Itchy skin, also known as pruritus, can occur due to several factors, including allergic reactions to foods, winter flare-ups like eczema, and chronic diseases such as liver, kidney, or thyroid diseases. However, the most concerning cause of itchy skin is cancer, which occurs when the cells in the body start multiplying uncontrollably and lead to a tumour. To understand more about the link, we spoke to Dr Deepak Koppaka, Senior Consultant-Medical Oncology, CARE Hospitals, HITEC City, Hyderabad.

What Is Paraneoplastic Pruritus?

“Certain cancers can cause itchy skin, and this symptom is known as paraneoplastic pruritus,” said Dr Koppakka.

Also known as chronic pruritus, paraneoplastic pruritus is defined as an itch that lasts for more than 6 weeks, according to a study published in Dermatologic Therapy, which adds that it could be linked to internal malignancies such as cancer.

The study also highlights that chronic itch has been reported in patients with lymphoma, which is a cancer that begins in cells of the lymph system.

Cancer And Itchy Skin: What’s The Link?

Dr Koppaka said, “Itchy skin associated with cancer can be attributed to various factors, and the exact mechanisms can depend on the type and stage of cancer.”

Here are some reasons why cancer can lead to itching:

• Inflammatory Response: According to the doctor, cancer cells can induce an inflammatory response in the body. The release of certain chemicals and cytokines as part of the inflammatory process may trigger itching.
• Histamine Release: Some cancers can cause the release of histamine, a compound involved in allergic reactions. Histamine can stimulate nerve endings in the skin, leading to itching.
• Obstruction of Blood or Lymphatic Flow: Tumours can obstruct blood or lymphatic vessels, causing a backup of fluids. This can result in swelling, irritation, and itchiness in the skin.
• Liver Dysfunction: Cancers affecting the liver can impair its function. Liver dysfunction can lead to an accumulation of bile salts in the skin, causing itching.
• Paraneoplastic Syndrome: Some cancers produce substances that affect the skin and other organs in a way that is not directly related to the physical presence of the tumour, said Dr Koppaka. He added, “This can lead to paraneoplastic syndromes, including pruritus.”

It is important to note that itchy skin does not necessarily mean cancer. Various non-cancerous conditions can also cause itching.

However, if itching is persistent, unexplained, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, it should be promptly addressed with a healthcare provider, the doctor advised.

A Medical Evaluation Can Confirm Your Diagnosis

To know for sure whether itchy skin is related to cancer, individuals should consult with a healthcare professional or a doctor. 

A thorough medical evaluation will be conducted, which includes a physical examination, a medical history review, and diagnostic tests.

Diagnostic tests may include blood tests, imaging studies, and, if necessary, a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer.

Conclusion

If an ailment in the body is persistent, it should be addressed immediately. It is crucial to note that something as common as itchy skin could be a sign of cancer, which is why if the symptom is persistent and does not go away even after proper hygiene practices, consulting a doctor and undergoing medical evaluation should be prioritised.

Reference Link

https://www.onlymyhealth.com/can-itchy-skin-be-a-sign-of-cancer-or-not-1704362266