noma yiziphi izakhamzimba ezingekho.
• Ukuhlela Ukudla Nabanye: Ukudla nomndeni noma abangani kungakunikeza ukusekela futhi kukukhuthaze ukuba uthole imisoco edingwa umzimba wakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ukulahlekelwa ukudla ngenxa yokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka? 

Ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokucindezeleka kuphakathi kwezimbangela zokulahlekelwa ukudla okungazelelwe. Kungenzeka kancane kancane noma ngokuzumayo. Ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe lokulawula izimpawu kungasiza ekubhekaneni nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla.

2. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngingenaso isifiso sokudla? 

Ukuzama amakhambi asekhaya okulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla kungase kube usizo. Uma isimo singathuthuki phakathi nesonto, kuyatuseka ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

3. Ukuntula ukudla kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani? 

Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla kungathatha amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Izikhathi ezimfushane zokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla zingase zingathinti, kodwa ukuntula isifiso sokudla isikhathi eside kungabonisa izinkinga zempilo ezicashile.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuphelelwa isifiso sokudla kanye ne-anorexia?

Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kuwukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinto zesikhashana ezifana nokugula, ukucindezeleka, noma imithi. I-Anorexia isifo sokudla esibonakala ngokwesaba okukhulu ukukhuluphala, isimo somzimba esihlanekezelwe, nemizamo eyeqisayo yokulawula ukudla okudlayo, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwesisindo.

5. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuphelelwa isifiso sokudla?

Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuzizwa usuthi ngokushesha, ukungabi nandaba nokudla, ukweqa ukudla, ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe, nokuntuleka kwamandla.

6. Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukuze ngelaphe ukungakuthandi ukudla?

Yidla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile, khetha ukudla okunomsoco, gwema iziphazamiso ngenkathi udla, hlala ungenayo amanzi, futhi ucabange ukudla okunokunambitheka okukhangayo kanye nendlela yokwenza. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kungavusa isifiso sokudla.

7. Iyini imiphumela engemihle yokuphelelwa isifiso sokudla?

Imiphumela engemihle ingase ihlanganise ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba, ukuntula ukudla okunomsoco, ukukhathala, ukuba buthakathaka, nokuncipha kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni.

8. Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kungavinjelwa kanjani?

Gcina ukudla okunomsoco, lawula ingcindezi, uhlale umatasatasa, gwema ukubhema notshwala ngokweqile, futhi ulawule izimo zempilo ezicashile ngokushesha.

9. Ingabe i-CBD ingabangela ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla?

I-CBD (cannabidiol) akwaziwa ukuthi ibangela ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Eqinisweni, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi kungase kuvuselele isifiso sokudla kubantu abathile.

10. Ingabe ukungakuthandi ukudla kuwuphawu lokukhulelwa?

Yebo, abanye besifazane babhekana nokulahlekelwa kwesikhashana kokudla ekukhulelweni kokuqala ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal nokugula kwasekuseni. Nokho, abanye bangase babe nesifiso esikhulayo sokudla.

11. Yini ebangela ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla kungazelelwe?

Izimbangela zingabandakanya izifo, ingcindezi, imithi (njengemithi elwa namagciwane noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali), ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, izinguquko zamahomoni, kanye nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka.

12. Isifiso sokudla siyehla eminyakeni emingaki?

Isifiso sokudla singancipha ngokuya ngeminyaka, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka ephakathi, ngenxa yezinguquko kumetabolism, amazinga okusebenza, nokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni.

13. Yikuphi ukudla okwandisa isifiso sokudla?

Ukudla okungase kwandise isifiso sokudla kuhlanganisa ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi njengenyama engenamafutha, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi, amantongomane kanye nembewu. Ukwengeza, ukudla okunambitheka okuqinile noma izinongo, nokudla okuncane, okuvamile kungasiza ekuvuseni isifiso sokudla.

CARE Medical Team

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