Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuhlabayo, ngokuvamile ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda.
Ukuzizwa uguliswa yisisu noma ukuhlanza.
Ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu obuvela ezibani ezikhanyayo (photophobia).
Ukwanda kokuzwela emisindo (phonophobia).
Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okufana nezibani ezikhanyayo noma izindawo ezingaboni ngaphambi kokuba ikhanda liqale.