Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin is a penicillin-based antibiotic (amino-penicillin) that helps fight bacterial infections. It is one of the most widely used antibiotics in the primary care setting and works against a wide variety of gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria as well.

It is effective only against bacterial infections and not viral diseases. It is often prescribed for patients with chest infections or ear infections. Amoxicillin is not an over-the-counter medicine and can be bought only with a doctor’s prescription.

How Does Amoxicillin Work?

Amoxicillin exerts its effects by inhibiting the action of proton pumps in the stomach lining. Proton pumps are responsible for the secretion of stomach acid. By blocking these pumps, Rabeprazole reduces the production of acid, leading to a decrease in acidity levels in the stomach.

Uses of Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin can be used by a doctor to treat the following conditions:

• Bacterial Pharyngitis

• Bacterial sinusitis

• Bronchiectasis

• Bronchitis-Tonsillitis

• Chest Infections (E.g. Pneumonia)

• Dental Abscesses

• Ear Infections like Otitis Media

• Helicobacter Pylori Infection

• Lyme Disease

• Nose Infections

• Skin Infections

• Stomach/Intestinal ulcers

• Urinary infections 

How & when to take it?

Amoxicillin is available as an oral medication in the form of capsules, soluble tablets, powdered sachets, and liquid medicine. Amoxicillin injections are also available. 

 The doctor may prescribe different forms of Amoxicillin depending upon the infection and the patient’s condition. Here are a few important points to note regarding amoxicillin:

1. Always read the leaflet that comes with the medicine to understand its details. For liquid medications for children, follow the dosage. Read the instructions carefully. Oral liquid medications must be shaken well before use.

2. Oral tablets can be swallowed with some water. It is also available as chewable tablets.

3. If the doctor has prescribed powdered sachets, they must be dissolved in 10–20 ml (or as per the package instructions) of water and taken immediately.

4. It should be preferably taken with food.

5. Amoxicillin is usually prescribed based on body weight

6. Care must be taken to take the prescribed doses at the same time every day. Doses should be evenly spaced throughout the day. There should be a minimum 4-hour interval in between.

7. Drink plenty of fluids when on Amoxicillin medication.

8. Even if the infection appears to subside, complete the full course of treatment prescribed by the doctor. Stopping the medication way too early may cause the bacteria to regrow.

9. Those who are allergic to penicillin or any other penicillin antibiotic should never take amoxicillin. So, always inform your doctor if you have any allergies.  

What are the side effects of Amoxicillin?

All medications may have certain side effects, although not everybody gets them. Minor side effects related to amoxicillin usage are as follows:

• Blisters on the skin

• Bloody nose

• Body pains

• Breathing problems

• Chest Pain

• Diarrhoea

• Dizziness

• Fever

• Headache

• Weakness or tiredness

• Redness of the eyes

• Shortness of breath

• Skin rash

• Swelling

• Urination difficulties

• Vaginal yeast infection

More serious side effects related to amoxicillin usage are allergic reactions like itching or swelling of the face; bloody stool, pale stool or dark urine; yellowing of the skin or eyes; seizures, etc.

Not everyone faces side effects when using amoxicillin, and different patients may exhibit different side effects. If you feel a serious side effect that does not go away after a couple of days, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Can we take Amoxicillin daily?

Typically, you'll use rabeprazole once a day, right after you wake up. If your doctor tells you to take it twice daily, take one dose in the morning and one in the evening. It's a good idea to take rabeprazole before you eat. Swallow your tablets whole with some water or squash.

What precautions are to be taken while using Amoxicillin?

Before taking amoxicillin, inform your doctor if :

1. You are allergic to penicillin antibiotics or cephalosporin antibiotics.

2. You currently suffer from or have had the following medical conditions:

• Allergies 
• Asthma
• Hay fever
• Hives
• Kidney disease
• Mononucleosis  
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)

3. About any medications that you may currently take including vitamin and herbal supplements.

4. You are pregnant or breastfeeding.

What if you missed a dose?

In case you miss a dose, you must take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is time for the next dose, skip the missed dose. In any case, do not take two doses together to even out the missed dose. Try to complete the dosage that your doctor has prescribed for the day, keeping a minimum of a 4-hour interval between the doses. 

What if you overdose?

Overdose symptoms may include vomiting, severe diarrhoea, decreased urine output, and even seizures. In the event of an overdose, immediately rush to the nearest hospital. Take the medicine package or bottle with you, even if it is empty.

What are Amoxicillin storage conditions?

Amoxicillin must be stored at room temperature (10–30 degrees Celsius) away from moisture and sunlight. It must be stored out of the reach of children. It can be stored, preferably in a refrigerator (room temperature), but not in the freezer. Unused liquid medication must be thrown away within 14 days.

How do we cope with the side effects of Amoxicillin?

Coping with the side effects of amoxicillin can vary depending on the specific symptoms experienced. Here are some tips on how to manage common side effects associated with amoxicillin:

• Nausea and Vomiting:
  • Take amoxicillin with food to help reduce stomach upset.
  • Avoid spicy, greasy, or heavy meals that may exacerbate nausea.
  • Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids throughout the day.
  • If nausea persists, talk to your doctor about anti-nausea medications that may be safe to use alongside amoxicillin.
• Diarrhea:
  • Consume probiotic-rich foods like yogurt or take probiotic supplements to restore healthy gut bacteria.
  • Stay hydrated by drinking clear fluids like water, herbal teas, or electrolyte solutions.
  • Avoid dairy products, fatty foods, and high-fiber foods until diarrhea resolves.
  • Inform your doctor if diarrhea is severe, persists, or contains blood or mucus.
• Allergic Reactions (e.g., Rash, Itching):
  • Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
  • Discontinue amoxicillin and do not take it again if you've had an allergic reaction to it in the past.
  • Your doctor may prescribe antihistamines or steroids to manage allergic symptoms.
• Yeast Infections (e.g., Oral Thrush, Vaginal Yeast Infections):
  • Practice good oral hygiene, such as brushing your teeth twice daily and using an antifungal mouthwash if prescribed by your dentist.
  • For vaginal yeast infections, over-the-counter antifungal creams or suppositories may help. Consult your doctor before using any treatment.
  • Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothing and keep the affected area clean and dry.

Caution with other drugs

Amoxicillin should not be taken with the following drugs:

• Allopurinol

• Blood thinners or anticoagulants

• Chloramphenicol

• Oral contraceptives

• Macrolides 

• Probenecid

• Sulfonamides

• Tetracycline

You can consult the doctor if it is necessary to take these or other medications with Amoxicillin. They will provide you with an alternative.

How quickly will the tablet show results? 

Amoxicillin is a fast-action antibiotic. It begins to work as soon as it enters the body and can relieve symptoms after 72 hours. However, its action slows down after a few hours of ingestion and hence doctors prescribe multiple doses during the day.

Is it safe to take amoxicillin during pregnancy and Breastfeeding?

Yes, amoxicillin is safe to take during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Doctors often prescribe it because it's effective for treating infections and is considered low risk for harming the baby. However, it's important to always consult with your healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy or while breastfeeding to ensure it's suitable for you and your baby's health.

Dosage for Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin vs Metronidazole

Amoxicillin is a widely used penicillin antibiotic that is often prescribed by doctors to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. You may go through the above-mentioned details about amoxicillin carefully in case you have been prescribed this medicine by a doctor. Being aware of the details and the side effects of any medication is important. Any further queries can be discussed with a healthcare provider.

FAQs

1. What types of infections can Amoxicillin treat?

Amoxicillin is effective against various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, ear infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, and dental infections.

2. What are the common side effects of Amoxicillin?

Common side effects may include nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and skin rashes.

3. How long does it take for Amoxicillin to work?

You may start to feel better within a few days of taking Amoxicillin, but it's crucial to complete the entire prescribed course to ensure the infection is fully treated.

4. Can Amoxicillin cause allergic reactions?

Yes, Amoxicillin can cause allergic reactions in some people. If you experience signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.

5. Can Amoxicillin be used to treat tooth infections?

Yes, Amoxicillin is often prescribed to treat dental infections, such as tooth abscesses.

6. How long should you take amoxicillin?

The duration of amoxicillin treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection. Typically, the course of treatment ranges from 7 to 14 days. It's important to complete the full course of medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider, even if you start feeling better.

7. Can amoxicillin treat cough?

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, but it is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or flu, which often cause coughs. If your cough is due to a bacterial infection such as bronchitis or pneumonia, your doctor may prescribe amoxicillin.

8. Can we use amoxicillin for kids?

Yes, amoxicillin is commonly prescribed for children to treat various bacterial infections, such as ear infections, strep throat, and urinary tract infections. The dosage is adjusted based on the child's weight and the severity of the infection. Always follow your pediatrician's instructions when giving amoxicillin to children.

References:

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a685001.html https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1531-3295/amoxicillin-oral/amoxicillin-oral/details https://www.drugs.com/amoxicillin.html https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/amoxicillin/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482250/ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/amoxicillin-oral-route/description/drg-20075356

Disclaimer: The information provided here is not meant to substitute an advice from a healthcare professional. The information is not intended to cover all the possible uses, side-effects, precautions, and drug interactions. This information is not intended to suggest that using a specific drug is suitable, safe, or efficient for you or anyone else. The absence of any information or warning regarding the drug should not be interpreted as an implicit guarantee from the organisation. We strongly advise you to consult a doctor if you have any concerns about the drug and never use the medication without a doctor’s prescription.