Ikhala Eligelezayo

Ikhala eligijima lingaba yinkinga ephazamisayo ethinta abantu banoma iyiphi iminyaka. Lesi simo esivamile senzeka lapho uketshezi oluningi luphuma emakhaleni, lubangele ukungakhululeki nokucasuka. Ukuqonda izimbangela zekhala eligijimayo nendlela yokwelapha kungakusiza ukuba ulawule lesi sibonakaliso esicasulayo ngokuphumelelayo.

Kule bhulogi, ake sihlole izizathu zekhala eligijima futhi sixoxe ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezihlukahlukene. Sizobheka izimbangela zekhala eligijimayo, kusuka imikhuhlane evamile ku-allergies, futhi unikeze imininingwane ngamakhambi asebenzayo ekhala eligijima. Uzofunda mayelana nokwelashwa kwekhala eligijima ekhaya, okuhlanganisa amakhambi alula asekhaya kanye nezixazululo ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta. 

Iyini Ikhala Eligelezayo?

Ikhala eligelezayo, ngokwezokwelapha elaziwa ngokuthi i-rhinorrhea, lenzeka lapho amafinyila amaningi econsa noma ephuma ekhaleni. Lesi simo esivamile senzeka lapho ulwelwesi lwamafinyila oluvale imigodi yamakhala lukhiqiza amafinyila ngokushesha kunokuba angacutshungulwa. Ngenxa yalokho, imigodi yamakhala iyagcwala, okungenzeka ivimbe indlela yokuphefumula futhi kubangele ubunzima bokuphefumula ngamakhala.

Izimpawu ze-Runny Nose

Uphawu lwesici salesi simo ukuchithwa ngokweqile kwe-mucus yamakhala. Abantu abanekhala eligijimayo bangase babe nezimpawu ezengeziwe ezifana nalezi:

• Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal
• Ukuluma ngaphakathi kwekhala
• Sneezing
• Ukudonswa kweposi 

Kwezinye izimo, i-mucus eyeqile ingaholela ezinkingeni ezifana i-sinusitis, ubuhlungu bendlebe, noma umphimbo obuhlungu. 

Ukungaguquguquki nombala wokuphuma kwamakhala kungahluka kuye ngembangela ewumsuka. Isibonelo, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezibandayo kanye namazinga okushisa kuvame ukuphumela ekuphumeni kwamanzi amaningi, kuyilapho izifo zivame ukukhiqiza amafinyila ashubile.

Ezimweni eziningi, ikhala eligijimayo lingokwesikhashana, kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe ne-rhinorrhea engapheli. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwalesi simo kungasiza ekuboneni izinketho zokwelashwa ezifanele futhi ulawule izimpawu ngokuphumelelayo.

Izinkinga ze-Runny Nose

Ikhala eligijimayo linezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezifweni ezivamile kuya ezintweni ezizungezile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile, umkhuhlane, kanye ne-COVID-19 kuvame ukuholela ekhaleni eligijima. 
• I-Allergies, noma i-rhinitis ye-allergic, nayo iphumela ekhaleni eligijimayo lapho umzimba usabela ezintweni ezingezwani nezifo ezinjenge-pollen, i-pet dander, noma uthuli.
• Amazinga okushisa abandayo angacasula ulwelwesi lwamakhala, abangele ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila okweqile ukuze kugcinwe ikhala limanzi. 
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus kungabangela ikhala eligelezayo elinofinyila oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza. 
• Ama-polyps ekhala (ukukhula okuhle ngaphakathi kwekhala) nawo angaholela kulolu phawu.
• Imithi ethile, ukukhulelwa, ngisho nokukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi ngokweqile kungabangela ukugeleza kwekhala. 
• Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuvuza kwe-cerebrospinal fluid noma ukuphuma kwe-opioid kungase kubangele lolu phawu.
• Ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa i- nonallergic rhinitis, ebangelwa izinto ezicasulayo njengentuthu kagwayi noma iphunga elinamandla, ne-gustatory rhinitis, eyenzeka lapho udla ukudla okubabayo. 

Ukwelashwa Kwekhala Eligelezayo

Amakhala amaningi agijimayo azixazulula wona ngokwawo ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, izinketho eziningana zingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zinikeze ukukhululeka, njenge:

• Ukuphumula futhi Ugweme Okucasulayo: Izimo eziningi zekhala eligijimayo zixazulula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, qinisekisa ukuphumula okwanele ukuze usekele ukululama komzimba futhi ugweme intuthu, iphunga elinamandla, noma ezinye izinto ezicasulayo ezingase zibe zimbi kakhulu izimpawu.
• I-hydration: Ukuhlala u-hydrated kubalulekile, njengoba kunciphisa amafinyila futhi kwenza kube lula ukuwakhipha. 
• Ama-Humidifiers: Ukwengeza umswakamo emoyeni ongaphakathi nge-humidifier kungadambisa amaphaseji omile noma acasukile.
• Imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta: Ama-expectorants asiza amafinyila amancane, ama-decongestants ashwabene amakhala, futhi ama-antihistamine asiza ngamakhala ahambisana nokungezwani komzimba. 
• Izifutho ze-saline nasal zinikeza ukwelashwa kwemvelo ukugeza imigudu yamakhala.

Nokho, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imiyalelo futhi uxhumane nodokotela onguchwepheshe ngaphambi kokunikeza le mithi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ikhala eligijimayo livame ukuzikhulula ngokwalo, izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Umuntu ngamunye kufanele abonane nodokotela uma:

• Ikhala eligijimayo liyaphikelela, libe libi kakhulu, noma lishintshe umbala (amafinyila aphuzi noma aluhlaza)
• Ikhala eligijimayo noma ukuminyana kuthatha ngaphezu kwamasonto amathathu noma kwenzeka ngomkhuhlane
• Ukukhishwa kuphuma ekhaleni elilodwa, ikakhulukazi uma kunephunga elibi noma kunegazi
• Kuphakama ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuvuvukala kubonakala esiphongweni, emehlweni, ohlangothini lwekhala, noma esihlathini
• Umbono uba lufifi
• Ukuphuma emakhaleni kulandela ukulimala ekhanda, ikakhulukazi uma kucacile futhi kunamanzi.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Ekhala Eligelezayo

Amakhambi amaningana ekhala lasekhaya angasiza ekudambiseni ikhala eligijima, njenge:

• Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi, ikakhulukazi amanzi, kungaba yindlela yokwelapha ikhala eligijima ekhaya. 
• Iziphuzo ezishisayo njengetiye lemithi ngokuvamile ziwusizo kakhulu kunezibandayo ngenxa yokushisa kwazo nesitimu, ezivula futhi ziqede imigudu yokuphefumula.
• Ukuhogela isitimu esifudumele esivela ku-humidifier noma ngesikhathi sokugeza kubonakale kuphumelela ekuthuthukiseni ukwakheka kwamafinyila. Isitimu sobuso singaphinda sixege amafinyila futhi sinikeze ukukhululeka. 
• I-compress efudumele noma indwangu yokuwasha esiphongweni nasekhaleni izikhathi ezimbalwa nsuku zonke ingase idambise ingcindezi ye-sinus futhi ithuthukise izimpawu futhi ingaba ikhambi elisebenzayo lekhala eligijimayo.
• Ukuchelela emakhaleni ngethuluzi elibizwa nge-neti pot kuyindlela evamile ezindabeni ze-sinus, kuhlanganise namakhala agijimayo. Le ndlela isiza ukugeza ikhala futhi inciphise ukungakhululeki. 
• Kulabo ababhekene nokuminyana, ukudla okubabayo kungase kunikeze ukukhululeka kwesikhashana ngokuncipha kwamafinyila. I-Capsaicin (inhlanganisela ekhona kupelepele) ingadambisa izimpawu zekhala eligijimayo elibangelwa ukuminyana lapho lifakwa ekhaleni.

Prevention

Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuvimbela ikhala eligijimayo, kunezinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngegciwane kanye nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukuze bagweme ukusakazeka kwamagciwane, abantu kufanele bageze izandla njalo, baqhelelane nalabo abanomkhuhlane, futhi bakhwehlele endololwaneni. 
• Ukudla ngendlela enempilo nokuzivocavoca njalo kungathuthukisa amasosha omzimba. Kubalulekile ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezivamile, njengeziqongo zasekhishini, amashalofu okugqoka, izibuko, amathoyizi, izibambo zeminyango namatafula.
• Hlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngemithi yokugoma.
• Abantu bangahlala endlini ukuze bagweme ukungezwani komzimba lapho inani lempova liphezulu, ikakhulukazi ekuseni kakhulu nangezinsuku ezinomoya. Ukugcina amafasitela evaliwe ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile nokusebenzisa isimo somoya kungasiza. 
• Lapho usebenza ngaphandle, ukugqoka imaski yothuli kuyancomeka. Ngemva kokungena endlini, ukushintsha izingubo nokugeza kungasusa izinto ezingezwani nomzimba. 
• Abantu abazwela uboya bezilwane kufanele bagweme ukuthintana namakati nezinja.
• Ukusebenzisa ama-antihistamine kungavimbela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ukubhekana nekhala eligijimayo, ukuphumula okuningi, ukuhlala uhlanzekile, nokushaya kancane ikhala kunganikeza impumuzo. Kuwukuhlakanipha futhi ukuhlala ekhaya ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa amagciwane kwabanye.

Isiphetho

Ikhala eligijimayo, kuyilapho ngokuvamile liyinkathazo encane, lingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha, ezihlanganisa amakhambi asekhaya kanye nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta, inikeza impumuzo ezimeni eziningi. Ukuhlala umanzi, ukusebenzisa ukuchelela ngamakhala, kanye nokuhogela isitimu kuyizindlela ezilula kodwa ezisebenzayo zokudambisa ukungaphatheki kahle.

Ukwazi ukuthi kufanele uthintane nini nodokotela ochwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze uvimbele izinkinga. Nakuba ikhala eligijimayo liziphumela ngokwawo, izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma lezo ezihambisana nemfiva zingase zidinge ukuhlolwa kukadokotela. Ukuze kuncishiswe izimo zekhala eligijimayo, ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko, ukuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, nokulawula i-allergies yizinyathelo ezibalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa le mininingwane, abantu bangabhekana kangcono nalesi simo esivamile futhi balondoloze inhlalakahle yabo iyonke.

FAQ sika

1. Ikhala eligijimayo lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude bekhala eligijimayo buncike kumbangela yalo. Ikhala eligelezayo ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile ngokuvamile lihlala izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-14. Kodwa-ke, kuphakama cishe ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kwezi-3 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Ukungezwani komzimba nakho kungabangela ikhala eligijimayo ukuthi liqhubeke kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha phakathi nenkathi yempova entwasahlobo, ehlobo, noma ekwindla inqobo nje uma ukuchayeka ku-allergen kusaqhubeka. 

2. Ingabe ikhala eligijima lingabangela izinkinga?

Nakuba ngokuvamile kungenangozi, ikhala eligijima ngezinye izikhathi lingaholela ezinkingeni ezincane. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-postnasal drip: Amafinyila amaningi anganqwabelana futhi aconse emphinjeni, abangele umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nokukhwehlela.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus: Iziqephu ze-sinus ezivinjiwe zingase zibangele ukutheleleka okubuhlungu kwe-sinus, okungenzeka kudinga imithi kadokotela.
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe noma ukutheleleka: Uma amafinyila amaningi abuyela eshubhu le-eustachian, angabangela ubuhlungu bendlebe noma isifo sendlebe.

UDkt. MA Muqsith Quadri

I-MBBS, MD
CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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