Anaesthesiology

Pain Management/Anesthesia Hospital in Hyderabad, India

Anaesthesiology is the branch of medical science that deals with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery. It encompasses anaesthesia, intensive care medicine, and pain medicine. Anaesthesia is given to relieve pain and sensation during the surgery. 

The Department of Anaesthesiology at CARE Hospitals has the most skilled and well-experienced anaesthesiologists who deliver the best anaesthetic care. The anaesthesiologists use the most advanced, safe and patient-focused methods to cater to the needs of the patient.

The type of surgery and the medical condition decides the type of anaesthesia to be given to the patient. It is only administered after thorough analysis, including preliminary factors like pre-medical conditions, any known allergies, smoking history, family history, vitals, and psychological factors. Depending upon the preliminary and secondary diagnosis, the type of anaesthesia is given. It can be:

• Local anaesthesia: It is given to temporarily stop the pain and sensation in a particular area of the body, where a minor procedure is done. 

• Regional anaesthesia: It is given to numb the surgical site or the operating area during the surgery such as a spinal anaesthetic and epidural anaesthetic. 

• General anaesthesia: It is given to induce unconsciousness during the surgery. 

Different Types of Anesthesia

There are different kinds of anesthesia used for surgery. Each type suits different situations. Here are the main types of anesthesia and what to expect before, during, and after surgery for each:

• Local Anesthesia:
  • Before Surgery: The area to be operated on is numbed using an injection of local anesthetic medication.
  • During Surgery: The patient remains awake and alert while the surgical site is numb, allowing the surgeon to perform the procedure without pain.
  • After Surgery: Sensation typically returns gradually as the effects of the local anesthetic wear off. Patients may experience some discomfort or pain at the surgical site, which can be managed with pain medication as needed.
• Regional Anesthesia:
  • Before Surgery: Regional anesthesia involves numbing a larger area of the body, such as an arm, leg, or entire lower body, using an injection near the nerves supplying that area.
  • During Surgery: Similar to local anesthesia, patients receiving regional anesthesia remain awake and aware during the procedure, but the numbing effect extends to a larger area of the body.
  • After Surgery: As with local anesthesia, sensation gradually returns as the effects of the regional anesthesia subside. Pain management strategies may be implemented to address any discomfort following surgery.
• General Anesthesia:
  • Before Surgery: Patients receiving general anesthesia are typically instructed to refrain from eating or drinking for a certain period before the procedure. They may also undergo preoperative assessments and tests to ensure they are fit for anesthesia.
  • During Surgery: General anesthesia induces a state of unconsciousness, during which the patient is completely unaware and does not experience pain. It is administered intravenously or via inhalation, and the patient's vital signs are closely monitored by an anesthesia provider throughout the procedure.
  • After Surgery: After the surgery is completed, the patient is gradually awakened from anesthesia in the recovery room. Patients may experience some grogginess, nausea, or sore throat as they emerge from anesthesia. Pain management and postoperative care are provided as needed.
• Sedation (Monitored Anesthesia Care):
  • Before Surgery: Patients undergoing sedation are often instructed to avoid eating or drinking for a certain period before the procedure.
  • During Surgery: Sedation induces a state of relaxation and drowsiness, allowing the patient to remain semi-conscious or asleep during the procedure. It is commonly used for minimally invasive procedures or surgeries that do not require general anesthesia.
  • After Surgery: Patients may feel drowsy or groggy after receiving sedation. They are closely monitored during the recovery period to ensure their safety and comfort.