Knee Replacement in Bhubaneswar

Knee Replacement in Bhubaneswar

‍Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, includes replacing a damaged or worn-out knee joint with an artificial joint. This procedure has become increasingly common in recent years, providing relief to individuals suffering from chronic knee pain and limited mobility. Knee Replacement in Bhubaneswar is performed by several renowned hospitals and experienced surgeons specialising in knee replacement surgeries, making it an ideal destination for people seeking this procedure. CARE Hospitals is the 1st hospital to introduce Sports Injury & rehabilitation department in Odisha and is equipped with best sports medicine doctors in Bhubaneswar. 

What is a Knee Replacement?

A knee replacement is a surgical approach in which the knee orthopaedic surgeon replaces damaged or diseased knee joint parts with artificial components. The main goal of this surgery is to diminish pain, improve joint mobility, and enhance the overall quality of life for people suffering from severe knee problems such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or traumatic injuries. 

The artificial components used in knee replacements are typically made of metal alloys, high-grade plastics, and polymers designed to mimic a healthy knee joint's natural movement and function.

Reasons for Knee Replacement

Individuals experiencing chronic knee pain that significantly affects their daily activities and quality of life may be candidates for knee replacement surgery. 
Severe osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition that causes the wearing of the knee joint cartilage over time, leading to pain, muscle stiffness, and limited mobility. It requires surgical management when conservative treatments are ineffective. 

Advanced rheumatoid arthritis can also lead to joint damage and deformity, requiring knee replacement surgery.

Other causes include: 

• Avascular necrosis (sudden cessation of the blood supply to the bone tissues may result in tissue damage)
• Post-traumatic arthritis (former knee injuries, such as ligament tears or bone fractures)
• Congenital bone defects such as bow legs (genu varum) or knock knees (genu valgum)
• Bone tumours around the knee joints

Types of Knee Replacement

Knee replacement classification depends on the extent of the damage and the patient's specific needs. The main knee surgery types are: 

• Total knee replacement: In total knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty, doctors will replace the entire knee joint with artificial components. It is the most common type of knee replacement surgery. It relieves pain, restores function, and improves mobility in individuals with severe knee arthritis or joint damage.
• Partial knee replacement: On the other hand, partial knee replacement or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty includes replacing only the degenerated or damaged portion of the knee joint while preserving the remaining healthy portions. This type of surgery is suitable for patients with limited knee damage, providing targeted pain relief and preserving healthy tissue.
• Robotic-assisted knee replacement: A newer technique uses a robotic arm to assist the surgeon during the surgery. Robotic knee replacement is an advanced minimally invasive procedure for knee replacement surgery and offers numerous benefits such as less pain, reduced blood loss and faster recovery compared to conventional knee replacement surgery. Robotic knee replacement in Bhubaneswar is available at CARE Hospitals, Bhubaneswar. 

When is Knee Replacement Needed or Recommended?

Best knee doctors in Bhubaneswar typically recommend knee replacement surgery when non-surgical treatments such as medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications fail to provide adequate relief. It is considered when an individual's knee pain becomes severe, limits their daily activities, and significantly affects their quality of life. The decision to undergo knee replacement surgery encompasses consultation with a knee orthopaedic surgeon in Bhubaneswar who analyses the patient's medical history, conducts a thorough physical examination, and reviews the results of diagnostic tests.

Diagnostic Tests

Before knee replacement surgery, the doctor will conduct several diagnostic tests to assess the condition of the knee joint. These tests include: 

• Blood tests to analyse the patient's overall health and identify any underlying conditions that may affect the surgery or recovery process.
• X-rays to help assess the extent of joint damage, the alignment of the bones, and the presence of any deformities 
• MRI scans to help obtain detailed images of the soft tissues (ligaments and tendons) surrounding the knee joint. 
• A bone density scan to assess bone quality and density, especially in older adults or those with risk factors for osteoporosis
• Sometimes, the doctor may recommend joint aspiration or arthrocentesis (removal of the fluid from the knee joint) to diagnose underlying conditions such as infection or inflammation.

Knee Replacement Procedure

Before the Procedure

Before knee replacement surgery, the patient will undergo a series of diagnostic tests, including X-rays, MRI scans, and blood tests. These tests help the surgeon determine the extent of knee damage and plan the procedure accordingly. The surgeon will also advise the patient to stop taking certain drugs, such as blood thinning pills, in the days leading up to the surgery. Additionally, the surgeon may provide preoperative instructions regarding fasting, hygiene, and other necessary preparations.

During the Procedure

• Anaesthesia induction: Knee replacement surgery is performed under general anaesthesia (GA), meaning the patient will be unconscious throughout the procedure. 
• Incision: The orthopaedic surgeon will make an incision in the knee area, exposing the knee joint to access the damaged area. 
• Resection: The surgeon will carefully remove the damaged portions of the knee joint, including the cartilage and bone. 
• Implant attachment: The surgeon will then attach the artificial components, which may include a metal femoral component, a plastic tibial component, or a patellar component to replace the removed portions of the knee joint. 
• Alignment: Once the components are securely in place, the surgeon ensures proper alignment and positioning of the implants. After that, the surgeon closes the incision site with stitches or staples.

After the Procedure

After knee replacement surgery, pain medication can be given to manage any discomfort. Physical therapy will often begin within 24 hours of the surgery to help the patient regain strength and mobility in the knee joint. Initially, the patient may need crutches or a walker, gradually transitioning to walking without assistance. The length of the hospital stay varies and depends on the individual's progress, but most patients can return home within a few days to continue their recovery.

Risks Associated with Knee Replacement

Like any other surgical procedure, knee replacement surgery also carries certain risks. These risks include infection, blood clots, bleeding, nerve damage, and allergic reactions to anaesthesia or artificial joint components. However, the overall possibility of complications is relatively low. Proper preoperative preparation, adherence to postoperative care instructions, and regular follow-ups significantly increase the chances of a successful outcome. 

Recovery after Knee Replacement

Physical therapy play a crucial role in the recovery after surgery, to strengthen the muscles around the knee joint and restore the normal range of motion. Initially, the patient may experience swelling, pain, and stiffness in the operated knee. However, with the guidance of a physical therapist, the patient will gradually regain mobility and independence. Following the surgeon's postoperative guidelines is necessary to aid in a smooth and successful recovery.

Conclusion

Knee replacement surgery is a highly effective surgical procedure that provides relief to people suffering from chronic knee pain and limited mobility. In Bhubaneswar, several experienced orthopaedic surgeons specialise in knee replacement surgeries, ensuring patients receive the best care. By understanding the procedure, its benefits, and the recovery journey, individuals can make informed decisions and take the necessary steps towards regaining their quality of life.

Why choose CARE Hospitals for a knee replacement procedure?

Knee replacement is a complicated procedure whose success depends on various factors, such as the clinical expertise of the doctors and the state-of-the-art infrastructure. Expert and specialised management, individualised treatment plans, comprehensive care, and advanced technology such as robotic surgery for knee make CARE Hospitals a dependable choice for knee replacement procedures.

FAQ's

1. Is there a lot of pain after knee replacement?

Pain after knee replacement surgery is unavoidable. However, the level of pain varies from person to person. The surgeon will prescribe pain medication to manage discomfort during the initial recovery period. Over time, as the knee heals and rehabilitation progresses, the pain will gradually diminish.

2. How long is bed rest necessary after knee replacement?

Bed rest after knee replacement surgery is typically unnecessary for an extended period. Most patients are encouraged to get up and move as soon as possible to prevent blood clots and promote healing. However, avoiding excessive strain and following the surgeon's instructions regarding weight-bearing and mobility restrictions is essential.

3. Is climbing stairs good for knee replacement?

Climbing stairs can be a part of the rehabilitation process after knee replacement surgery. However, it is essential to approach it gradually and with caution. Initially, assistance from a railing or handrail may be necessary. Physical therapists will guide patients on proper technique and provide exercises to strengthen the knee muscles for stair climbing.

4. What can you not do after a knee replacement?

After knee replacement surgery, it is essential to avoid activities that put undue stress on the knee joint, such as running, jumping, and high-impact sports. The best knee doctors in Bhubaneswar also advise against kneeling on the replaced knee and caution when engaging in activities that require twisting or pivoting motions. Following the surgeon's recommendations and engaging in low-impact exercises can help maintain the longevity of the artificial joint.

5. How long does it take to be able to walk normally after knee replacement?

The time taken to walk normally after a knee replacement varies from person to person. Generally, patients can start walking with crutches or a walker assistance within a day or two after the surgery. As rehabilitation progresses, patients gradually transition to walking without assistance, typically within a few weeks to a few months.

6. Can too much-walking damage a knee replacement?

Walking is an integral part of the recovery process after knee replacement surgery. It helps strengthen the muscles and other soft tissues surrounding the knee joint and promotes overall mobility. However, avoiding excessive strain on the artificial joint is essential. Following the guidance of the surgeon and physical therapist regarding the duration and intensity of walking is crucial to prevent any potential damage.