Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, leading to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. According to Mayo Clinic, these conditions include “increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels”. However, being diagnosed with only one of these conditions does not imply you have metabolic syndrome. For someone to be diagnosed with the same, they should be affected with at least three or more of the above-mentioned conditions.

Speaking with indianexpress.com, Dr Prashanth Chandra NY, senior consultant, internal medicine, CARE Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad shared, “Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. It is characterised by the presence of at least three of the following medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol levels”.

He added that the symptoms of metabolic syndrome can include “increased waist circumference, high blood pressure, high blood sugar levels, high triglycerides, and low levels of HDL cholesterol”.

Causes of metabolic syndrome

Experts point out that while the exact cause of the metabolic syndrome is not known, “it is thought to be related to insulin resistance, which is a condition in which the body does not respond properly to insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels,” said Dr Chandra NY.

“Other factors that can contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome include obesity, lack of physical activity, and a diet high in sugar and saturated fats,” he continued.

Who is more likely to get metabolic syndrome?

According to the expert, individuals those who are overweight or obese, have a sedentary lifestyle, have a family history of diabetes or heart disease, and are over the age of 40 are at an increased risk of developing the condition.

Treatment for metabolic syndrome

The treatment for metabolic syndrome may involve lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, increasing physical activity, and eating a healthy diet that is low in sugar and saturated fats. Medications may also be prescribed to control high blood pressure, high blood sugar levels, and high cholesterol levels.

“It is important to keep in mind that metabolic syndrome is a serious condition that requires ongoing medical attention. People with metabolic syndrome should have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their condition and manage any related health problems,” he stressed, adding that eating a healthy diet — one that is low in sugar and saturated fats, and increasing physical activity can help reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. “It is also important to quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption,” he stressed.

What lifestyle changes help manage metabolic syndrome?

Lifestyle changes can definitely help manage metabolic syndrome, said Dr David Chandy ,Consultant in Endocrinology at the Endocrinology department at Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre adding that that metabolic syndrome is caused by “ a combination of poor diet, minimum exercise and genetic risk”.

He shared four key things to remember if diagnosed with the condition: 

– Have a well-balanced nutritious meal. Avoid simple carbohydrates like sugar, jaggery, and honey-based products. Consume more proteins and fiber.

– Exercise at least for 30 minutes, five days a week.

– Regularly meet your doctor and get tested so that complications can be avoided.

– Adherence to medication is pivotal. Take your medications on time so that all parameters are well balanced.