The MCHC blood test plays a critical role in the Complete Blood Count (CBC) panel process and provides valuable information regarding an individual’s health condition. The MCHC test measures the average concentration of haemoglobin present in red blood cells. Haemoglobin plays an essential role in the transport of oxygen throughout the human body. 

What is an MCHC blood test?

The Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) test measures the average amount of haemoglobin per red blood cell in relation to the cell volume. Haemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells, and it is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Haemoglobin is essential for the growth and functioning of organs and tissues. MCHC blood tests can serve as a baseline for diagnosing anaemia and are part of a complete blood count (CBC).

Purpose of the MCHC blood test

Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) is one of numerous metrics used to examine the function and health of RBC in order to detect symptoms of anaemia and other blood diseases. An MCHC test may be specifically ordered by a healthcare provider if the patient:

• Experiences symptoms of anaemia, such as fatigue, pale skin, or dizziness.
• Is being evaluated for various underlying causes of anaemia.

While the MCHC test is valuable in diagnosing anaemia, it is typically used in conjunction with the red cell count and other red cell indices to assist in the diagnosis of other health conditions.

Uses of the MCHC Blood Test

The Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) blood test is a component of a complete blood count (CBC) and provides information about the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of red blood cells. The MCHC blood test has several important uses:

• Hemoglobin Assessment: The primary purpose of the MCHC test is to evaluate the hemoglobin concentration within red blood cells. Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the blood, and assessing its concentration helps in understanding the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
• Anemia Diagnosis: MCHC levels are crucial in the diagnosis and classification of anemia. Anemia is a condition characterized by a reduced number of red blood cells or a low hemoglobin concentration, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and paleness. The MCHC test contributes to determining the type and severity of anemia.
• Differentiating Anemia Types: MCHC levels, along with other red blood cell indices, aid in distinguishing between various types of anemia. For example, in iron-deficiency anemia, MCHC levels may be lower, while in conditions like hereditary spherocytosis, MCHC levels may be elevated.
• Monitoring Treatment: For individuals undergoing treatment for anemia or related conditions, regular MCHC tests help monitor the effectiveness of interventions, such as iron supplementation or other therapies aimed at addressing the underlying cause.
• Identifying Hematological Disorders: Abnormal MCHC levels may be indicative of certain hematological disorders. Extremely high or low MCHC levels can be associated with conditions like thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, or vitamin deficiencies.
• Preoperative Evaluation: MCHC levels may be assessed as part of preoperative blood testing to ensure that individuals undergoing surgery have optimal oxygen-carrying capacity and to identify any underlying anemia that might affect the surgical outcome.

How is an MCHC Blood Test Done?

The MCHC test involves collecting blood through a punctured vein in a visible area of the arm. Prior to the needle insertion, the medical practitioner will clean the area. Drawing the blood only takes a few moments. Afterwards, the medical practitioner will apply pressure to the incision site to prevent bleeding. Once the blood sample is obtained, the patient will receive gauze and a bandage to cover the incision site.

What do high MCHC Blood Test Levels Mean?

The presence of higher levels of concentration of haemoglobin than usual in red blood cells might be indicated by MCHC blood tests at high levels. Adults with MCHC levels between 31 and 37 g/dL are considered normal. Even while high MCHC in blood reports on their own don't necessarily indicate an individual has any underlying health issues, they could cause a doctor to order more testing.

How to prepare for the MCHC Blood Test

The Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) blood test is typically included as part of a complete blood count (CBC). The preparation for this test is generally straightforward, and it does not usually require specific dietary or lifestyle changes. Here are some general guidelines to follow:

• Fasting: In most cases, fasting is not necessary for the MCHC blood test. You can usually eat and drink as usual before the test.
• Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about any medications, supplements, or herbal remedies you are currently taking. Some medications may affect blood test results, so your healthcare provider may provide specific instructions regarding whether to continue or temporarily stop certain medications.
• Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is generally advisable, as it can make it easier for the healthcare provider to draw blood. However, you don't need to drink excessive amounts of water specifically for this test.
• Relaxation: If you have anxiety or fear of needles, it's essential to stay calm during the blood draw. Practicing relaxation techniques or informing the healthcare provider about any concerns can help ensure a smoother experience.
• Clothing: Wear clothing with sleeves that can be easily rolled up, as the blood is usually drawn from the inner elbow area.

When does the doctor Recommend an MCHC Blood Test?

The doctor may prescribe an MCHC test if an individual exhibits symptoms or signs of anaemia. Anaemia is a blood disorder in which the body doesn't produce enough healthy red blood cells, leading to a reduced ability to deliver oxygen to organs and tissues. MCHC tests are part of a group of tests known as RBC indices, which help describe various physical characteristics of red blood cells. The MCHC, along with other RBC index tests, can aid in the diagnosis and classification of blood disorders such as anaemia. It assesses how effectively our blood carries oxygen.

What are the symptoms of Low & High MCHC Blood Levels?

The levels of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, whether high or low, are often associated with similar symptoms. This is because both high and low MCHC levels are linked to reduced oxygen transport, which can lead to severe fatigue. Other signs and symptoms associated with both high and low MCHC concentrations can include:

• Weakness and fatigue
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Shortness of breath
• Pale skin and gums
• Dizziness or headaches
• Lack of concentration
• Chest pain

MCHC Blood Test Results

The reference or MCHC normal range may vary from one laboratory to another. Generally, the reference range falls between 32 grams per deciliter (g/dL) and 36 grams per cent (or 320 grams per litre to 360 grams per litre). For some individuals, blood test results may indicate elevated MCHC levels, low MCHC levels or a normal MCHC range.

What is the Normal Range for MCHC Blood Levels?

The average MCHC value ranges from 32–36 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or 320–360 grams per litre (g/L), depending on the laboratory. Values above this range may indicate anaemia.

What can cause Low and High MCHC Blood tests?

Low MCHC can be caused by:

• Iron deficiency (with or without anaemia)
• Lead poisoning
• Thalassemias
• Sideroblastic anaemia
• Anaemia of chronic disease

High MCHCs can be caused by various factors. For example, a person's MCHC can be artificially elevated due to a rare autoimmune condition called Cold agglutinin disease (CAD). CAD is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the red blood cells in the body.

High MCHCs with anaemia can be caused by:

• Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia
• Severe burns
• Hereditary spherocytosis
• Liver disease
• Hyperthyroidism
• Sickle cell disease
• Haemoglobin C disease

What do I do if I have a Low & High MCHC Blood test?

Low and high MCHC levels can be managed in various ways, depending on the underlying condition. In some cases, treatment may involve iron supplementation, folate intake, or vitamin B12 supplementation. For severe hereditary anaemia or other complex conditions, blood transfusions, medications, or bone marrow transplantation may be necessary. It is crucial to consult with a physician to determine the most suitable treatment for the individual.

Conclusion

MCHC is a measurement of the amount of haemoglobin present in red blood cells. It is most useful when used in conjunction with other CBC results and can help identify the underlying causes of anaemia and predict the prognosis in individuals who do not have anaemia. Take control of your health with CARE Hospitals. Schedule a cost-effective blood test for MCHC today.

FAQs

1. Should one be concerned if their MCHC level is too low?

Ans. MCHC low means or may indicate anaemia caused by an iron deficiency disorder. There are several mild and manageable forms of anaemia that is not concerning. Some forms may be chronic for a lifetime, although they are treatable with medicine and dietary adjustments..

2. What level of MCHC is concerned?

Ans. An MCHC lower than 31 g/dL or higher than 37 g/dL is considered abnormal and should be further evaluated.