Iqhubu Ngaphansi Kwekhwapha

Ukuthola izigaxa zamakhwapha kungaba yinto ephazamisayo, kushiye abaningi bezibuza ngembangela yako kanye nemithelela engaba khona. Nakuba kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, kubalulekile ukubhekana nesimo ngolwazi nokuqonda. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuveza izimbangela ezihlukahlukene zezigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha, izimpawu zazo, izinqubo zokuxilonga, izinketho zokwelapha, nezindlela zokuvimbela. Ngokuhlola lesi sihloko ngokujulile, sithemba ukudambisa okungadingekile ukukhathazeka futhi ikunikeze amandla ngolwazi oludingayo ukuze ubhekane nalesi simo ngempumelelo.

Izimbangela Zezigaxa Ngaphansi Kwekhwapha

Izigaxa ezingezansi kwekhwapha zingavela ezicini ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezimweni ezibucayi kuye ezindabeni ezibucayi kakhulu. Okulandelayo ezinye zezizathu ezivamile zesigaxa ekhwapheni:

• Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes: Izindawo ezinama-lymph ziyizakhiwo ezincane ezimise okukabhontshisi futhi ziyingxenye ebalulekile yamasosha omzimba. Uma zivuvukala noma zandiswa, zingakha izigaxa eziphawulekayo ngaphansi kwekhwapha. Amagciwane afana nomkhuhlane ovamile, umkhuhlane, noma ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane angabangela lokhu kuvuvukala.
• Imithi yokugoma: Imithi yokugoma ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukuvuvukala kwesikhashana kwama-lymph nodes ngaphansi kwekhwapha njengengxenye yokusabela komzimba komzimba. Lokhu kuvuvukala kuvamise ukuzixazulula ngokwakho emavikini ambalwa.
• Ama-cysts: Ama-cysts amasaka agcwele uketshezi akhula ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, kuhlanganise nendawo yamakhwapha. Zingabangelwa yizindlala ezivalekile noma ezivuvukele, ukulimala, noma ezinye izimo ezikhona.
• I-Lipomas: I-Lipomas ayinawo umdlavuza, izigaxa ezinamafutha ezingavela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Nakuba ngokuvamile zingenabungozi, zingakhula ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zingadinga ukususwa uma zibangela ukungaphatheki kahle noma ukukhathazeka ngezimonyo.
• Umdlavuza Webele: Kwezinye izimo, isigaxa esingaphansi kwekhwapha singabonisa umdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinjengokushintsha kosayizi webele, ukuma, noma ukuphuma kwengono. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umdlavuza wamabele onezigaxa ekhwapheni, futhi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.
• Izimo zesikhumba: Izimo zesikhumba, ezifana ne-hidradenitis suppurativa noma i-folliculitis, zingakha amathumba noma izigaxa ezibuhlungu ekhwapheni.
• Ukuhlukumezeka noma Ukulimala: Amandla ashubile noma ukulimala endaweni yekhwapha ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubangele ukukhula kweqhubu noma ukuvuvukala ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwegazi noma olunye uketshezi.

Izimpawu Zezigaxa Ngaphansi Kwekhwapha

Izimpawu ezihambisana nezigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha zincike kumbangela. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izigaxa ezivamile ngaphansi kwe-armpit izimpawu zihlanganisa:

• Isigaxa esizwakalayo noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yekhwapha
• Ubuhlungu noma ububele ekhwapheni
• Ububomvu noma ukufudumala ezungeze isigaxa
• Umkhuhlane noma amakhaza (uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka)
• Ukushintsha umbala kwesikhumba noma izinguquko endaweni yekhwapha
• Ubunzima bokunyakazisa ingalo noma ihlombe (ezimeni ezinzima)

Ukuxilongwa Kwezigaxa Ngaphansi Kwekhwapha

Uma uthola isigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha lakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kweqhubu kusenesikhathi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlola Umzimba: Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela isigaxa, ahlole ubukhulu baso, ukuthungwa, nokuhamba. Bangase futhi bashaye izandla kuma-lymph nodes azungezile kanye nezicubu zamabele (kwabesifazane) ukuze bahlole noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle.
• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Uchwepheshe wakho womdlavuza webele uzobuza ngomlando wezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa noma yiziphi izifo zakamuva, ukuhlukumezeka, imijovo yokugoma, noma izici eziyingozi ezingase zibe nomthelela ekukhuleni kwesigaxa.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ngokuya ngokutholwe kokuqala, udokotela wakho angase enze izivivinyo ze-imaging njenge-ultrasound, i-mammogram (yabesifazane), noma i-CT scan ukuze uthole umbono ongcono wesigaxa nezicubu ezizungezile.
• I-Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-biopsy ukuze athole isampula yesigaxa ukuze ahlaziywe okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuhlaziya kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi isigaxa siyingozi noma sibi.

Isigaxa Ekwelapheni Kwangaphansi Kwekhwapha

Isigaxa esingaphansi kwamakhwapha siya ngembangela ewumsuka kanye nesimo sesimo. Nawa amakhambi ajwayelekile eqhubu lamakhwapha:

• Ama-antibiotics: Uma ukutheleleka kubangela isigaxa, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphuze ama-antibiotics ukulwa namagciwane abangela lesi simo.
• Umuthi: Ngokuya ngembangela yesigaxa, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi elwa nokuvuvukala noma eminye imithi ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma ezinye izimpawu.
• Ukuthuthwa kwamanzi noma Ukususwa Kokuhlinzwa: Udokotela wakho angase atuse ukukhishwa kwamanzi noma ukususwa kokuhlinzwa ama-cysts, amathumba, noma ezinye izigaxa ezigcwele uketshezi ukuze kwehliswe ukungaphatheki kahle futhi kuvinjwe ezinye izinkinga.
• Ukulinda Ukuqapha: Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi izigaxa ezinhle ezingabangeli noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki noma izinkinga, udokotela wakho angase atuse indlela "yokulinda ngokuqaphela", ukuqapha isigaxa nganoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukuqhubeka.
• Ukwelapha Umdlavuza: Uma isigaxa kutholakala ukuthi sinomdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo oluphelele lokwelapha, olungahlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, i-radiotherapy, imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, noma inhlanganisela yakho konke lokhu kwelashwa.

Prevention

Nakuba kungezona zonke izigaxa ezingaphansi kwekhwapha ezingagwemeka, kunezinyathelo ezithile ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ubungozi bakho:

• Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka futhi ugcine indawo yamakhwapha ihlanzekile futhi yomile ukuze uvimbele izifo noma izimo zesikhumba.
• Gwema izingubo ezimpintshayo noma zangaphansi ezingase zidale ukungqubuzana noma ukucasuka endaweni yamakhwapha.
• Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokudla olulinganiselayo kanye nokujwayelekile Ukuvivinya, ukusekela ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba jikelele.
• Zihlole njalo ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izinguquko noma okungajwayelekile kusenesikhathi.
• Yiya njalo ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha futhi ulandele izincomo zikadokotela wakho zokuhlolwa kokuzivikela.

Umfonele Nini Udokotela

Kubalulekile ukufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha uma ubona noma yikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Isigaxa esikhulayo noma esishintshayo ngosayizi, ukuma, noma ukuthungwa
• Isigaxa esingaphansi kwekhwapha sibuhlungu noma sihambisana nokubomvu, ukufudumala, noma imfiva
• Isigaxa esiphikelelayo noma esingasuki ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa
• Noma yikuphi okuphathelene noshintsho esicutshini sebele noma ukukhishwa kwezingono (kwabesifazane)
• Noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingajwayelekile noma eziqhubekayo

Isiphetho

Ukuthola isigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha kungaba yinto ethinta inhliziyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izigaxa eziyimbangela yokwesaba. Ungakwazi ukubhekana nalesi simo ngolwazi nokuzethemba ngokuqonda izimbangela ezihlukahlukene, izimpawu, nezinqubo zokuxilonga. Khumbula ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, landela izincomo zikadokotela wakho, futhi ubeke phambili izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuze ulondoloze impilo yakho yonke kanye nokuphila kahle.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngithola isigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha lami?

Uma uthola isigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha lakho, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha kudokotela wakho. Bazokwenza ukuhlola okuphelele futhi batuse uphenyo oluhlukahlukene ukuze kutholakale imbangela yesigaxa samakhwapha. Gwema ukuzama ukuxilonga noma ukwelapha isigaxa ngokwakho, njengoba ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.

2. Ingabe isigaxa esingaphansi kwekhwapha singaba nomdlavuza?

Yebo, kwezinye izimo, isigaxa esingaphansi kwekhwapha singabonisa umdlavuza webele noma okunye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izigaxa ezinomdlavuza, futhi eziningi zibangelwa izimo ezibucayi njengezifo, ama-cysts, noma amafutha. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kanye nokuxilongwa okufanele kuyadingeka ukuze kunqunywe uhlobo lwesigaxa.

3. Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zesigaxa esithelelekile ngaphansi kwekhwapha?

Izimpawu ezivamile zesigaxa esinegciwane ngaphansi kwekhwapha zihlanganisa ububomvu, ukufudumala, ukuthamba noma ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imfiva noma amakhaza. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha kubalulekile, njengoba ukutheleleka kungase kudinge ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic noma amanzi.

4. Ngabe isigaxa sikakhwapha sinjani?

Ukuthungwa nokubukeka kwesigaxa sekhwapha kungahluka futhi kuye ngezimbangela eziwumsuka. Ezinye izigaxa zingase zizwe ziqinile noma ziqinile, kanti ezinye zingase zithambe noma zinyakaze. Ezinye izigaxa zingase zibe buhlungu noma zibe thambile lapho uzithinta, kanti ezinye zingase zingabi nezimpawu. Ukuthola noma yisiphi isigaxa esihlolwe ngudokotela ukuze sihlonzwe kahle futhi silashwe kubalulekile.

5. Yini eyenza isigaxa esingaphansi kwekhwapha sihluke kwabesilisa nabesifazane?

Izigaxa ngaphansi kwekhwapha zingahluka phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yomehluko we-anatomical kanye nokwakheka komzimba. Izigaxa kumakhwapha kwabesifazane ngokuvamile zingahlotshaniswa nezicubu zebele kanye nama-lymph nodes ahlobene nempilo yebele. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube uphawu lomdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi uma izinguquko ezicutshini zebele noma ukukhishwa kwengono kuhambisana nakho. Isigaxa ekhwapheni kowesilisa mancane amathuba okuthi sihlobane nomdlavuza webele, kodwa kusengadalwa izimo ezifana nalezi. ama-lymph node avuvukile, ama-cysts, noma ezinye izinkinga eziwumsuka.

CARE Medical Team

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