Ukukhulelwa Okuyingozi Ephezulu

Ukwelashwa Kokukhulelwa Okunobungozi obukhulu

Ukukhulelwa kubhekwa njengokuyingozi enkulu lapho umama, umbungu okhulayo noma bobabili besengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha. Kuphoqelekile ukuthi abesifazane abanjalo nezingane zabo baqashwe ngeso lokhozi futhi banakekelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini edala ukwelashwa kokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuyilawula ngesikhathi esifanele. 

Izimbangela zokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu

Izimbangela zokukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu kungaba okuhlobene nomama, okuhlobene ne-foetal, noma okuhlobene nokukhulelwa. Kunjalo: 

Izinkinga ezihlobene nomama: 

• Iminyaka kamama endala/encane
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona ngaphambili njenge nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, sikashukela or Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukulahleka kokukhulelwa okujwayelekile
• Ukufa kwe-intrauterine fetus okungachazwanga (IUFD) noma ukuzala oshonile esikhathini esedlule

Izimbangela ezihlobene ne-foetal: 

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa (ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa)
• Ukukhulelwa okuningi noma ukukhulelwa (ukukhulelwa okunombungu ongaphezu kowodwa)
• umkhawulo wokukhula kombungu

Izimbangela ezihlobene nokukhulelwa: 

• Izimo ezikhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela (isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa), i-preeclampsia (umfutho wegazi ophakeme), noma i-eclampsia (isifo sokuwa)
• ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngemuva kwesikhathi
• Ukuma okungajwayelekile kwe placenta (i-placenta isiza ekushintshisaneni ngemisoco, umoya-mpilo, kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile phakathi kukamama nombungu)

Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso

Lapho ufunda ukuthi ukhulelwe, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho umhlabeleli udokotela wezifo zabesifazane ukuxoxa ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu. Xoxa ngazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona, ukuphathwa kwazo, kanye nemiphumela efanayo engase ibe khona ekusimeni nasekubelethweni. Nazi ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zokukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu:

• Ukusuka kwamagciwane

• isiyezi noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

• Isisu esingabekezeleleki noma ubuhlungu be-pelvic

• Ukuncipha komsebenzi wengane

• Uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane sangasese luyavuza emzimbeni wakho

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zalezi ezingenhla. 

Izici eziyingozi zokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu

Abantu abanezimo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona ngaphambili babhekana nezingozi eziphakeme zempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Eminye yale mibandela ihlanganisa:

• Izifo ezizimele ezifana ne-lupus noma i-multiple sclerosis (MS).
• I-COVID-19.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• Ama-Fibroids.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• I-HIV / AIDS.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Isisindo somzimba esiphansi (BMI ngaphansi kuka-18.5).
• Impilo yengqondo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka.
• Ukukhuluphala.
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
• Isifo sendlala yegilo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokujiya kwegazi.

1. Izifo ze-Autoimmune (njenge-Lupus noma i-Multiple Sclerosis): Ezifweni ze-autoimmune, amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana awo. Ekukhulelweni, lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Isibonelo, i-lupus ingathinta inhliziyo yomntwana, futhi i-multiple sclerosis ingase ibe yimbi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
2. I-COVID-19: I-COVID-19 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingandisa amathuba okuba nomntwana ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi, noma izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Amacala abucayi e-COVID-19 nawo angaholela ezinkingeni zomoya-mpilo kubo bobabili umama nengane.
3. Isifo sikashukela (Ukukhulelwa kanye nesikhona ngaphambili): Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa senzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi singabangela umntwana ukuba akhule kakhulu, okungase kubangele izinkinga zokubeletha. Isifo sikashukela esivele sikhona (ngaphambi kokukhulelwa) singabangela izinkinga zokuzalwa, izinkinga zokukhula, noma ngisho nokubeletha uma kungalawulwa ngendlela efanele.
4. Ama-Fibroids: Ama-fibroids yizimila ezingenawo umdlavuza esibelethweni. Zingabangela izinkinga ezifana nokuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma ubunzima bokuzala ngenxa yobukhulu noma isikhundla.
5. Ukucindezela Kwegazi Eliphezulu: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu) unganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ku-placenta, okungase kubangele ukuba umntwana akhule kancane noma azalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kungase futhi kwandise ingozi ye-preeclampsia, isimo esibucayi sikamama nosana.
6. I-HIV/AIDS: I-HIV ingadluliswa isuka kumama iye enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ebeletha. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kungandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kuthinte ukukhula nempilo yengane, kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, amathuba okudlulisela i-HIV enganeni angancipha kakhulu.
7. Isifo sezinso: Izinkinga zezinso zingathinta inani lemisoco kanye ne-oksijini ingane eyitholayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzalweni okuphansi, ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma ezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
8. Isisindo Somzimba Esiphansi (BMI ngaphansi kuka-18.5): Ukuba nesisindo esiphansi kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa kwengane enesisindo esiphansi. Kungenza kube nzima enganeni ukuthola imisoco edingekayo ukuze ikhule ngendlela efanele.
9. Ukuphazamiseka Kwempilo Yengqondo (kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka): Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka zingathinta impilo kamama nengane. Kungase kwenyuse ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi. Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka ingase ibe nemiphumela enganeni.
10. Ukukhuluphala: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Umntwana angase futhi akhule kakhulu, okuholela ezinkingeni lapho ezalwa.
11. I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): I-PCOS yisimo esithinta amazinga ehomoni yowesifazane. Kungenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa futhi kwenyuse ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
12. Isifo se-thyroid: Izinkinga zegilo, njenge-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle) noma i-hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile), zingathinta kokubili impilo kamama nengane. Kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinjengokuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma izinkinga zokukhula kwengane.
13. Izinkinga zokuvala igazi: Ukuphazamiseka kokujiya kwegazi kungabangela amahlule egazi ukuthi akheke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-preeclampsia noma ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Zingaphazamisa nokugeleza kwegazi ku-placenta, okungalimaza umntwana.

Izimo ezithile zempilo ezihlobene nokukhulelwa nazo zingaba yingozi kumuntu okhulelwe kanye nosana. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma izimo zofuzo ku-fetus.
• Umkhawulo wokukhula kwe-fetus.
• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
• Ukukhulelwa kaningi (ukukhulelwa okune-fetus engaphezu kweyodwa, isb, amawele noma amawele amathathu).
• I-Preeclampsia kanye ne-eclampsia.
• Umlando wokusikwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa, noma izinkinga zokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kubalulekile ukulungisa ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele ezithile ezihlobene nalezi zimo futhi kuncishiswe izingozi ezingaba khona kumuntu okhulelwe kanye nombungu.

Izinkinga zokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu

Ukukhulelwa okuyingozi enkulu kungaba yingozi enkulu kumuntu okhulelwe kanye nombungu. Izinkinga ezivamile ezingase ziphakame zihlanganisa:

• Izimo ezihlobene ne-preeclampsia ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme wokukhulelwa, i-preeclampsia, ne-eclampsia.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Isigaba sokuhlinzwa.
• Ukopha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusikwa, ukubeletha, noma ngemva kokuzalwa (ukopha kwangemva kokubeletha).
• Isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, okubhekisela ezinkingeni zokukhula ezithweni zomntwana njengenhliziyo noma ubuchopho (ezaziwa nangokuthi izimo zokuzalwa).
• Isidingo sokuthi ingane yakho ingeniswe egunjini labagula kakhulu (NICU).
• Isidingo sokuthi umama angeniswe egunjini labagula kakhulu (ICU).
• Ukuphuphuma kwesisu.
• Ukuzala.

Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngengozi yakho yalezi zinkinga nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ungangabazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Ngokuqapha nokunakekelwa okufanele, wena nomhlinzeki wakho ningasebenza ndawonye ukuze ninciphise amathuba okuba khona kwalezi zinkinga noma ezinye izinkinga.

Ukuxilongwa kokukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu:

Uzonikezwa udokotela wakho ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi kwalokhu okubalulwe ngezansi ukuze ubone ukukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu:

• Ama-Ultrasound - Ama-ultrasound ahlosiwe angaveza izithombe zengane yakho esibelethweni, futhi angasetshenziswa ukuhlola izinto ezifana nokungajwayelekile kombungu.

• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi - Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nakho kungathola izimbangela zokukhulelwa ezinobungozi obukhulu njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme wokukhulelwa. Wena kanye nengane yakho ningaba sengcupheni uma lokhu kwenzeka futhi kuyodingeka niqashwe futhi nokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

• I-Urinalysis- Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola ukuthi kukhona amaprotheni amaningi emchameni, angasetshenziswa ukuxilonga izimo ezifana ne-preeclampsia.

Ukuphathwa kokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu

Ukulawulwa kokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu ngokuvamile kuncike ezimbangela zako nezimpawu zakho. Ukulandelelwa njalo nodokotela wakho kanye nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kubalulekile ngesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa uma kwenzeka ukukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu. Okulandelayo ezinye zezindlela ezivamile zokwelapha ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu:

• Isifo Sikashukela Somzimba- Ukuqapha njalo kweglucose kuyanconywa futhi kunikezwe nemithi yokulawula amazinga eglucose. Omama abakhulelwe kufanele futhi balandele uhlelo lokudla ukuze balawule amazinga eglucose emzimbeni. 

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - Ama-Anti-hypertensives (imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi) iyanqunywa. Lesi simo singelashwa futhi ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila njengokunciphisa ukudla kukasawoti kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo.

• Izici ezihlobene ne-foetal- Ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukukhula kwe-fetus kanye nenqubekela phambili kwenziwa kuze kube yilapho ukubeletha. 

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu?

Ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, cabangela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa notshwala.
• Ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, hlola ubungozi bezempilo obungaba khona ngokwazisa umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo mayelana nomndeni wakho kanye nomlando wakho wezempilo.
• Gcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
• Lawula ngokuphumelelayo noma yiziphi izimo zempilo esele zikhona ongase ube nazo.
• Qinisekisa ukuphepha kwemithi yesikhathi eside ezosetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Yeka ukubhema.
• Hlela ukukhulelwa okuphakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 kuya kwengama-34.
• Zijwayeze ukwenza ucansi oluphephile.

Ukuphila nokukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu

Ukuphila nokukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu kungaba yinselele, kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokusekelwa, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula izingozi futhi babe nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile namathiphu okulawula ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu:

• Vakashela Udokotela Wakho Njalo: Uzodinga ukubonana nodokotela wakho kaningi ukuze ulandelele impilo yakho kanye nempilo yengane yakho. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa, ama-ultrasounds, nomsebenzi wegazi.
• Landela Iseluleko Sikadokotela Wakho: Kubalulekile ukulalela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, njengokuphuza umuthi noma ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo, ukuze ugweme izinkinga phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho.
• Nakekela Impilo Yakho: Uma unezinkinga zempilo, njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, qiniseka ukuthi ziyalawuleka. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa okuvamile, imithi, noma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
• Qaphela Izimpawu Zesexwayiso: Uma ubona izinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zezinkinga ezidinga ukunakwa.
• Phila Impilo Enempilo: Yidla ukudla okunempilo, uphuze amanzi amaningi futhi uphumule. Hlala usebenza, kodwa ngezindlela kuphela udokotela wakho azigunyaza, ukuze kukusize ugcine wena nengane yakho niphilile.
• Funa Usekelo Lwemizwelo: Ukukhulelwa kungaba nengcindezi, ikakhulukazi uma kuyingozi enkulu. Khuluma nomndeni, abangani, noma umeluleki ukuze uthole ukwesekwa uma uzizwa ukhathazekile noma ucindezelekile.
• Uhlelo Lokulethwa: Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezinketho zakho zokubeletha, njengokuthi ungase udinge i-C-section noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuze uzilungiselele.
• Lungiselela Ukunakekelwa Okungeziwe Kwengane Yakho: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu kungase kusho ukuthi ingane idinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe esibhedlela ngemva kokuzalwa. Kulungele lokhu okungenzeka futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngakho.
• Ungakhathazeki: Ukukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu kungaba nzima, ngakho-ke zinike umusa. Ungesabi ukucela usizo futhi uthathe ikhefu lapho uwadinga.

Kungani ukhethe izibhedlela ze-CARE zokukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu?

Ukukhulelwa okusengozini enkulu kudinga ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe njengoba maningi amathuba okuba nezinkinga zempilo nobabili wena nengane yakho. Thina, ezibhedlela ze-CARE, sihlome ngodokotela abangochwepheshe abanolwazi olunzulu odokotela bokubelethisa kanye nodokotela bezifo zabesifazane kanye nodokotela abaphinde baqeqeshelwe imithi yokubeletha komama ukuze banikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo zokukhulelwa ezisengozini enkulu. Sinengqalasizinda yesimanje engakusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho, ngaleyo ndlela uqalise ukuphathwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha. Ochwepheshe bethu ezibhedlela ze-CARE bayohlale bekunikeza wena nengane yakho ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Sihlinzeka:  

• Isithombe se-fetus esinemininingwane sokuxilonga ukungahambi kahle kwezokwelapha kusetshenziswa amasu okuthwebula athuthukile nokuhlela amasu okwelapha afanelekile.

• Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokuqinisekisa umphumela omuhle wesikhathi eside wengane engakazalwa, ukumisa uhlelo lokunakekela lomuntu siqu ngaphambi nangemva kokubeletha kanye nesikhathi sokuzalwa.

• Imfundo yangaphambi kokubeletha mayelana nokubeletha okuyingozi kakhulu kanye nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha ukuze ulungiselele isinyathelo esilandelayo sokukhulelwa, kuyilapho weseka futhi unciphisa ukucindezeleka komama nomndeni.

Izibhedlela ze-CARE zihlinzeka ngokwelashwa kokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu e-Hyderabad ngokunakekelwa nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu futhi inofuzo olunolwazi lokuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.