Consult Super-Specialist Doctors at CARE Hospitals
Updated on 23 January 2024
Advancements in medical technology have revolutionised the treatment landscape for gastrointestinal conditions. One such breakthrough procedure, Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD), has garnered attention for its minimally invasive approach and efficacy in treating early-stage gastrointestinal tumours. The doctor could advise endoscopic submucosal dissection to remove a tumour or lesion if it is located inside the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
ESD is an advanced technique used to remove abnormal tissues or early-stage tumours from the digestive tract. It is a minimally invasive treatment that removes precancerous and cancerous regions from the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract using an endoscope, a flexible, tube-like device. It may be challenging to fully remove these tumours using conventional techniques since they may be near muscular tissue. Your doctor can access your GI system with endoscopic procedures without making any incisions. Depending on the area of the digestive tract they're treating, doctors may enter the endoscope into your mouth or anus (butthole). After that, they use the endoscope to implant surgical instruments to remove abnormal tissue. Compared to open surgery, this method allows the patient to recuperate more quickly and with less discomfort.
Individuals diagnosed with early-stage gastrointestinal tumours, precancerous lesions, or localised abnormalities within the gastrointestinal tract may be candidates for ESD. Patients who cannot undergo surgery due to underlying health conditions or those seeking less invasive treatment options often opt for ESD. The submucosa, or layer between the muscle wall and the lining of internal organs, can be affected by the tumours and lesions listed below, which can be treated using the ESD procedure:
For the removal of some growths, particularly those that are too big to be removed in one piece by conventional means or lack distinct boundaries, Endoscopic Suture Dissection (ESD) may be a more successful choice than Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR).
Before the procedure, patients undergo thorough assessments, including a medical history review, physical examination, and possibly imaging studies. You'll get detailed information on how to prepare for the endoscopic submucosal dissection procedure. You will need to fast for a few hours before the surgery if your gastroenterologist is treating your upper GI tract (stomach, oesophagus, or small intestine). You might need to have a bowel prep if they're treating your lower GI tract, which is your big intestine, which contains your colon and rectum. Bowel preparation, which involves cleansing the digestive tract, is crucial to ensure clear visibility during the procedure.
Your gastroenterologist will do the ESD technique as follows:
Patients are monitored for a period post-ESD to watch for any complications. They will be kept under observation in a recovery room until the sedation wears off following the ESD operation. It may be determined whether the tumour has been totally eliminated by the pathologist by looking at tissue samples under a microscope. Patients may have some little soreness or discomfort in the location where the ESD was done throughout the healing phase. Painkillers obtained over-the-counter or by prescription, if necessary, can normally be used to treat this.
Initially, a liquid diet may be advised, gradually transitioning to soft foods. Medications to aid healing and prevent complications may be prescribed. Follow-up endoscopies are scheduled to monitor the treated area. In particular, if the patient is under intravenous sedation, they should refrain from using heavy machines. When under intravenous sedation, the patient should refrain from using heavy machinery. Similarly, it's best to refrain from attentive jobs like driving when tired and signing legal papers.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) offers several significant benefits, making it a preferred treatment option for certain gastrointestinal conditions:
While Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) is generally considered a safer option, as with any medical procedure, there are various potential side effects and risks associated with it:
While both EMR and ESD are minimally invasive procedures used for removing abnormal tissues in the gastrointestinal tract, the key differences lie in the technique and the size of lesions they can effectively manage.
Your gastroenterologist can remove tumours or abnormal growths from the surface layers of your digestive system using endoscopic submucosal dissection without cutting any skin. ESD will offer efficient treatment for early-stage gastrointestinal lesions as technology develops, enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the need for intrusive operations.
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