I-Aortic Aneurysms

Ukwelashwa Kwezilonda ze-Aortic e-Hyderabad, e-India

Iyini i-Aortic Aneurysm?

Iwumthambo omkhulu wegazi, othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba. I-aorta inweba izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-1.5 ubukhulu bayo obuvamile uma kune-aneurysm. I-aneurysm ingenzeka noma kuphi ku-aorta.

I-Aortic Aneurysm Treatment e-Hyderabad ingenye yezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezenziwa emzimbeni womuntu, ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-thoracoabdominal aneurysms. Umphumela omuhle uvela ekuhlanganiseni kwezinto ezihlanganisa inqwaba yochwepheshe bezokwelapha emikhakheni eminingi eyahlukene, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezikhungo. Inqubo idinga izazi zenhliziyo, odokotela abahlinzayo benhliziyo, izazi zenhliziyo, izazi ze-radiologists, odokotela ababulala izinzwa, ama-perfusionists, ama-physiotherapist, kanye izazi zokudla njengochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuba negumbi labagula kakhulu elihlome kahle elinodokotela abangochwepheshe kanye nebhange legazi elikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yegazi ehlukahlukene ekhethekile ngokuvamile ngesaziso esifushane kanye nokuba khona kwazo zonke lezi zinkonzo nezisebenzi ubusuku nemini. Ngenxa yengqalasizinda enganele noma ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, izikhungo eziningi ziyakugwema ukwenza le misebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, lokhu kuhlinzwa, okuyingxenye ye-Aortic Aneurysm Treatment e-Hyderabad, kwenziwa ngobuningi ochwepheshe abanokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile nolwazi ekwenzeni lolu hlobo lwenqubo ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Indlela ehlanganisa imikhakha eminingi isiza ukulungisa indlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile ngokwezidingo ezithile zesiguli ngasinye. Izibhedlela ze-CARE zinegumbi lokuhlinza eliyingxube elinendawo yokufaka i-cardiac catheterization, elenza inhlanganisela yezinqubo ezivulekile nezingenelelayo.

Izinhlobo ze-Aortic Aneurysm

• I-aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu: Yaziwa ngokuthi i-aortic aneurysm yesisu uma ivela engxenyeni yesisu ye-aorta. Ukwelashwa kwe-aortic aneurysms ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku-aorta yesisu.
• I-aorta ye-thoracic aneurysm: I-thoracic aortic aneurysm yenzeka lapho i-aneurysm ikhona engxenyeni yethoracic ye-aorta.
• I-thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm: Ibizwa ngokuthi i-thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm lapho i-aneurysm ivela kuzo zombili izingxenye ze-thoracic nesisu ze-aorta.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Aortic Aneurysm: I-aorta ifana nesemishi elinezingqimba ezintathu. Ungqimba olwaziwa ngokuthi i-intima lungaphakathi kwemidiya, engaphakathi kwesendlalelo se-adventitia.

Lesi simo sibangelwa lapho ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-aorta olubizwa ngokuthi izinyembezi ze-intima kanye negazi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu luhlukanisa izingqimba zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zemidiya ukuze zenze i-lumen engamanga ebangela ubuthakathaka kanye nokwenyuka okulandelayo okubizwa ngokuthi i-aortic dissection noma i-aneurysm yokuhlukanisa i-aorta.

Zivame kangakanani?

Ama-aneurysms e-aorta yesisu avame kakhulu kwabesilisa nakulawo abelwe abesilisa ekuzalweni, ngesilinganiso sezikhathi ezi-4 kuye kwezingu-6 uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane kanye nalabo ababelwe abesifazane lapho bezalwa. Zithinta cishe u-1% wamadoda aneminyaka engama-55 kuya kwengama-64 futhi ziya ngokuya zivame ukuguga, futhi amathuba enyuka cishe ngo-4% njalo eshumini leminyaka. 

I-aorta ye-aorta yesisu ivame kakhulu kune-thoracic aortic aneurysms, mhlawumbe ngenxa yodonga oluqinile noluqinile lwe-thoracic aorta uma kuqhathaniswa ne-aorta yesisu.

Izinkinga ze-aortic aneurysms

• Inqubo yokuqina kodonga lwe-artery iholela ku-aneurysm nokwelula.

• Ukungajwayelekile kukhodi yofuzo njenge-Marfan syndrome, i-Loeys-Dietz syndrome, nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

• Ukutheleleka.

• Izimo eziholela ekuvuvukeni, njenge-Takayasu arthritis.

• I-cholesterol ephakeme

• ukuhlukumezeka

• Iziguli ze-thoracic aortic aneurysm zingamaphesenti angu-21 amathuba okuba nomlando womndeni walesi simo.

Izimpawu ze-thoracic aortic aneurysm

• Lapho i-aortic aneurysm isesigabeni sokuqala, ngokuvamile ayinazimpawu.

• I-Aneurysms ye-thoracic aorta ingabangela isifuba noma ubuhlungu beqolo.

• Kungase kube nobunzima bokuphefumula.

• Ukukhwehlela.

• Njengoba i-thoracic aortic aneurysms ikhula, izwi liba nomsindo.

• Ipayipi lokudla liyacindezelwa, okwenza ukugwinya kube nzima.

• I-aorta dissecting aneurysm ibangela ubuhlungu obungalindelekile, obunamandla emuva.

Izimpawu ze-aortic aneurysm yesisu

Izimpawu ze-aorta aneurysm yesisu ubuhlungu besisu noma isigaxa sesisu esishayayo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-thoracic aortic aneurysm

• I-Aneurysms ye-aorta ngokuvamile ayinazimpawu.

• Kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ukuthi uthola i-aortic aneurysms.

• I-x-ray yesifuba iveza ama-aneurysms amakhulu ku-thorax.

• I-echocardiogram yembula ubufakazi be-thoracic aneurysms eduze kwe-aorta arch ekhuphukayo kanye nama-arch ehlayo ethoracic.

• Ngisho ne-aortic aneurysms encane yesisu ingabonwa nge-ultrasound yesisu.

• I-CT aortogram inikeza imininingwane emincane mayelana ne-thoracic, thoracoabdominal, kanye ne-abdominal aneurysms yokuhlela ukwelashwa.

• Ukufanekisa iMagnetic Resonance (MRI).

• I-Angiography.

Ukwelashwa kwe-thoracic aortic aneurysms

• Imithi elawula umfutho wegazi kanye nokulandelwa kwezinyanga eziyisi-6 kwe-CT noma i-MRI ezigulini ezine-aortic aneurysms engaphansi kuka-5 cm ububanzi ngaphandle kwe-Marfan syndrome, lapho ukwelashwa kwe-aortic aneurysm yeluleka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ububanzi be-aneurysm.

• I-TEVAR (ukulungiswa kwe-aorta ye-thoracic endovascular) iyinqubo ye-aorta aneurysms enosayizi ophakathi. Iziguli ezisengozini enkulu yokuhlinzwa okuvulekile nazo zingazuza kule nqubo. Inzuzo enkulu yale nqubo ukukhululeka lapho i-stent yensimbi emboziwe ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwe-aortic aneurysm ngokusebenzisa ukusikeka okuncane ku-groin ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba noma isisu. Isibulali-zinzwa sasendaweni singasetshenziswa ukwenza inqubo.

• Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kwe-thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Prevention

Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi kukhulisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-aortic aneurysm. Kodwa-ke, ungayinciphisa le ngozi ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ebandakanya:

• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.

I-Aortic Ulcer

Iyini I-Aortic Ulcer?

Ukwakheka kwe-plaque yi-atherosclerosis kubangela lokhu kungahambi kahle kodonga lwe-aorta, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi isilonda se-aortic esingena ngaphakathi. Ngokudiliza ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwe-aorta, umkhumbi wegazi omkhulu kunawo wonke emzimbeni osuka kude nenhliziyo, ama-plaque adala umonakalo omkhulu emithanjeni yegazi. I-thoracic aortic aneurysm noma i-aortic dissection ingenzeka lapho i-plaque iguguleka udonga lwe-artery yesifuba.

Izimpawu ze-Aortic Ulcer

Izimpawu zesilonda se-aortic kunzima ukuzichaza ngoba zivamile kwezinye izimo eziningi. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zibonise isilonda se-aortic:

• I-Aneurysm noma i-dissection ye-aorta emndenini.

• Izimo zofuzo ezithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo, njenge-Marfan syndrome kanye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

• I-Bicuspid aortic valve isifo.

• Isifo se-coronary artery (isifo senhliziyo), esingaholela ku-atherosclerosis.

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Aortic Ulcer

Udokotela angase akudlulisele ekuhlolweni kwesithombe senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uma ukhononda ngesifuba noma ubuhlungu beqolo obungavamile noma okunzima ukukuchaza.

• CT scan

• Ukuskena kwe-MRI

Ukwelashwa Kwezilonda ze-Aortic

Ithimba le izazi zenhliziyo, odokotela abahlinza inhliziyo kanye odokotela abahlinza imithambo yegazi esikhungweni se-Aortic kuhola futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa kwezifo ze-aortic. Udokotela ufuna ukuvimbela ama-aortic aneurysms noma ama-dissection ukuthi athuthuke kusuka esilonda se-aortic. Lokhu cishe kufezwe ngu:

Ukwenza ukugada kusebenze: Okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi “ukulinda ukuqapha,” lokhu kuhilela ukuqapha njalo isilonda kusetshenziswa izivivinyo zezithombe ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa.
Imithi: Imithi ingase ibekwe ukwelapha isifo se-coronary artery.

Kuye ngodokotela wakho, ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa ukuze ugweme ukubhebhetheka kwesilonda. Izinketho zokuhlinzwa zingabandakanya:

• Ukulungiswa kwe-thoracic endovascular aortic (TEVAR) kuhilela ukuxhuma ishubhu lensimbi ngokusebenzisa umthambo osemlenzeni ungene ku-aorta ukuze ubuyisele indawo eyonakele.

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-aorta okuhlanganisa i-endovascular (i-catheter-based) nezindlela ezivulekile zokulungisa udonga.

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-aorta ngegraft ukuze kulungiswe indawo enezilonda.

• Ukushintshwa kwezimpande ze-aortic ezigcina i-valve lapho isilonda senzeka lapho i-aorta ihlangana nenhliziyo zaziwa ngokuthi ama-valve-sparing aortic root replacements.