Ukujoyina Okuhlangene

Ukuhlinzwa Okungcono Kakhulu Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela e-Hyderabad, India

Ukushintshwa kwamalunga okwaziwa nangokuthi i-arthroplasty kuyinqubo yokuhlinza lapho odokotela abahlinzayo besusa futhi bamiselele ilunga elilimele ngelunga lokwenziwa. Leli lunga lokwenziwa libizwa ngokuthi i-prosthesis futhi lingaba ngepulasitiki, insimbi noma i-ceramic. Ilunga lokwenziwa libukeka lifana nelunga lemvelo futhi lihamba njengalo. 

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinza ngokuhlanganyela esikhundleni kodwa izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni samadolo nokuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip. Abantu abaningi abangenele le nqubo bahlinzwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuphelele. Iziguli ezimbalwa kuphela ezihlinzwa ingxenye ethile yamalunga. Inqubo yokululama yesiguli ngasinye iyahlukahluka futhi incike endleleni yokuphila yesiguli, ubudala, ilunga elishintshiwe kanye nohlobo lwenqubo.

Isidingo Sokuhlinzwa Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela

Odokotela abahlinzayo bazoncoma i-arthroplasty uma umuntu ene:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene obungakaqedwa ngemithi, imijovo, ukwelapha ngokomzimba nokubhuqa.

• Ukuhamba okulinganiselwe kanye nokuqina kwamalunga kwenza kube nzima kubo ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke yomzimba.

• Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yamalunga akuthuthukisiwe ngemithi.

Izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla zingavela kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• I-osteoarthritis

• rheumatoid arthritis

• Ukuphuka kwe-hip

• I-hip dysplasia

• I-avascular necrosis

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zokuhlinzwa Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela

I-arthroplasty ingenziwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa kula malungu alandelayo:

• okhalweni

• Amaqhubu

• Amahlombe

• Amakhosi

• Izinzwane neminwe

• Amaqakala

• izindololwane

Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa kula malungu ashiwo ngenhla imi kanje:

• Ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-Hip - Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, i-prosthesis ithatha indawo ye-hip joint noma ingxenye ye-hip. Ngalokhu kuhlinzwa esikhundleni, ikhanda lesifazane kanye ne-acetabulum kuyashintshwa. Ukuphuka kwe-Hip nakho kulungisiwe. Iyizinhlobo ezimbili, ukushintshwa kwe-hip ingxenye kanye nokushintshwa kwe-hip isiyonke.

• Ukuhlinza idolo esikhundleni - Ku-knee arthroplasty, odokotela abahlinzayo basusa izingxenye ezilimele noma ezilimele zejoyinti lamadolo bese befaka izingxenye zepulasitiki noma zensimbi esikhundleni sazo. Izinhlobo ze-knee arthroplasty ziwukushintshwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele, ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye, ukushintshwa kwe-Kneecap, ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyinkimbinkimbi, nokubuyiselwa kweCartilage.

• Ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni sehlombe - I-prosthesis (izingxenye zokwenziwa) ithatha indawo yengxenye eyonakele yelunga lehlombe kulokhu kuhlinzwa. Le nqubo ibhubhisa umthombo wokungasebenzi kanye nobuhlungu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-shoulder arthroplasty zifaka i-resurfacing hemiarthroplasty, i-hemiarthroplasty, i-arthroplasty yehlombe ephelele, i-reverse total shoulder arthroplasty kanye ne-anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

• Ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni sesihlakala - Kule arthroplasty, izingxenye ezilimele zamathambo esihlakala zithathelwa indawo izingxenye zokwenziwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwethambo lesihlakala. 

• Ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni sezinzwane neminwe - Izingxenye ezilimele zamajoyinti ezinzwane kanye namalunga eminwe ziyakhishwa futhi esikhundleni salokho kufakwe izingxenye zokwenziwa kulokhu kuhlinzwa kokushintshanisa.

• Ukuhlinza iqakala - Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwelapha isifo samathambo eqakaleni. Kuyasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuhamba kwamalunga nokuzinza futhi kunciphisa ubuhlungu obuhlangene. Kule arthroplasty, izingxenye ezilimele zamaqakala zithathelwa indawo ngensimbi noma izingxenye zepulasitiki.

• Ukuhlinza indololwane esikhundleni - Ku-elbow arthroplasty, amalunga okwenziwa athatha indawo yethambo lendololwane. Lawa malungu enziwe ngezinto ezifakwa emathanjeni engalweni. Lawa ma-implants ahlanganiswe ndawonye nge-plastic and metal hinge. Ukuhlinzwa kusiza ekubuyiseleni ukunyakaza kwendololwane.

Izinkinga Ekuhlinzweni Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela

Kukhona ubungozi obuthile obuhambisana nokuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamalunga. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa:

• Stroke

• Isifo senhliziyo

• Ukutheleleka

• Ama-clots egazi

• Ukususwa

• Umonakalo wezinzwa

• ukwa

• Ukuqina emalungeni

Amathuba alezi zingozi angaba phezulu uma isiguli sinezinkinga ezithile zempilo njenge-lupus, isifo sikashukela, i-haemophilia, njll. Lezi zinkinga zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele bazise odokotela abahlinzayo ngezimo zabo zempilo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwabo.

Inqubo Yokuhlinzwa Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela

Inqubo ye-joint arthroplasty ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo: 

• Isiguli sinikezwa izinzwa ngaphambi nje kokuhlinzwa ukuze singezwa ubuhlungu.

• Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esesika ilunga elimele.

• Le ngxenye eyonakele ithathelwa indawo i-prosthesis yokwenziwa. 

• Khona-ke, izimbobo zivalwa kusetshenziswa iglue yokuhlinzwa, imithungo kanye nezinto eziyisisekelo. 

• Ngemva kokuphothulwa kokuhlinzwa, isiguli sishintshelwa endaweni yokutakula. 

Odokotela baphinde baqhube izinqubo zokushintshwa ngokuhlanganyela besebenzisa amasu ayingozi kangako. Bazokhetha inqubo yokuhlinzwa efanelekile yesiguli.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela

Izivivinyo ezithile noma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokwenza i-arthroplasty ehlangene. Lezi zivivinyo yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba - Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezicubu ezithambile, ukuthola imithombo yamagciwane kanye nendawo yokulimala.

• I-Electrocardiography (ECG) - I-ECG yenzelwe ukuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi nesigqi senhliziyo.

• Ukuhlaziywa kokuchama - Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenzelwe ukuhlola izifo ezithile ezifana nesifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela kanye nezifo zomgudu womchamo. Ngalesi sivivinyo, odokotela baphinde bahlole ukugxila, okuqukethwe nokubukeka komchamo.

• Isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC) - Lokhu kuhlola kunikeza ulwazi oluphelele ngegazi lesiguli. Ikhuluma ngesibalo samaplatelet, amaseli abomvu egazi namaseli amhlophe egazi. Ukuhlola kusiza ekutholeni izifo ezinjengokutheleleka, i-anemia kanye ne-leukemia. 

• Ama-CT scan, ama-X-ray nama-MRIs - Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezithombe kwenziwa ukuze kutholwe izithombe zamathambo anesici ukuze odokotela abahlinzayo bakwazi ukunquma uhlobo lwenqubo okufanele yenziwe.

Izibhedlela ZOKUNAKEKELA Zingasiza Kanjani?

Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, sisebenza ngokuvumelana nezinqubo zokwelapha zamazwe ngamazwe. Ithimba lodokotela abanolwazi lisebenzisa izindlela ezingangeneleli kancane ezingasiza isiguli ukuba silulame ngokushesha nokuhlala isikhashana esibhedlela. Abahlengikazi abaqeqeshiwe kanye nabasebenzi abesekayo bazinakekela ngokuphelele iziguli kusukela zilaliswa zize ziphume.