Sclerosis multiple

Ukwelashwa kwe-Multiple Sclerosis e-Hyderabad, e-India

Ukwelashwa Okuthenjwayo Nokuphelele Kwe-Multiple Sclerosis 

Ukulwa nesifo esingamahlalakhona esifana ne-multiple sclerosis futhi ufuna ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu? khona-ke usufike endaweni efanele. Izibhedlela ze-CARE zinikeza ikhambi elingcono kakhulu le-multiple sclerosis. Lesi sifo sithinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi somgogodla, ubuchopho, nezinzwa zamehlo. Futhi, izimpawu zingahlukahluka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ezigabeni zokuqala, isiguli singaba nezimpawu ezifana nokuba ndikindiki ezithweni noma ukuntweza kanye nokungaboni kahle. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa umbono, izinkinga zokuhamba, nokukhubazeka kubikwa (kuyinsakavukela). 

Ukuthola imbangela ye-multiple sclerosis 

Ososayensi abanikezi imbangela eqondile ye-MS (multiple sclerosis) kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi i-MS iwukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune okuthinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi somuntu. Uma umuntu ehlushwa yi-autoimmune disease, izicubu ezinempilo zihlaselwa amasosha omzimba njengama-bacteria noma amagciwane. Ku-multiple sclerosis, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sihlasela igobolondo le-myelin elivikela futhi lizungeze imicu yezinzwa ngesikhathi esifanayo okubangela ukuvuvukala. Lesi sifo sibangela izicubu ezibomvu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Odokotela babiza lokhu kuqina kwe-sclerosis noma izindawo zezibazi ngezilonda noma ama-plaque. Ngokuyinhloko zinomthelela:-

• Ukuba khona kwezinto ezimhlophe kwezinye izindawo zobuchopho 

• Umgogodla

• I-Brain stem 

• I-cerebellum inesibopho sokuxhumanisa ibhalansi nokunyakaza

• Izinzwa ze-Optic

Ngokukhula kwezilonda, izinzwa zingalimala. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-pulses kagesi ebuchosheni amisa ukuhamba kahle futhi akhubaze umzimba ekuzameni imisebenzi ethile. 

I-Multiple sclerosis ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezine: -

• I-RRMS (i-Relapse-remitting MS) - Lolu hlobo luthathwa njengolujwayeleke kakhulu njengoba abantu abangaba ngu-80% betholakala benalokhu ekuqaleni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iziqephu zezimpawu ezintsha nezikhulayo ezilandelwa yizikhathi zokuxolelwa phakathi naleso sikhathi izimpawu ezimbalwa ziphela ngokuphelele noma kancane. 
• I-CIS (i-Clinically isolated syndrome) - Saziwa njengesiqephu sokuqala noma esisodwa lapho izimpawu zihlala cishe amahora angama-24. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-RRMS. 
• I-PPMS (Primary Progressive MS) - Izimpawu ze-multiple sclerosis ziwohloka kancane kancane lapho kungabikho ukuxola noma ukuphinde kuqale. Kubikwa ku-20% wabantu. 
• I-SPMS (i-MS eqhubekayo yesibili - Uma abantu sebethole ukuxolelwa noma iziqephu zokubuyela emuva, lesi sifo siqala ukuqhubeka kancane kancane. 

Woza kithi uma unezimpawu zokuqala nezimpawu 

Njengamanje, uyazi ukuthi i-MS ithinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko esilawula isenzo ngasinye somzimba wethu, ngakho-ke ingase ithinte izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, njenge:

• Ukuluma nokuba ndikindiki - Ukuzwa kwenaliti noma uhlobo lwephini kuzwakala njengophawu lwakuqala. Kungase kuthinte imilenze, izingalo, umzimba, nobuso. 
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha - Njengoba izimpawu zikhula, abantu bangase baqale ukwakha izicubu ezibuthakathaka lapho kungabikho ukukhuthazwa okuholela ekulimaleni kwezinzwa. 
• Izinkinga zesinye - Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isibonakaliso sokuqala lapho umuntu engakwazi ukulawula ukuchama futhi athole kunzima ukukhipha esinyeni sakhe. 
• Uphawu lwe-Lhermitte - Kufana nokuzwa ukushaqeka kukagesi ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwentamo yakho. 
• I-Vertigo nesiyezi - Lezi yizinkinga ezihambisana nezinkinga zokuxhumanisa nokulinganisa. 
• Izinkinga zamathumbu - Ukungqubuzana kwendle kubangelwa ukuqunjelwa okungase kubangele ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwamathumbu. 
• Ukukhubazeka ngokocansi - Kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa baqala ukuphelelwa isithakazelo ocansini. 
• Izinkinga zombono - Abantu bokuqala babika ukuzamazama. Ngemva kwalokhu, baphinde bathole ukubona okufiphele noma okukabili. Lokhu kungase kube ukulahlekelwa okuphelele noma ukulahlekelwa ukubona kancane. Kubuhlungu ukunyakaza kwamehlo futhi iso elilodwa liyathinteka ngesikhathi. 
• Izinkinga zenkumbulo nokufunda - Isiguli sikuthola kunzima ukuhlela, ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukwenza izinto eziningi, ukubeka phambili nokufunda. 
• Ukucindezeleka - Ukulimala kwe-nerve fiber noma ukuwohloka kwamehlo kungase konakaliswe ebuchosheni okuholela ezinguqukweni zemizwa. 
• Ubuhlungu - Lolu uphawu olujwayelekile lwe-MS, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu be-neuropathic. Ezinye izinhlungu zibangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha. Izimpawu ezimbalwa ezingajwayelekile kakhulu zihlanganisa ukungezwa, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukulunywa, izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma, nokunye. 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-multiple sclerosis ngochwepheshe bethu 

Ochwepheshe bethu babala zonke izimbangela ezinjengobudala, izici zofuzo, ubulili, izifo, imikhuba yokubhema, ukuntula uvithamini D noma B12, njll. Uma sesiqedile ngokwazi izimbangela ezingase zibe khona kanye nomlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi odokotela bethu batuse ukuhlolwa kwemizwa nomzimba. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuhlolwa okukodwa akwanele ngokuya ngobunzima, ngakho-ke sibheka amasu ahlukene wenqubo yokuxilongwa, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlaziywa koketshezi lomgogodla kuyakwazi ukuhlola amasosha omzimba akhombisa ukufana kwamaprotheni angaphambili noma ukutheleleka. 

• Iskena se-MRI somgogodla nengqondo ukuhlola izilonda. 

• Ukuxilongwa okuvusiwe kuyenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe umsebenzi kagesi ukuze kuphendulwe izisusa.

Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwe-multiple sclerosis 

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi alikho ikhambi eliphelele le-multiple sclerosis kodwa sinakho ukwelashwa ukuze sibonise ukuqhubeka kwaso. Ukwelashwa kwethu kuphumelela ekwehliseni ubukhali bokuphinda futhi kudambise izimpawu ezingaba khona. Ezigulini ezimbalwa, sisebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukile noma ezihambisanayo. 

Nakuba okwamanje lingekho ikhambi le-multiple sclerosis (MS), okugxilwe kakhulu ekwelashweni kusekulawulweni kwezimpawu, ukunciphisa ukuphindeka emuva (izikhathi zokukhula kwezimpawu), kanye nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Uhlelo oluphelele lokwelapha lungahlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Imithi Yokuguqula Izifo (DMTs): Imithi ehlukahlukene egunyazwe yi-FDA iyatholakala ekwelapheni isikhathi eside kwe-MS. Lawa ma-DMT aklanyelwe ukunciphisa imvamisa yokubuyela emuva, ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo, nokuvimbela ukwakheka kwezilonda ezintsha ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni.
• Imithi yokulawula ukuphinda: Uma kwenzeka ukuphindeka okunamandla, izazi ze-neurologists zingancoma ukulinganisa okuphezulu kwe-corticosteroids. Le mithi ihlose ukunciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala futhi ivimbele ukulimala emgodleni we-myelin ozungeze amangqamuzana ezinzwa.
• Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba: I-MS ingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni komzimba, futhi ukugcina ukuqina ngokomzimba namandla kubalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuhamba. Ukuvuselela umzimba kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imiphumela yesifo emandleni angokwenyama.
• Ukwelulekwa Ngempilo Yengqondo: Ukubhekana nesifo esingamahlalakhona njenge-MS kungase kubangele izinselele ezingokomzwelo, futhi lesi sifo ngokwaso singase sithinte imizwa nenkumbulo. Ukufuna ukwesekwa kudokotela wezifo zengqondo noma ukuzibandakanya kwezinye izinhlobo zokusekelwa ngokomzwelo kubalulekile ekulawuleni ngempumelelo umthelela jikelele wesifo.

Prevention

Imithi yokwelapha yokuguqula izifo igqama njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa imvamisa yokuqubuka, okubuye kwaziwe njengokubuyela emuva noma ukuhlasela, kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis (MS). Kodwa-ke, ukuphila ngendlela enempilo kubalulekile ngokufanayo, njengoba ukukhetha okwenziwayo kungaba nomthelela ekwehliseni ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo kanye nokwenza ngcono inhlalakahle jikelele.

Ukwamukela izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila kungaba nomthelela omuhle kulesi simo:

• Ukugcina Ukudla Okunempilo: Nakuba kungekho "umlingo" okhethekile wokudla kwe-MS, ochwepheshe batusa ukudla okulinganiselayo okuhlanganisa izithelo nemifino eningi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amafutha anempilo, namaprotheni angenalutho. Ukunciphisa ukudla okunoshukela owengeziwe, amafutha angenampilo, nokudla okugayiwe nakho kuyalulekwa.
• Ukuzivivinya Okuvamile: I-MS ingaholela ebuthakathakeni bemisipha, izinkinga zokulinganisela, nobunzima bokuhamba. Ukuvivinya umzimba okuvamile, kanye nokuvumelana nezimo nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla, kubalulekile ukuqinisa imisipha nokugcina ukusebenza komzimba.
• Ukulawula Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kungaba nemithelela engokomzimba nengokomzwelo, kube nomthelela enhlalakahleni yonke. Ukulawula ingcindezi ngokwenza imisebenzi efana ne-yoga, ukuzindla, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokufuna ukusekelwa kumhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo kubalulekile. Ukulawula ukucindezeleka okwanele nakho kungathuthukisa ukulala futhi kunciphise ukukhathala okuhlobene ne-MS.
• Ukugwema Ukubhema kanye Nokunciphisa Ukuphuza Utshwala: Ukubhema nokuphuzwa kotshwala ngokweqile kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwezimpawu ze-MS futhi kungase kusheshise ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ukuyeka ukubhema kunenzuzo empilweni yonke futhi kusekela ukuphathwa kwe-MS.

Imithi yokukhula kancane 

Odokotela bethu batusa i-DMT (izindlela zokwelapha ezishintsha izifo) ezigunyazwe i-FDA (Ukulawulwa Kokudla nezidakamizwa) ukuze zelaphe amafomu abuyela emuva e-MS. Lezi zisebenza ekuguquleni imisebenzi yamasosha omzimba. Odokotela bethu banikeza lezi ngezindlela ezahlukene ngokufakwa, ngomjovo, noma ngomlomo. Izikhawu isiguli esiyidingayo le mithi nazo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli. 

Umgomo wethu uwukunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ezigulini zethu ngakho kanye nemithi enomthelela, siphinde sinikeze izindlela zokwelapha ezingase zibe khona ezingokomzimba nezivuselelayo. Sincoma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze ubuyisele futhi ugcine amandla okunyakaza aphezulu. Ukwelashwa komsebenzi wokuzinakekela, ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi wokwelapha, nokugcina ukusebenza komzimba nengqondo. Imithi yokwelapha enengqondo, yezandla, neyomsebenzi nayo yenza izimanga ezigulini. Yiba nemibuzo engqondweni yakho, wabelane ngayo nathi, futhi uthole isiqondiso nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.