Normal Blood Sugar Levels Chart by Age

Managing normal blood sugar levels is crucial for optimal wellness, primarily when regulating diabetes. Blood sugar, or blood glucose levels, refers to the amount of glucose in your bloodstream. Glucose serves as the primary energy source for your body's cells. However, if your blood glucose levels are consistently too high or too low, it can lead to serious health complications.

This comprehensive blog provides you with a clear understanding of normal blood sugar levels based on age. By knowing the ideal range for different age groups, you can make informed decisions about your health and take appropriate measures to maintain stable blood sugar levels.

Blood Sugar Levels By Age (Children, Adults, and Seniors)

Blood sugar levels can differ depending on a person's age. Understanding the normal limit for different age groups is essential to ensure that blood sugar levels are within the optimal range. Here is a breakdown of the normal blood sugar levels by age:

• Children (up to 12 years old): The fasting sugar range age wise shows some variation. The normal blood sugar range for children is slightly lower than for adults. The fasting blood sugar level should ideally be between 80 to 100 mg/dL (milligrams per decilitre). After eating, the blood glucose level should not exceed 140 mg/dL.
• Adults (18-60 years old): The normal fasting blood sugar level for adults is between 70 and 100 mg/dL. Blood sugar levels after eating should remain below 140 mg/dL. It is essential to note that these values may vary slightly depending on individual circumstances.
• Seniors (60 years and older): Both fasting and normal sugar levels age wise show some variation. As people age, their body's ability to maintain blood sugar levels may decrease. Seniors' normal fasting or blood sugar levels before eating is between 70 and 120 mg/dL. After eating, blood sugar levels should not exceed 160 mg/dL.

Why Does Blood Sugar Matter with Diabetes?

Diabetes is a systemic condition characterised by high blood sugar levels. When the body cannot produce enough insulin or properly use the insulin it produces, blood glucose levels can become dangerously high. It can lead to various systemic complications and negatively impact overall well-being.

Maintaining normal blood glucose levels is vital for people with diabetes to prevent complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, nerve damage, and vision problems. By closely monitoring blood sugar levels and making necessary lifestyle modifications, people with diabetes can better manage their condition and lower the possibility of complications.

How Is Blood Sugar Tested?

Blood sugar levels can be tested using various methods. The most common method is a blood test that measures the amount of glucose in the blood. This test is known as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test and requires the individual to refrain from eating or drinking any food products except water for at least eight hours before the test. The blood sample is then assessed in a laboratory to determine the blood sugar level.

Another commonly used test is the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test includes drinking a sugary liquid and monitoring blood sugar levels before and two hours after consuming the drink. The OGTT offers valuable insights into the body's glucose processing and is frequently employed in diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes.

When to Test Blood Sugar?

The repetition of blood glucose testing depends on numerous factors, including the person's age, type of diabetes, and overall health. Here are some general guidelines for blood sugar testing:

• Type 1 Diabetes: Individuals with type 1 diabetes typically need to examine their blood sugar levels many times a day, including before meals, after meals, before and after physical activity, and before bed.
• Type 2 Diabetes: The number of blood glucose testing for people with type 2 diabetes may vary. Some may need to test once or twice a day, while others may require more frequent monitoring, especially if they are on insulin therapy or experiencing difficulties managing their blood sugar levels.
• Gestational Diabetes: Pregnant females with gestational diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly. It helps ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.

Following your doctor's guidance regarding when and how often to test your blood sugar levels is essential. Regular monitoring allows for better management of blood sugar levels and early detection of potential issues.

Fasting vs. Non-Fasting Blood Sugar Levels

Fasting blood sugar levels refer to the blood sugar levels after fasting, usually overnight. This test is typically performed in the morning before breakfast. On the other hand, non-fasting blood sugar levels are assessed at any time of the day, regardless of when the individual last ate.

Fasting blood sugar levels provide valuable information about how the body manages glucose during periods of rest. Non-fasting blood sugar levels, however, give a more comprehensive picture of how the body responds to glucose intake throughout the day.

Fasting and non-fasting blood sugar levels are essential in diagnosing and managing diabetes. Your doctor will determine the most suitable test for your situation.

When to Talk With a Doctor

If you are experiencing diabetic symptoms such as frequent urination, increased thirst, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or blurred vision, consult a healthcare professional. These symptoms may indicate high or low blood sugar levels and early intervention is essential for proper management.

Additionally, if you have been diagnosed with diabetes and are struggling to maintain stable blood sugar levels, it is essential to seek guidance from your doctor. They can help you develop a personalised diabetes management plan that includes lifestyle modifications, medication, and regular monitoring to keep your blood sugar levels within a healthy range.

Conclusion

Understanding normal blood sugar levels by age is essential for maintaining optimal wellness, especially for people with diabetes. By knowing the ideal range for different age groups, individuals can take proactive steps to effectively manage their blood sugar levels.

Regular blood sugar testing, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and ongoing communication with doctors are vital to maintaining stable blood sugar levels. With the right strategies, individuals can minimise the risk of complications and enjoy a fulfilling, healthy life.

FAQ's

1. What level of blood sugar is dangerous?

Blood sugar levels that consistently exceed 180 mg/dL (blood sugar levels for people with diabetes) or 140 mg/dL (for non-diabetics) can be considered dangerous. These levels indicate poor blood sugar control and may lead to numerous health complications if not addressed promptly.

2. What do I do when my blood sugar is too high or low?

When blood sugar levels are too high, people with diabetes should follow their doctor's recommendations, which may include adjusting medication, increasing physical activity, or modifying their diet. If blood sugar levels are too low, consuming a quick-acting glucose product, such as fruit juice or candy, can help raise them. It is essential to seek medical attention if low blood sugar persists or severe symptoms accompany high blood sugar.

3. Why is it essential to know normal blood sugar levels by age?

Understanding normal blood sugar levels by age allows people to monitor their health effectively, identify potential complications early on, and take appropriate steps to maintain stable blood sugar levels. This knowledge is particularly crucial for people with diabetes, as it aids them to make informed choices regarding their lifestyle and medication management.

4. What are the dangers of having low blood sugar levels?

Low blood glucose levels, or hypoglycaemia, can be dangerous and lead to various symptoms, such as dizziness, shakiness, confusion, profuse sweating, and even loss of consciousness. If left untreated, severe hypoglycaemia can be life-threatening. Consuming a glucose source is crucial to promptly addressing low blood sugar.

5. What are the potential systemic risks associated with high blood sugar levels?

High blood sugar levels, or hyperglycaemias, can contribute to long-term systemic complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, nerve damage, vision problems, and an increased risk of infections. Effectively managing blood sugar levels is essential to minimise the risk of these complications.

6. How can I maintain normal blood sugar levels through diet and exercise?

Eating a balanced meal that involves a variety of fruits, seasonal vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can maintain normal blood sugar levels. Regular moderate-intensity physical activities like walking, swimming, or cycling are vital in managing blood sugar levels. Working with your healthcare professional or registered dietitian is essential to developing a personalised plan that suits your needs and goals.