Ukungabi namandla

Wonke umuntu uba buthakathaka emzimbeni ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakhe. Lesi simo esivamile singasukela ekubeni nomuzwa wesikhashana wokukhathala kuya ekukhathazekeni okukhulu kakhulu kwezokwelapha okuthinta imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ubuthakathaka buthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke futhi bungabonisa izimo zempilo ezingaphansi. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokukhathala okuvamile nokuba buthakathaka kusiza abantu babone ukuthi kufanele bafune usizo lwezokwelapha nini. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinhlobo, izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha zobuthakathaka, isiza abafundi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yabo.

Buyini Ubuthakathaka?

Ubuthakathaka bubhekisela ekuntuleni amandla ngokomzimba noma emisipha, lapho abantu behlangabezana nobunzima bokuhambisa imisipha yabo noma ukwenza imisebenzi evamile. Igama lezokwelapha lalesi simo lithi asthenia. Lapho ebhekana nobuthakathaka, ubuchopho bomuntu ngokuvamile busebenza ngokujwayelekile, kodwa umzimba wabo wenyama ubonisa umthamo oncishisiwe wokunyakaza noma amandla.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zobuthakathaka?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ubuthakathaka ngezigaba eziningana ezihlukene ngokusekelwe endleleni obuthinta ngayo umzimba. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene kusiza ekuxilongweni nasekulapheni okufanele.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zobuthakathaka zihlanganisa:

• Ubuthakathaka Bemisipha: Kuthinta imisipha ethile noma amaqembu emisipha, okwenza kube nzima ukunyakaza noma ukuphakamisa izinto. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile lubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-neuromuscular. Odokotela babona izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zobuthakathaka bemisipha:
  • Ubuthakathaka Okuyisisekelo (Kweqiniso) Kwemisipha: Ukungakwazi ukwenza izenzo ezivamile zemisipha ngisho nasemzamweni wokuqala, ngokuvamile okuholela emisipha ye-floppier kanye nokunciphisa inqwaba.
  • Ukukhathala Kwemisipha: Umuzwa wokukhathala noma ukukhathala lapho usebenzisa imisipha, lapho umsipha usakwazi ukusebenza kodwa kudinga umzamo owengeziwe
  • Ukukhathala Kwemisipha: Isimo lapho imisipha iqala ngokujwayelekile kodwa ikhathale ngokushesha futhi kuthathe isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukululama
• Ubuthakathaka Okuvamile: Kuthinta lonke uhlelo lomzimba, kubangele ukukhathala okuphelele nokuncipha kwamazinga wamandla. Lolu hlobo luvame ukwenzeka ngezimo zesistimu noma izifo.
• Ubuthakathaka Bendawo: Ivela ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba, njengengalo eyodwa noma umlenze. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile lubangelwa ukulimala kwezinzwa noma ukulimala ezindaweni ezithile.
• Ubuthakathaka Besistimu: Kuthinta umzimba wonke futhi ngokuvamile kuhlobene nezimo ezingapheli noma izifo.
• Ubuthakathaka besifunda: Kuthinta izingxenye ezithile zomzimba, ezinjengobuthakathaka ezingalweni, futhi kungase kuhlanganise izimpawu ezifana nokushosha kwemisipha noma ukundindizela. 
• Ubuthakathaka Bomzimba Ogcwele: Kuhilela wonke umzimba futhi ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokukhathala okukhulu.

Izimbangela Zobuthakathaka

Izimo zezokwelapha ezivame ukudala ubuthakathaka zihlanganisa:

• Amagciwane: Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane ngokuvamile zibangela ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile
• Izinkinga ze-Endocrine: Izimo ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni, njengezinkinga zegilo
• Izimo Zezinzwa: Ukuphazamiseka okuthinta imizwa nemisipha
• Izifo ze-Autoimmune: Izimo ezithile lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezinempilo
• Izinkinga Zenhliziyo: Izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezithinta ukujikeleza kwegazi

Izingozi Zezingozi

Ziningana izici zendlela yokuphila zandisa ingozi yokuba nobuthakathaka:

• Ukudla Okunomsoco: Ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwamavithamini namaminerali, kunomthelela omkhulu ezimpawu zobuthakathaka obujwayelekile. 
• Ukungalali ngokwanele: Izindlela zokulala ezingezinhle nemijikelezo yokuphumula engavamile kungaholela ekukhathaleni okungapheli nokuba buthakathaka. 
• Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala: Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba noma ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesikhathi esanele sokululama kuthinta amandla emisipha kanye namazinga wamandla aphelele.
• Izici Zemvelo: Izinto eziningi, njengokuchayeka okwedlulele emazingeni okushisa adlulele, izindawo ezinengcindezi ephezulu, kanye nokungcola, zingaba nomthelela wamandla omzimba futhi zibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuthakathaka.
• Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala: Ukuguga kukhulisa ukuthambekela ebuthakathakeni, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebekhulile abangase babe nesisindo somzimba esincishisiwe kanye namazinga aphansi wamandla.

Izimpawu Zobuthakathaka

Okulandelayo ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile zobuthakathaka obungokomzimba:

• Ubunzima bokunyakaza: Izinkinga zokuhamba, ukuphakamisa izinto, noma ukwenza imisebenzi evamile
• Ukushintsha Kwemisipha: Ukudikiza, ukuminyanisa, noma ukundindizela okuzenzakalelayo
• Izinkinga zokuxhumanisa: Ubunzima bokunyakaza okuqondile noma ibhalansi
• Izinselele zokuphefumula: Ukuphefumula kanzima, ikakhulukazi lapho ubuthakathaka buthinta imisipha yesifuba
• Izinkinga Zombono: Umbono kabili noma ubunzima bokulawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo
• Izinguquko Zenkulumo: Izinkinga zokukhuluma ngokucacile noma ukugwinya

Izinkinga

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezihlobene nobuthakathaka zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhiqiza Kwehlisiwe: Ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi evamile kanye nemisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ikhwalithi Yomthelela Wempilo: Ikhono elincishisiwe lokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi
• Izinkinga Zezempilo Zesibili: Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zezokwelapha ezengeziwe
• Ukulinganiselwa ngokomzimba: Ingozi eyengeziwe yokuwa nokulimala
• Imiphumela Yempilo Yengqondo: Ukucindezeleka kanye nokuhlukaniswa nomphakathi

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ubuthakathaka bungabonisa izimo ezisongela ukuphila ezifana unhlangothi or isifo senhliziyo, ezidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 

Abantu abanobuthakathaka obungapheli ngokuvamile babhekana nezinselele zempilo ezengeziwe, kuhlanganise nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ubuhlungu obungapheli, nokukhathala ngokweqile. 

Sifo

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kuvame ukufaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Ukuhlola amandla emisipha, ama-reflexes, nokuxhumana
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzwa: Ukuhlola ukusebenza kobuchopho nesimiso sezinzwa
• Izivivinyo zegazi: Ukuhlola ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, izinkinga zegilo, kanye nezifo
• Izifundo ze-Imaging: I-MRI noma i-CT scans ukuhlola ubuchopho nomgogodla
• Ukuhlolwa Okukhethekile: Kubandakanya i-electromyography (EMG) yokuhlola ukusebenza kwemisipha nezinzwa

Ukwelashwa

Okulandelayo izinketho zokwelashwa kobuthakathaka okuvamile:

• Ukwelashwa Kwemvelo: Ukuzivocavoca okuqhubekayo kokuqinisa nokuqeqeshwa kokuhamba
• Ukwelapha Umsebenzi: Imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwansuku zonke nokuxhumana
• Imithi: Kusukela kuma-counter-the-counter reducers kuya emithini kadokotela
• Izinguquko Zokudla: Ukwenza ngcono ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokubhekana nokushoda
• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila: Imikhuba engcono yokulala nokulawula ingcindezi
• Ukwelashwa Kwasekhaya: Odokotela bavame ukutusa ukuqala ngezindlela zokwelapha ekhaya zezimpawu zobuthakathaka obujwayelekile obumaphakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlala ungenawo amanzi, ukulondoloza ukudla okufanele, nokwandisa kancane kancane ukuzivocavoca umzimba. 
• Ukwelashwa Okuhlosiwe: Lapho ubuthakathaka bubangelwa izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, odokotela bangase banikeze ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, imithi yegilo isiza ekulawuleni ubuthakathaka obubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwegilo, kuyilapho ama-antibiotic elapha ubuthakathaka obubangelwa izifo. Abanye abantu bayazuza ekwelashweni okuyinhlanganisela, ikakhulukazi lapho bebhekene nezimo ezingamahlalakhona ezidinga ukuphathwa kwesikhathi eside.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Isiqondiso sezokwelapha esisheshayo siyadingeka uma othile ehlangabezana:

• Ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe noma ukuba ndikindiki ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukushintsha umbono
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukudideka noma isiyezi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu nge umfutho wegazi ophansi

Isiphetho

Ubuthakathaka buthinta abantu ngendlela ehlukile, kusukela ekukhathaleni kwesikhashana kuya ezimeni ezibucayi zezempilo ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Odokotela manje babona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zobuthakathaka futhi baqonda izimbangela zabo ezihlukahlukene, okwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile nokwelashwa kufinyeleleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Abantu abanobuthakathaka kufanele banake izimpawu zabo futhi bafune usizo lwezokwelapha lapho ludingeka, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Odokotela banganikeza izinketho eziningi zokwelapha, kusukela ekwelapheni ngokomzimba kuye emithini yemithi, kuye ngembangela ewumsuka yobuthakathaka.

Isihluthulelo sokulawula ubuthakathaka sisekubonweni kusenesikhathi kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha okufanele. Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukuphatha ngempumelelo izimpawu zabo zobuthakathaka futhi balondoloze izinga lempilo yabo ngokuxilonga, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila. Ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga futhi kuqinisekise imiphumela engcono yezempilo iyonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ngingabubona kanjani ubuthakathaka bami?

Ukukhomba amandla akho kanye nobuthakathaka bakho, ukukhuthaza ukuzazi kubalulekile. Usuku ngalunye zinike isikhathi sokuzindla ngemicabango, imizwa nezenzo zakho. Cabangela ukuthi kungani wenza ukukhetha okuthile noma ukuthi usabela kanjani ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.

2. Busho ukuthini ubuthakathaka mayelana nobuntu?

Ebuntwini, amandla abhekwa njengolwazi, izimfanelo, amakhono, namakhono anenzuzo, kuyilapho ubuthakathaka buphambene. Ubuthakathaka yizici zomlingiswa noma amakhono abonakala njengemibi noma engathuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa izindawo ezingaboni ngaso linye, amakhono angathuthukisiwe ngokwanele, noma ukuziphatha komuntu siqu okuyinkinga.

3. Kusho ukuthini ubuthakathaka ngokwezempilo?

Kumagama ezokwelapha, ubuthakathaka, noma i-asthenia, ibhekisela ebuthakathakeni bomzimba noma ukuntuleka kwamandla. Ingenziwa endaweni ethile ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba noma umuzwa ovamile othinta wonke umzimba. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngezimbangela nezimpawu ezihlobene ne-asthenia.

4. Yimaphi amanye amagama asho ubuthakathaka?

Amazwi afanayo ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphutha, ukushiyeka, izono, ukushiyeka, ukwehluleka, ubuthakathaka, ubuthakathaka, ububi, ukuba buthaka, ubuthakathaka, ubuthakathaka, ubumnandi, ukuncipha, ukuqina, ubuthakathaka, ubuthakathaka, ukungabi namandla, ukuba sengozini, ukungabi namandla, nokuthuthumela kungabhekisela ebuthakathakeni.

UDkt. Vivek Ashok Chourasia

BPTh, M.Ph.T, PGDMLS
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

2