Many of the symptoms associated with digestive issues overlap, often resulting in confusion and delays in diagnosis and treatment. This is particularly true for conditions like haemorrhoids and colon cancer, which, even though they are entirely different conditions, can lead to similar symptoms. But because of this very reason, Dr Alok Rath, Consultant - Surgical Gastroenterology, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, emphasises the need to distinguish between the two conditions as both of them require different management approaches. To understand better, let us first discuss what these two conditions are.

What Are Haemorrhoids?

Haemorrhoids, also popularly known as piles, refer to abnormal swelling or enlargement of the veins in the anus and rectum. According to Dr Rath, they usually occur due to increased pressure in the lower rectum.

"Pressure can result from factors like straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, or prolonged sitting," he says.

As per research, both men and women are equally susceptible to the condition, with incidence peaking between the ages of 45 and 65. It is also prevalent among pregnant women, with a prevalence of 35%.

What Is Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer occurs when the cells in the large intestine start to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumour.

Dr Rath shares that it develops from abnormal growths or polyps in the colon or rectum, which can turn cancerous over time if not treated.

The exact cause is often multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition and environmental factors, he adds.

How To Distinguish Between Haemorrhoids And Colon Cancer?

Haemorrhoids and colon cancer, while completely different diseases, can lead to similar symptoms, such asirregular bowel habits, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain, says Dr Rath.

However, there are ways the two conditions can be differentiated from one another.

According to Dr Rath, your symptoms could indicate haemorrhoids if you:

• strain during bowel movements
• are Pregnant
• indulge in prolonged sitting
• are obese
• are between the ages of 45 and 65

Your symptoms could be a sign of colon cancer if you:

• are over the age of 50
• have a family history of colon cancer or polyps
• are suffering from Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis)
• consume high amounts of red or processed meats
• smoke
• have excessive alcohol

Diagnosis And Treatment Options

When it comes to diagnosing and treating haemorrhoids and colon cancer, there are different approaches that are undertaken by a healthcare professional.

Haemorrhoid diagnosis typically involves a physical examination of the anus and rectum, followed by treatment, which may include lifestyle modifications (increased fibre intake, hydration), Over-The-Counter (OTC) remedies (creams, ointments, suppositories), or medical procedures (rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy), says Dr. Rath.

In the case of colon cancer, diagnosis usually requires a colonoscopy, imaging tests (like Computed Tomography (CT) scans), and a biopsy.

According to the doctor, treatment options depend on the cancer's stage and location and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy.

Reference Link

https://www.onlymyhealth.com/how-to-distinguish-between-haemorrhoids-and-colon-cancer-1712059437