Red Eyes

Red eyes are a common occurrence often dismissed as a minor inconvenience. However, it is essential to understand that red eyes sometimes indicate a more serious underlying condition. In this medical blog, we will discuss the causes of red eyes, discuss treatment options, and provide valuable insights on when to seek medical attention. By shedding light on the hidden dangers behind red eyes, we aim to empower you with the knowledge you need to protect your ocular health and find relief.

What Are Red Eyes?

Red eyes, also known as bloodshot eyes, refer to the appearance of the whites of the eyes becoming reddened or pink. The dilation of blood vessels on the eye's surface causes this hue change. While red eyes can result from various factors, they are most commonly associated with irritation, inflammation, or infection. Generally, some red eye causes are benign and do not require intervention. But, if you have red, painful eyes with some vision changes, it may be a sign of more serious eye problems.

Causes of Eye Redness

There are numerous causes of eye redness. These can be from minor irritations to more serious medical conditions. Some common causes include:

• Conjunctivitis: Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is a type of inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva (the transparent covering of the white part of the eye which lines the inner surface of the eyelids). Viruses, bacteria, allergies, or irritants can cause it.
• Foreign bodies: Irritation from foreign objects in the eyes can cause watery and bloodshot eyes.
• Dry eyes: Less than average tear production or poor tear quality can trigger dry eyes, which can cause redness, itching, and discomfort.
• Allergies: Allergic reactions to pollens, pet dander, or dust mites can trigger eye redness, itching, and watery eyes.
• Eye strain: Use of digital devices for extended duration, reading in poor lighting conditions, or engaging in activities that require intense focus can strain the eyes, resulting in redness.
• Contact lens wear: Improper use, long-term wearing, or poor hygiene when wearing contact lenses can cause eye irritation and redness.
• Trauma: Eye injuries, such as scratches, abrasions, or foreign bodies, can damage the conjunctiva and result in redness, pain, and tearing. 
• Corneal disorders: Various corneal conditions, such as corneal abrasions, infections, ulcers, or dystrophies, can cause redness, pain, and blurred vision.
• Subconjunctival haemorrhage: Sometimes, a blood vessel in your eye breaks, causing blood to leak onto the eye's surface. It is known as a subconjunctival haemorrhage. Although it may appear severe, it is usually benign and goes away in a matter of weeks. Most people experience only redness in their affected eyes, although in some cases, they may feel slightly irritated.
• Medical conditions: Certain systemic ailments, such as hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, or thyroid disorders, may manifest with ocular symptoms, including eye redness, resulting from vascular changes or inflammation.
• Other causes: Blepharitis, inflammation of the eyelids; Uveitis, inflammation of the uvea; photokeratitis, eye irritation due to UV exposure; or retinoblastoma, eye cancer can also result in bloodshot eyes.

Identifying the underlying cause of your red eyes is essential to determine the appropriate treatment.

Treatment for Red Eyes

The red eye treatment depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, self-care measures can be sufficient to alleviate the symptoms. However, if the redness persists or one experiences severe pain, vision changes, or discharge from the eye, do not hesitate to consult an ophthalmologist. They can diagnose the root cause and prepare the most appropriate red eye treatment plan. Here are some general approaches:

• Lubricating eye drops or artificial tears can relieve redness and discomfort associated with dry eyes.
• For allergic conjunctivitis, ophthalmologists may suggest antihistamine eye drops to reduce redness, itching, and swelling.
• Applying cold compresses or chilled eye masks can also help reduce eye redness and discomfort and soothe irritation.
• If contact lenses cause red eyes, proper hygiene, lens cleaning, and avoidance of over usage of contact lenses can help alleviate red eye symptoms, as can switching to daily disposable lenses.
• Doctors may prescribe medicated eye drops or ointments to clear bacterial or viral infections and reduce redness.

When to See a Doctor for Eye Redness

While one can manage minor eye conditions with home remedies, there are certain situations where seeking medical attention is crucial. You should consult a doctor if:

• The redness persists for more than a few days or worsens over time.
• If red, painful eyes accompany blurred vision or sensitivity to light.
• There is discharge from the eye, mainly if it is yellow or green.
• You have a history of eye conditions or recent eye surgery.
• The redness results from an injury or foreign object in the eye.

Prompt medical attention can help identify underlying severe conditions and prevent potential complications.

Complications of Red Eyes

Most of us are looking for the answer to what to do for red eyes.

While red eyes are often temporary and harmless, certain complications can arise if the underlying cause is left untreated. Some potential complications include:

• Corneal ulcers: Prolonged eye redness caused by infections or inflammation can lead to corneal ulcers or open sores on the cornea. If not properly treated, these can result in vision loss.
• Vision impairment: Eye redness accompanied by other symptoms like blurred vision or changes in visual acuity may indicate a more serious eye condition that requires immediate attention to prevent long-term vision impairment.
• Spread of infection: If an infection causes red eyes, it is essential to seek treatment to prevent it from spreading to other parts of the eye or the other eye.

How to Prevent Bloodshot Eyes

While it may not always be possible to prevent red eyes, there are specific measures you can take to reduce the risk. Consider the following tips:

• Practice good hygiene: The best way to minimise infection risk is by washing your hands thoroughly and regularly with soap, especially before touching your eyes.
• Avoid eye irritants: Protect your eyes from certain irritants, such as smoke, dust, and harsh chemicals. If necessary, use protective eyewear.
• Take regular breaks: If you spend long hours in front of a screen or engaged in activities that strain your eyes, take regular breaks. It will rest your eyes and reduce eye strain.
• Use lubricating eye drops: Lubricating eye drops can help moisturise your eyes and reduce redness.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Good hydration, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep are crucial for overall eye health.

By incorporating these preventive measures into your routine, you can minimise the occurrence of bloodshot eyes and promote long-term eye health.

Home Remedies for Red Eyes

In addition to preventive measures, several home remedies can relieve red eyes. It is important to remember these remedies are intended for minor cases and should not replace professional medical advice. Some natural remedies for red eyes include:

• Cold compress: A cold compress or chilled cucumber slices around your closed eyes can help reduce redness and soothe irritation.
• Artificial tears: Over-the-counter artificial tears can relieve dry eyes and help alleviate redness.
• Warm compress: If your red eyes are caused by meibomian gland dysfunction or blepharitis, applying a warm compress can help open up blocked glands and reduce inflammation.

Remember to consult a doctor if your symptoms persist or worsen despite using these remedies.

Conclusion

While red eyes may often be a minor inconvenience, it is essential to recognise the potential hidden dangers they can signify. Understanding the causes, seeking appropriate treatment, and taking preventive measures can protect your ocular health and find relief. Remember that prompt medical attention is crucial if, with red eyes, you can experience severe pain, vision changes, or discharge. By prioritising your eye health, you can maintain clear, comfortable eyes and enjoy optimal vision.

FAQ's

1. Is it OK to have a red eye?

Mild eye redness is not a cause for concern and can be due to various factors, such as irritation or lack of sleep. However, if the redness persists, worsens, or accompanies other concerning symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional.

2. Can lack of sleep cause red eyes?

Lack of sleep can contribute to eye redness. When you are sleep-deprived, the blood vessels in your eyes can dilate, leading to redness. Getting sufficient sleep is the top priority for maintaining healthy eyes.

3. When is red eye serious?

Red eyes can be a symptom of a more serious underlying condition when accompanied by severe pain, vision changes, discharge, or other concerning symptoms. If you have these symptoms, it is essential to consult your doctor to determine the reason and receive appropriate treatment.

CARE Medical Team

21