Umdlavuza wesibeletho (Umdlavuza we-Endometrial)

Umdlavuza wesibeletho, noma umdlavuza we-endometrial, uyisitha esithule kodwa esesabekayo esithinta isimiso sokuzala sowesifazane. Nakuba ingase ingakutholi ukunakwa komphakathi njengeminye imidlavuza, umthelela wayo ungaba mkhulu, futhi ukuqonda ubunjalo bayo kubalulekile ukuze ihlonzwe futhi iphathwe kusenesikhathi.

Uyini Umdlavuza Wesizalo?

Isimila esibelethweni yi-a uhlobo lomdlavuza elisuka esibelethweni, isitho esingenalutho esimise okwepheya esinqeni sowesifazane lapho umbungu ukhula khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wesibeletho umdlavuza we-endometrial (umdlavuza wolwelwesi lwesibeletho), oqala ku-endometrium (ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho). Nakuba ngokuyinhloko kuyisifo sabesifazane asebekhulile, singaphinde sithinte abantu abasha, okwenza kube ukukhathazeka kubo bonke abesifazane. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukubikezela kanye namazinga okusinda.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wesizalo?

Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-endometrial zingaba ezicashile futhi ngokuvamile zingabonakali, yingakho ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa "umbulali othule." Nokho, ezinye izimpawu ezivamile yilezi:

• okungajwayelekile ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma amabala, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukopha kakhulu ukuya esikhathini noma ukopha phakathi nokuya esikhathini
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic noma ingcindezi 
• Ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini
• Ukukhishwa okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungase kube amanzi, pink, noma mhlophe futhi akuhlobene nokopha kokuya esikhathini
• Ubunzima bokuchama noma umuzwa wokugcwala esinqeni
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
• Ukukhathala 

Ngeshwa, lezi zimpawu zinganakwa kalula noma zibhekiswe kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kubambezeleke ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-endometrial.

Yini Ebangela Umdlavuza Wesizalo?

Isizathu esiqondile somdlavuza wesibeletho asaziwa ngokuphelele, kodwa izici ezimbalwa zobungozi ziye zaqashelwa. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo somzimba eseqile, ikakhulukazi endaweni yesisu, kuyingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Ukungalingani kweHormone: Izimo ezibandakanya ukweqisa kwe-estrogen, njenge i-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) noma ukwelashwa kwe-estrogen, kungandisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Ubudala: Amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho ayanda njengoba umuntu ekhula, evame ukwenzeka kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
• Umlando womndeni: Abesifazane abanesihlobo esiseduze (umama, udadewabo, noma indodakazi) esike saba nomdlavuza wesibeletho banethuba eliphezulu lokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 basemathubeni aphezulu okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho.

Izinkinga zomdlavuza wesibeletho (Umdlavuza we-Endometrial)

Umdlavuza wesibeletho, uma ungelashwa noma ungabonwa, ungaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene ezingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yowesifazane. Lezi zinkinga zingabandakanya:

• Sabalala ezithweni zasendaweni njengama-ovari, amashubhu e-fallopian, noma esinyeni, okwenza lesi sifo sibe nzima kakhulu ukuselapha.
• Amathumbu kanye ukungasebenzi kahle kwesinye (uma kwenzeka unomdlavuza wesibeletho osezingeni eliphezulu) okuholela ebunzimeni bokuchama nokuphuma kwamathumbu.
• Ubuhlungu nokungaphatheki kahle, okungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yowesifazane.
• I-Metastasis - isakazekela ezithweni ezikude, njengesibindi namaphaphu, okungase kube yingozi empilweni.

Ukuxilongwa KweCancer Yesizalo

Umdlavuza wesibeletho uvame ukubonakala ngezimpawu ezicashile, okwenza kube nzima ukuwubona usaqala. Uma owesifazane ebona ukopha okuphikelelayo noma okungajwayelekile esithweni sangasese, kubalulekile ukuba afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Udokotela ngokuvamile uzohlola i-pelvic futhi angase enze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholwe umdlavuza wesibeletho, njenge-ultrasound, biopsy, noma isampula ye-endometrial, ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa. Lezi zindlela zokuxilonga zinganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nosayizi womdlavuza, indawo, kanye nesiteji, okubalulekile ekunqumeni uhlelo olufanele lokwelapha.

Ukwelapha Umdlavuza Wesizalo

Ukwelashwa nokuphathwa komdlavuza kuncike esigabeni kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza we-endometrial kanye nempilo yonke yesiguli kanye nezinto azithandayo. 

Ezigabeni zokuqala, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko yokususa izicubu ezinomdlavuza futhi kuvinjwe ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo. Ukuhlinzwa kungase kuhlanganise a hysterectomy, okuwukukhishwa kokuhlinzwa kwesibeletho sonke futhi, kwezinye izimo, ishubhu elilodwa noma womabili amashubhu namaqanda.

Ukuze uthole izinhlobo ezithuthuke kakhulu noma ezinolaka zomdlavuza wesibeletho, kungase kudingeke inhlanganisela yokwelashwa. Radiotherapy, esebenzisa amagagasi anamandla amakhulu ukucekela phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza, angasetshenziswa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. I-Chemotherapy, ehlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla zokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahlukana ngokushesha, ingase futhi inqunywe ukuthi iqondise amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele noma ukuvimbela isifo ukuthi singasakazeki.

Eminyakeni yamuva, intuthuko ekwelapheni okuhlosiwe inikeze ithemba elisha ezigulini ezinomdlavuza wesibeletho. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezintsha ziqondise izindlela ezithile zamangqamuzana ezihilelekile ekukhuleni nasekusakazekeni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Angasetshenziswa nemithi yokwelapha yendabuko noma njengenketho ezimele ezigulini okungenzeka azifaneleki ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile.

Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Wesizalo

Izinyathelo abesifazane abangazithatha ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho, zihlanganisa:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo nokuzivocavoca njalo 
• Ukunciphisa i-hormone therapy, ikakhulukazi i-estrogen-hormone therapy
• Ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kuzici eziyingozi ezaziwayo njengokubhema kanye nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile
• Ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa, okufana nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap kanye ne-endometrial biopsy, nakho kungasiza ekutholeni umdlavuza ezigabeni zawo zokuqala lapho welapheka kakhulu.

Uyombona Nini Udokotela?

Abesifazane kufanele baqaphele impilo yabo yezifo zabesifazane futhi bafune usizo lwezokwelapha uma beba nezimpawu ezingajwayelekile noma ezibeleselayo. Kuyaphawuleka kulabo abanezici eziyingozi ezaziwayo zomdlavuza wesibeletho, njengomlando womndeni wesifo noma umlando we-endometrial hyperplasia, isimo esiyingozi esingaholela kumdlavuza wesibeletho.

Uma owesifazane ebona noma yiziphi izinguquko emjikelezweni wakhe wokuya esikhathini, ebona ukopha okungalindelekile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, noma ezwa ubuhlungu be-pelvic noma ubuhlungu. Uma kunjalo, ukuhlela isikhathi sokuhlangana nodokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka kubalulekile. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezihlukene zomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu esiyisixwayiso somdlavuza wesibeletho noma we-endometrial ayijwayelekile ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukubona amabala, okungenzeka phakathi kwemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini noma ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukucindezela kwe-pelvic noma ubuhlungu, ubunzima bokuchama, nokuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali.

2. Ingabe umdlavuza wesibeletho uyelapheka?

Umdlavuza wesibeletho ngokuvamile uwuhlobo lomdlavuza olulapheka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma utholwa futhi welashwa ekuqaleni. Ngokwelashwa okusheshayo nokufanelekile, abesifazane abaningi abanomdlavuza wesibeletho bangakwazi ukuzuza ukuxolelwa kwesikhathi eside noma ngisho nokwelapha okuphelele.

3. Ingabe umdlavuza wesibeletho ubuhlungu kakhulu?

Umdlavuza wesibeletho ungase ungabangeli ubuhlungu obuphawulekayo ezinyathelweni zawo zokuqala, njengoba lesi sifo ngokuvamile singathuthuka ngaphandle kokuveza izimpawu eziphawulekayo. Nokho, njengoba umdlavuza ukhula, kungenzeka bangela ubuhlungu be-pelvic, ukuminca noma ukungakhululeki. Izinga lobuhlungu lingahluka futhi lincike esiteji nendawo yesimila.

4. Ingabe umdlavuza wesibeletho usakazeka ngokushesha?

Izinga umdlavuza wesibeletho osakazeka ngalo lingahluka futhi lincike ohlotsheni kanye nesigaba sesifo. Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza wesibeletho ubhekwa njengomdlavuza okhula kancane, futhi kungase kuthathe iminyaka eminingana ukuthi lesi sifo sisakazekele kwezinye izitho noma izicubu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ngama-subtypes anolaka kakhulu, umdlavuza ungasakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

5. Umdlavuza we-endometrial uvame kangakanani eminyakeni yobudala?

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial uyinhlobonhlobo evamile yomdlavuza wesibeletho futhi ngokuvamile utholakala kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-70. Ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrial ikhuphuka ngokukhula, futhi izimo eziningi zenzeka kwabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini.

6. Yini okufanele ngiyibuze yami umhlinzeki wezempilo?

Lapho uxoxa nodokotela wakho ngomdlavuza wesibeletho, cabanga ngokubuza imibuzo elandelayo:

• Hlobo luni lomdlavuza wesibeletho enginaso, futhi sikusiphi isigaba?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu zecala lami elithile?
• Yimiphi imiphumela engemihle engaba khona kanye nezingozi ezihlobene nokwelashwa okunconyiwe?
• Kukangaki ngidinga ukwenza ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela nokuhlolwa?
• Ingabe kukhona ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila noma izinyathelo zokuvimbela engingazithatha ukuze nginciphise ingcuphe yokuphinda ngiphinde?
• Ungakwazi yini ukunginikeza izinsiza zemfundo noma izinsiza zokusekela ukuze ungisize ngiqonde kangcono futhi ngilawule isimo sami?

UDkt. Yugandar Reddy

I-MBBS, i-MS (Ukuhlinzwa Okujwayelekile), i-DNB (I-Oncology Yokuhlinza)
I-Gurunanak CARE Hospitals, Musheerabad, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, HITEC City, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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