Ukushisa

Ukuphefumula kuwukubonakaliswa okuvamile kokuphefumula okungabangela ukungakhululeki nokukhathazeka. Ibonakala ngomsindo wekhwela ophakeme owenzeke ngesikhathi sokuphefumula. Nakuba ukushaywa umoya kungase kube uphawu lwesimo esiyisisekelo sesistimu, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimbangela zako ezihlukahlukene. Ake sazi okwengeziwe ngenkinga yokuvunguza nezimpawu zayo, sihlole izimbangela zako, sigqamise izici eziyingozi, sichaze inqubo yokuxilonga, sichaze izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, futhi sinikeze isiqondiso sokuthi ungaluthola nini usizo lwezokwelapha. 

Kuyini I-Wheezing?

Umsindo ohefuzayo wumsindo wokuphefumula okuwukushaywa kwekhwela okuphezulu noma umsindo oklewulayo. Kwenzeka lapho imigudu yokuphefumula incipha noma ivaleka, okubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. Ukuphefumula ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhipha umoya kodwa kungazwakala ngesikhathi sokuhogela nokukhipha umoya. Ngokuvamile kuba uphawu lwesimo sokuphefumula esingaphansi, kanye nezici ezengeziwe, njengokuvuvukala, isikhwehlela ukwakheka, noma ukuminyana kwamaphaseji omoya, kungaba nomthelela ekwenzekani kwawo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-wheating ngokwayo akusona isifo kodwa kuwukubonakaliswa kwenkinga ewumsuka.

Izimpawu Zokuhefuzela

Ngaphezu komsindo wekhwela ophakeme, ukushaywa umoya kuvame ukuhambisana nezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise: 

• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Iziqephu ze ukukhwehlela
• Ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokungajulile
• Umuzwa wokucinana esifubeni
• Abantu bangase bazizwe bekhathazekile noma bengaphumuli ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula nokungakhululeki.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nokushaywa umoya ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla ngokomzimba noma ezindaweni ezithile, kanti abanye bangase babe nokuphefumula okuphikelelayo usuku lonke. Ukunaka lezi zimpawu kubalulekile njengoba zinganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile lokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele.

Izimbangela Zomsindo Wokuphefumula

Ukushaywa umoya kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezimeni ezithambile kuye kwezinzima. 

• Asthma yisifo sokuphefumula esingamahlalakhona esibonakala ngokuvuvukala komzila womoya kanye nokuzwela okukhulu. Kungabangela ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, ukuhefuzela, nokuqina kwesifuba.
• Izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula okuphezulu, okuhlanganisa umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile, zingaholela ekuvuvukeni kanye nokunqwabelana kwamafinyila emigwaqweni yomoya, kubangele ukuphefumula.
• Izimo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula, njenge-bronchitis, isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), kanye ne-pneumonia, nazo zingabangela ukuphefumula. 
• Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezingezwani nemvelo, okuhlanganisa izibungu zothuli, impova, i-pet dander, noma isikhunta, kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba nokuphefumula.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe- izintambo zezwi kungaholela ekuphefumuleni okungavamile kanye nokushaywa umoya, okuvame ukubangelwa ukucindezeleka noma ukuvivinya umzimba.
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungase kubangele ukunqwabelana koketshezi emaphashini, okuholela ekuhefuleni, ikakhulukazi lapho ulele phansi.

Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezicasulayo njengentuthu noma amakhemikhali kungabangela ukuvuvukala komgudu wokuphefumula, okuholela ekuphefumuleni kanye nokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila.

I-Wheezing Risk Factors

Izici ezithile zingathuthukisa ubungozi bokushaywa umoya. 

• Abantu abanomlando womndeni wokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma isifuba somoya maningi amathuba okuba bahlakulele imimoya. 
• Ukubhema, kokubili okusebenzayo noma okusetshenzisiwe, kuyisici esiyingozi esibalulekile njengoba kucasula imigudu yokuphefumula futhi kubangela ukuvuvukala. 
• Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezingcolisa imvelo, njengezibungu zothuli noma i-pet dander, kungabangela ukuphefumula kubantu abazwelayo. 
• Iminyaka yobudala ingadlala indima, lapho izinsana kanye nabantu abadala abadala besengozini yokushaywa umoya ngenxa yezinhlelo zabo zokuphefumula ezibuthakathaka.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwandisa amathuba okuba uhefuze, njengoba isisindo somzimba eseqile singafaka ingcindezi isifuba nesisu, okuholela ebunzimeni bokuphefumula.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuzivocavoca kungase kubangele ukushaywa umoya, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanesifuba somoya noma i-bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
• Isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD) singabangela ukuvunguza, ikakhulukazi lapho i-reflux ifinyelela emigudwini yomoya.
• Izici zemvelo ezifana nokungcoliswa komoya, amazinga empova, noma izinto ezingezwani nasendlini eziphezulu zingaba nomthelela ekuphefumuleni, ikakhulukazi kubantu abathinteka kalula.

Ukuxilonga Imbangela Yokuphefumula

Ukuthola imbangela eyinhloko yokushaywa umoya kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele okwenziwa udokotela. Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa umlando wezokwelapha onemininingwane eminingi, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene. Lokhu kuhlola kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu, okufana ne-spirometry, ukuhlola ukugeleza komoya nezifundo zokucabanga njengama-X-ray esifuba noma izikena ze-CT ukuze kutholakale ukungahambi kahle kwesakhiwo. Odokotela bangase futhi bahlole ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile ukuze bathole ukuthi izinto ezingezwani nomzimba zibangela ukuvunguza. Ngokunquma imbangela yokushaywa umoya, odokotela bangakha izinhlelo zokwelashwa ezifanele.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kokushaya umoya kuncike kumbangela kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu. 

• Ezimweni lapho ukushaywa umoya kubangelwa isifuba somoya noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ama-inhaler noma ama-nebulisers aqukethe ama-bronchodilator angase anqunywe ukuze avule imigudu yokuphefumula futhi adambise izimpawu. 
• Odokotela bangase futhi banikeze i-corticosteroids ehogeliwe ukuze kwehliswe ukuhefuzela, ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezifana nesifuba somoya, kanye ne-oral corticosteroids yeziqephu zokuhefuzela ezinzima noma eziqhubekayo.
• Ukushaywa umoya okubangelwa izifo, ama-antibiotics noma imithi elwa namagciwane kungase kudingeke. 
• Odokotela bangase banikeze imithi ye-antihistamine ukusiza ukukhulula ukushaywa umoya okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba noma i-hay fever.
• Ukwelashwa komoyampilo okungeziwe kusiza ukuthuthukisa amazinga komoyampilo egazini futhi kudambise ukushaywa umoya, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuphefumula.
• Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, njengokulawula isisindo esinempilo, ukuyeka ugwayi, ukujwayela ukuhlanzeka kokuphefumula, noma ukugwema izinto ezingezwani nomzimba, kungase kube yinzuzo. 

Kodwa-ke, ukulandela uhlelo olubekiwe lokwelapha ukuvunguza kanye nokuxhumana njalo nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kubalulekile.

Ukufonela Udokotela Nini

Nakuba ukushaywa umoya ngezikhathi ezithile kungase kungadingi usizo lwezokwelapha ngaso sonke isikhathi, izimo ezithile zigunyaza ukuthintana nodokotela ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma ukuhefuzela kuhambisana nokuphefumula kanzima, ukuphefumula ngokushesha, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wezindebe noma ubuso, noma ukuquleka. Ukwengeza, kufanele ufune isiqondiso sezokwelapha uma ukushaywa umoya kuqhubeka, kuba kubi kakhulu, noma kuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke. 

Ungakuyeka Kanjani Ukuhefuzela

Izinyathelo eziningana zingasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu zokushaywa umoya. 

• Uma i-allergies ibangela ukuvunguza, ukugwema izinto ezingezwani nomzimba kungasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu. 
• Ukugcina ikhwalithi yomoya wasendlini ngokusebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza umoya nokuhlanza njalo izindawo zokuhlala nakho kungaba yinzuzo. 
• Ukuhlala uqondile kungasiza ukuvula imigudu yokuphefumula futhi wenze ukuphefumula kube lula. Gwema ukulala uphansi, ikakhulukazi uma uzwa ukushaywa umoya.
• Ukuhlala uhlanzekile futhi uqhuba inhlanzeko yokuphefumula, njengokugeza izandla njalo ngensipho namanzi nokuvala ikhala nomlomo ngeduku noma ngendololwane lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula, kungavimbela izifo zokuphefumula ezingase ziholele ekuhefuleni. 
• Ama-antihistamine angaphezu kwe-counter noma ama-decongestants angasiza ekudambiseni ukuvunguza okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma ukuminyana. Kodwa-ke, ukubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni noma lezo ezinezimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona, kubalulekile.

Isiphetho

Ukuhefuzela kuwuphawu lokuphefumula olubonakala ngokushaya ikhwela/ukushaywa umoya okuphezulu lapho uphefumula. Izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa isifuba somoya, izifo zokuphefumula, nokuchayeka okucasulayo, kungasibangela. Ukuxilongwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile ukuze ulawule ukushaywa umoya futhi udambise izimpawu ngendlela efanele. Abantu bangathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ezibheke ekuphefumuleni kalula ngokuqonda izimbangela, ngokubona izinto eziyingozi, kanye nokwazi ukuthi kufanele bafune nini usizo lwezokwelapha. 

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe Ukuhefuzela Kusho Ukulimala Kwephaphu?

Ukukhwifa akubonisi ngempela umphunga umonakalo. Kuwuphawu olungabangelwa izimo ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zazo ezingase zihilele ukulimala kwamaphaphu. Kodwa-ke, ukushaywa umoya kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezinto zesikhashana ezifana nezifo zokuphefumula noma ukungezwani komzimba.

2. Ingabe Ukukhwifa Kubi?

Ubunzima bokushaywa umoya buncike kumbangela kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu. Ngenkathi ukushaywa umoya kungaba uphawu lwesimo esingapheli njenge ufuba, kungase futhi kube uphawu lwesikhashana futhi oluncane olubangelwa isifo sokuphefumula. 

3. Yiziphi Izimbangela Ezintathu Eziyinhloko Zokuhefuzela?

Izimbangela ezintathu ezihamba phambili zokuvunguza isifuba somoya, izifo zokuphefumula, kanye nesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD). Isifuba somoya yisimo esingelapheki esibonakala ngokuvuvuka kwendlela yomoya kanye nokuzwela ngokweqile, kuyilapho i-COPD ibhekisela eqenjini lezifo zamaphaphu eziqhubekayo ezibangela ukulinganiselwa kokugeleza komoya. Izifo zokuphefumula, njenge inyumoniya noma ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, kungase futhi kuholele ekuphefumuleni.

4. Ukuhefuzela Kungahlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

Ubude besikhathi sokuvunguza bungahluka kuye ngembangela ewumsuka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukushaywa umoya kuthatha isikhashana nje, njengesikhathi sokutheleleka kokuphefumula. Kubantu abanezimo ezingelapheki njengesifuba somoya, ukushaywa umoya kungase kuqhubeke isikhathi eside noma kwenzeke njalo. 

CARE Medical Team