Every year, September is marked as Prostate Cancer Awareness Month around the world. According to the American Association for Cancer Research, prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer diagnosed in men, and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men, after lung cancer.

Dr Vikranth Mummaneni, Sr Consultant Surgical Oncologist, CARE Hospitals Hitec City Hyderabad, said prostate cancer is a malignancy that originates in the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-sized gland located just below the bladder in men. It produces seminal fluid, a component of semen. Prostate cancer occurs when the cells in the prostate gland mutate and multiply uncontrollably, forming tumours.

While the precise cause of prostate cancer remains unclear, several risk factors have been identified, he added.

Dr Mohan Balaiah Aswathaiya, Consultant Urology, Andrology & Kidney Transplant Surgeon, Fortis Hospital, Cunningham Road, Bengaluru, noted that about 6 in 10 cases of prostate cancer are found in men older than 65. “This cancer is most common in North America, Northwestern Europe, Australia, and the Caribbean Islands,” he said.

What are the risk factors for contracting prostate cancer?

According to the experts, following are the risk factors of prostate cancer:

• Having a father or brother with prostate cancer more than doubles a man’s risk of developing this disease.
• Inherited mutations of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes and men with Lynch Syndrome are at increased risk of prostate cancer.
• Obesity, smoking and exposure to chemicals also increases the risk of prostate cancer.
• While the link is not fully understood, a diet high in saturated fats, red meat, and low in fruits and vegetables may contribute to an increased risk. Conversely, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may be protective.

What are some lifestyle changes you can make to prevent prostate cancer?

Many risk factors such as age, race, genetic predisposition and family history can’t be controlled. But there are some things you can do that might lower the risk of prostate cancer, as per the experts.

a. Healthy diet: Adopting a diet that emphasises fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants that may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Tomatoes, which are rich in lycopene, and cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, are particularly beneficial.

b. Physical activity: Engaging in regular physical activity, such as brisk walking, jogging, or other aerobic exercises, can help maintain a healthy body weight and reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week.

c. Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and exercise is crucial, as obesity has been linked to an increased risk of prostate cancer.

d. Limit alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. It’s advisable to limit alcohol intake or, even better, abstain from it.

e. Tobacco cessation: Smoking is a known risk factor for various cancers, including prostate cancer. Quitting smoking can decrease your overall cancer risk.

It’s important to note that these lifestyle changes can contribute to a healthier life in general and may reduce your risk of prostate cancer. However, they are not foolproof guarantees against the disease. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, including discussions about your family history and risk factors, are essential for early detection and appropriate management. If you have concerns about prostate cancer, consult with a healthcare professional for personalised guidance.

Reference Link

https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/prostate-cancer-awareness-month-lifestyle-changes-8938325/