I-anemia

Ukwelashwa Kwe-anemia e-Hyderabad

I-anemia yisifo lapho untula khona amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo (RBC). Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu asiza ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ezicubu zomzimba wakho. I-anemia ibizwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hemoglobin ephansi. Uma une-anemia, ikwenza uzizwe ubuthakathaka kakhulu futhi ukhathele. 

I-anemia ingaba yesikhashana noma yesikhathi eside. I-anemia nayo ingahluka ukusuka kokuncane kuye kokuqina. Izigameko eziningi ze-anemia zibangelwa yimbangela engaphezu kweyodwa. Kufanele nakanjani uvakashele udokotela wakho uma usola i-anemia. I-anemia ingaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso lwesifo esibi. Ngokudla okunempilo, Ukudla okunazo zonke, uzokwazi ukuvimbela ukuthola i-anemia. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia kungaba lula njengokuthatha izithasiselo noma kungaba bucayi njengezinqubo ezithile zezokwelapha. Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, sinochwepheshe abanganikeza ukwelashwa okunembile kwe-anemia e-Hyderabad Yokuntula Iron. 

Izinhlobo ze-Anemia

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-anemia ngokusekelwe kumbangela.

• I-anemia ye-aplastic -  Lapho umzimba wakho uyeka ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele, lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi i-Aplastic anemia. Uphawu oluvamile, kanye nomthelela walolu hlobo lwe-anemia, ukuthi kukushiya ukhathele kakhulu. Lokhu kukhathala kukwenza ujwayele ukopha okungalawuleki kanye nezinye izifo. 

• I-anemia yokuntuleka kwe-iron -  Lolu wuhlobo oluvamile lwe-anemia. Igazi alinawo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele kulesi simo ngakho-ke umoya-mpilo awuthwalwa ngendlela efanele emzimbeni wonke. 

• I-Sickle cell anemia -  Isifo se-Sickle cell yigama elinikezwa leli qembu lezifo. Lesi isifo esiwufuzo samangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngamangqamuzana egazi abomvu anezimo ezinjengamasikela (okumise okwenyanga). Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi amangqamuzana ahambe kahle emithanjeni yegazi. 

• Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ze-anemia zihlanganisa i-Thalassemia kanye ne-Vitamin Deficiency Anaemia. 

• I-anemia ehlobene nezifo zomnkantsha: Izimo ezifana ne-leukemia ne-myelofibrosis zingaphazamisa ikhono lomnkantsha wethambo lokukhiqiza igazi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi. Lezi zifo ezinomdlavuza noma ezifanayo zingahluka ngobunzima ukusuka kokuncane kuye kokubeka impilo engcupheni. 

• I-Hemolytic anemias: Lolu hlobo lwe-anemia lwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ebhujiswa ngokushesha kunokuba umnkantsha wamathambo ungawakhiqiza. Ezinye izifo zegazi zisheshisa ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. I-anemia ye-Hemolytic ingase izuzwe njengefa noma ithuthuke kamuva ekuphileni.

Izimpawu Ze-Anemia

Njengoba sike saxoxa ngaphambili, i-anemia ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-anemia zincike kulezi zimbangela ezahlukahlukene kanye nobukhulu be-anemia. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma i-anemia yakho ithambile, ungase ungabonisi nhlobo izimpawu. 

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezimbalwa ezingase zibonise i-anemia:

• Ubuthakathaka obuncane kuya kobunzima

• Ukukhathala njalo

• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma isikhumba esinombala ophuzi

• Ukungahambi kahle kokushaya kwenhliziyo

• Ukuphelelwa umoya

• Imizwa yesiyezi noma ikhanda elilula

• Ubuhlungu esifubeni 

• Ukuzizwa kubanda ezandleni nasezinyaweni

• Ukuphathwa yikhanda

Ekuqaleni, i-anemia ingaba mnene kangangokuthi ayibonakali nhlobo. Kancane kancane, izimpawu ze-anemia ziba zimbi kakhulu ngalesi simo. 

Izinkinga ze-Anemia

I-anemia yenzeka lapho igazi lakho lingenawo amaseli abomvu egazi anele.

Lokhu kungenzeka uma: 

• Umzimba wakho awukhiqizi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele 
• Ukopha kubangela ukulahlekelwa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngokushesha kunokuba angagcwaliswa 
• Umzimba wakho wephula amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.

Izingozi Ezihlobene Ne-Anemia

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingathathwa njengeziyingcuphe ye-anemia. Zimi kanje:- 

• Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ube nokudla okulinganiselayo. Ukudla okungenawo amavithamini namaminerali athile kungase kukuphushele ekusweleni igazi. Uma ukudla kwakho kuhlala kungenavithamini b 12, ithusi, insimbi, ne-folate, ingozi yokuba ne-anemia iyanda. 

• Amathumbu yisitho esiza ngokumuncwa izakhamzimba. Uma unenkinga emathunjini, ukumuncwa kwezakhi emathunjini akho amancane kuyathinteka. Ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. Lokhu kuholela ezifweni ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn esincane nesifo seCeliac. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuba ne-anemia. 

• Njengoba sazi, ukuya esikhathini kwabesifazane kubangela ukulahlekelwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi. Lokhu kubabeka engcupheni enkulu ye-anemia. Amadoda nawo asengozini encane yokuthola i-anemia ngenxa yalesi sizathu. 

• Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuthatha ama-multivitamin kuyadingeka kakhulu kuhlanganise ne-folic acid nensimbi. Uma ungazithathi lezi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, uzoba sengozini enkulu yokuba ne-anemia. 

• Kunezimo ezingapheli ezifana nomdlavuza, nokwehluleka kwezinso, futhi lezi zimo ezingalapheki zingakubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuphelelwa yigazi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izifo ezingelapheki njengalezi zingase zibangele ukushoda kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. 

• Futhi, uma uhlushwa ukulahlekelwa igazi okungapheli ngenxa yezimo ezifana nezilonda noma enye into, lokhu kungaba nomthelela ekuqedeni insimbi egcinwe emzimbeni. Lokhu kuholela ekuntulekeni kwe-iron anemia. 

• I-anemia ingatholwa njengefa. Uma unomlando womndeni we-anemia, njenge-sickle cell anemia, lokho kuzokubeka engcupheni eyengeziwe yokuba ne-anemia. 

• Kukhona futhi izici ezithile, njengezifo ezithile, ukuphazamiseka kokuzivikela komzimba, kanye nezifo zegazi ezandisa ingozi yokuba ne-anemia. Uma unomlando walokhu, ungase ube sengozini yokuthola i-anemia. Ezinye izici zihlanganisa ukuchayeka emakhemikhali anobuthi, ukuluthwa utshwala, nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile. Lokhu kungase kuthinte amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. 

• Okokugcina, njengazo zonke izifo, ukuguga kubeka abantu engozini enkulu yokuthola i-anemia. 

Ukuxilongwa Kwe-anemia

Uma usuzokwelashelwa i-anemia, uzobuzwa imibuzo embalwa mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha nomndeni udokotela wakho. Khona-ke kwakuzohlolwa umzimba wakho. Uma sekwenziwe, ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuzokwenziwa kuwe ngodokotela:- 

Isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC) - I-anemia yisifo segazi. Isibalo samangqamuzana abomvu egazi siyadingeka ngempela. Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa ukuze uthole ukubala okuphelele kwenani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni wakho. Ukwazi inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni wakho kubaluleke kakhulu kudokotela ukuze anqume ukuthi uphethwe yini i-anemia. 

Ukuhlolwa kuyenziwa futhi ukuze kutholwe ukuma nosayizi wamangqamuzana egazi abomvu kanye nendlela yokwelashwa kwe-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi. Ngalokhu kuhlolwa, kutholwa ukuthi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anomumo nobukhulu obujwayelekile yini. 

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwenziwa ngomnkantsha ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-anemia. 

Ukwelashwa Kwe-anemia

Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia kuncike kumbangela ewumsuka. 

• I-Iron Supplements: Uma i-anemia ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iron, izithako zingase zibekwe ukukhulisa amazinga ensimbi. Lokhu kuvame ukudingekile lapho i-anemia ibangelwa insimbi enganele ekudleni noma ukulahlekelwa kwegazi okungapheli.
• I-Vitamin B12 Supplements: I-anemia ebangelwa ukushoda kwe-vitamin B12 ngokuvamile iphathwa ngezithako ze-B12, ngomlomo noma ngemijovo. Lokhu kuvamile kubantu abane-anemia eyingozi noma izinkinga zokumuncwa.
• I-Folic Acid Supplements: Izithako ze-Folic acid zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-anemia ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-folic acid, okungenzeka ngenxa yokungadli kahle noma izinkinga zokumuncwa.
• Ukwelashwa Kwezimo Ezingaphansi: I-anemia ingaba uphawu lwezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha. Ukubhekana nalezi zimbangela kungasiza ekuxazululeni i-anemia.
• Ukumpontshelwa Igazi: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho i-anemia ibangela izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ukumpontshelwa igazi kungase kudingeke ukuze kubuyiselwe ngokushesha amangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi kuthuthukiswe amazinga komoyampilo.
• Izinguquko Zokudla: I-anemia encane noma ukwelashwa okusekelayo kungase kuhlanganise ukulungisa ukudla ukuze kufake ukudla okune-iron okwengeziwe, njengenyama ebomvu, izinkukhu, inhlanzi, ubhontshisi, ama-lentils, okusanhlamvu okuqinisiwe, nemifino eluhlaza.
• Ukuguqulwa Kwendlela Yokuphila: Ukulawula izici ezibangela ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, njengokuphuma kwegazi kakhulu kokuya esikhathini noma ukopha emathunjini, nokugwema izinto ezivimbela ukumuncwa kwensimbi (isb., i-caffeine eningi noma i-calcium) kungase kube yingxenye yendlela yokwelapha.