Ukwelashwa Okungcono Kakhulu Kwe-Parkinson e-Hyderabad, e-India
Isifo sikaParkinson sichazwa ngokuthi a ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo lokho kubangela ukuqina, ukuthuthumela, ubunzima bokuxhumanisa, ukulinganisa, nokuhamba. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ziqala kancane kodwa ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, umuntu ukuthola kunzima ukukhuluma nokuhamba. Izinguquko ezilandelwayo kuzo ziyi izinkinga zokulala, izinguquko zokuziphatha, ubunzima benkumbulo, izinkinga zokulala, nokukhathala. Lesi sifo singabonakala kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Isici esibonakala kakhulu salesi sifo iminyaka yobudala njengoba sineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 sitholakala ngokugcwele kodwa baba nezinkinga ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50.
Izinkinga zesifo sikaParkinson
Isifo sikaParkinson iqala lapho i-basal ganglia (indawo yobuchopho enesibopho sokulawula ukunyakaza) amangqamuzana ezinzwa efa noma ephazamiseka. Ngokuvamile, lawa ma-neurons noma amangqamuzana ezinzwa akhiqiza ikhemikhali yobuchopho ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine. Uma ama-neurons noma amangqamuzana ezinzwa ekhubazekile noma efa, ukukhiqizwa kwe-dopamine yiwo kuba kuncane. Futhi, lokhu kuphumela ezinkingeni zokunyakaza nakuba ososayensi bengakahloli imbangela yokufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa. I-Norepinephrine iyisithunywa samakhemikhali esiyinhloko sohlelo lwezinzwa olunozwela futhi ingase ife ngenxa yalokhu. Futhi, kubangela izimpawu ezinganyakazi njengokungajwayelekile ukushaya kwegazi, ukukhathala, ukugaya kancane kokudla, nezinkinga kukho kokubili ukuqamba amanga nokuhlala phansi.
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Ukuguqulwa kofuzo nakho kubhekwa njengezimbangela ezingase zibe khona kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile. Ngokuvamile, lesi sigameko sibonakala lapho amalungu omndeni ahlukene esevele ehlushwa yilesi sifo, khona-ke amathuba ayanda.
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Ukuchayeka ezicini ezithile zemvelo nobuthi nakho kungabeka engcupheni amathuba esifo sikaParkinson futhi ngamathuba ambalwa.
Izimpawu
Isifo sikaParkinson siza nezimpawu ezine ezinkulu
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Ukunyakaza kancane
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Ukuqina kwesiqu nesitho
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Ukuthuthumela ezingalweni, imilenze, ikhanda, izandla, noma umhlathi
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Ukungaxhumani kahle nokulinganisela ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukuwa
Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganisa izinguquko ezingokomzwelo nokucindezeleka. Abantu abambalwa baphinde babike ubunzima bokugwinya, izinkinga zokukhuluma, izinkinga zokuhlafuna, ukuqunjelwa, izinkinga zokuchama, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kanye izinkinga zesikhumba. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bayaphuthelwa yizimpawu zokuqala uma kubhekwa iminyaka yabo yobudala kodwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelashwa, izimpawu zabo ziqala ukuba zimbi kakhulu.
Izigaba ezi-5 ze-Parkinson's Disease
Isifo sikaParkinson yisifo se-neurodeergenerative esithuthukayo esivame ukudlulela ezigabeni ezinhlanu.
Isigaba 1: Isigaba Sokutholakala Komtholampilo/Esokuqala
- Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, kungase kube nezimpawu ezicashile ezivame ukunganakwa noma okuthiwa zibangelwa ezinye izimbangela.
- Ukuthuthumela noma ezinye izimpawu zemoto ngokuvamile azibonakali kuleli phuzu.
- Ukushintsha kwephunga noma ukungakhululeki okuncane komzimba kungase kube izinkomba zakuqala.
Isigaba 2: Isigaba Esimaphakathi/Esakuqala
- Lesi sigaba sibonakala ngokubonakala kwezimpawu ezithambile ezibonakalayo kodwa ezingaphazamisi kakhulu imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
- Ukuzamazama, ukuqina, kanye ne-bradykinesia (ukunyakaza kancane) kuba sobala kakhulu.
- Izinkinga zokulinganisela nokuma nazo zingase ziqale ukukhula.
Isigaba 3: Okumaphakathi/Maphakathi Nesiteji
- Kulesi sigaba, izimpawu ziba sobala futhi zingaphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
- Izinkinga zebhalansi nokuwa kuvame kakhulu.
- Izimpawu zezimoto, njenge-bradykinesia kanye nokuqina, ziba nzima kakhulu.
- Abantu abaningi kulesi sigaba badinga usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Isigaba 4: Isiteji Esinzima/Esithuthukisiwe
- Izimpawu kulesi sigaba zikhubaza kakhulu.
- Ukuhamba kungase kube nzima kakhulu noma kungenzeki ngaphandle kosizo.
- Abantu bavame ukuzwa ukushintshashintsha kwezimoto, kanye nezikhathi "zokuvala" lapho imithi ingasebenzi kahle.
- Abaningi badinga ukwesekwa okukhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Isigaba 5: Isigaba Sokugcina
- Esigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu, abantu ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuma noma ukuhamba.
- Bangase balale embhedeni noma bahambe ngesihlalo esinamasondo.
- Izimpawu ezinzima zemoto kanye nezimpawu ezingezona izimoto zikhona.
- Izinkinga zokuqonda kanye nezengqondo nazo zingagqama kakhulu.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesifo sikaParkinson
Umyalelo wochwepheshe wethu wokwenza izivivinyo ezithile zalesi sifo njengokushuba kweziyaluyalu. Iziguli eziza nezimpawu ezifana ne-Parkinson eziwumphumela wezinye izimbangela nazo kuthiwa zihlushwa yi-parkinsonism. Kodwa, asizihloniphi kabi lezi zimpawu futhi siqinisekiswa ngosizo lokuhlolwa okuthile kwezokwelapha ngemva kwempendulo yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Ngalokhu kuhlolwa, siyakwazi ukuhlukanisa izifo zikaParkinson nezinye. Ezinye izifo nazo zingaba nezimpawu ezifanayo kodwa zombili zidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Okwamanje, ayikho ilabhorethri noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhona ukuze kuhlonzwe izimo ezingezona zofuzo zika-Parkinson. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwezinzwa zesiguli kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Futhi, uma isiguli sibonisa ukuthuthuka ngemva kwemithi, khona-ke lokhu kungenye ukuqashelwa kwalesi sifo.
Ukwelashwa okuphakanyiswe odokotela bethu besifo sikaParkinson
Nakuba lesi sifo singezi nekhambi elihlala njalo, ukuhlinzwa, imithi, nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziyamukelwa ukuze kudambise izimpawu. Imithi enconyelwe isifo sikaParkinson ihlanganisa:
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Izidakamizwa ezisiza ekuthinteni amanye amakhemikhali obuchopho emzimbeni
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Izidakamizwa ezisiza ekwandiseni amazinga e-dopamine ebuchosheni
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Ukulawula izimpawu ze-nonmotor ngosizo lwezidakamizwa
Ukwelapha okuvame kakhulu futhi okuyinhloko kwesifo sikaParkinson yi-levodopa eyaziwa nangokuthi i-L-dopa. I-Levodopa isetshenziswa amangqamuzana ezinzwa ukwenza i-dopamine njengesiphakeli esihle sobuchopho. Ngokuvamile, i-levodopa inikezwa iziguli kanye nomunye umuthi okuthiwa i-carbidopa. I-Carbidopa yehlisa noma ivimbele imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa kwe-levodopa njengokuhlanza, isicanucanu, ukungahlaliseki, nomfutho wegazi ophansi. Lokhu futhi kunciphisa inani levodopa elidingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpawu.
Seluleka iziguli zikaParkinson ukuthi zingayeki ukuthola i-levodopa ngaphandle kokubonana nodokotela. Uma uthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokumisa umuthi lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu njengokungakwazi ukunyakaza noma ukuthola ubunzima bokuphefumula.
Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zikaParkinson ehlanganisa:
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I-MAO-B inhibitors yokunciphisa i-enzyme yokudiliza i-dopamine ngaphakathi kobuchopho.
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I-Dopamine agonists yokukopisha izindima ze-dopamine ebuchosheni.
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Izidakamizwa ze-Anticholinergic zokunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha nokuthuthumela.
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I-Amantadine umuthi wakudala we-antiviral wokunciphisa ukunyakaza okungahleliwe.
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Ama-COMT inhibitors nawo asiza ekwephuleni i-dopamine.
I-DBS (ukuvuselela ubuchopho obujulile) - Iziguli ezingakwazi ukuphendula kahle emithini kaParkinson, bese sizinika i-DBS (ukuvuselela ubuchopho obujulile). Kuyinqubo yokuhlinza ukufaka ama-electrode ngaphakathi kobuchopho futhi uxhume emshinini omncane kagesi ofakwe esifubeni. Ama-Electrode kanye nale divayisi ivuselela ubuchopho ngendlela engenabuhlungu esisiza ngokwengeziwe ekulungiseni izimpawu ezihlukile ze-Parkinson njengokunyakaza kancane, ukundindizela, kanye nokuqina.
Prevention
Isifo sikaParkinson singenzeka ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo noma ngaphandle kwesizathu esibikezelwayo. Ukuvimbela akunakwenzeka, futhi azikho izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa isimo. Nakuba imisebenzi ethile, njengokulima nokushisela, inengozi enkulu ye-parkinsonism, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu kule misebenzi ozothuthukisa isimo.
Ezinye zokwelapha
Izindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo nazo zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson. Lezi zihlanganisa ukwelapha emsebenzini, ngokomzimba, nokukhuluma. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisiza ekuphazamisekeni kwezwi nokuhamba, ukuqina, ukuthuthumela, nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Futhi, izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo ezifana nokuzivocavoca kanye nokudla okunempilo nazo zelulekwa ukuthuthukisa ibhalansi nokuqinisa imisipha.
Ngakho-ke, lena yindlela abahlinzeki bethu bezempilo abakusiza ngayo ukuthi ulwe nesifo sikaParkinson. Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo yakho mayelana nezimpawu, izimbangela, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-Parkinson. Inhloso yethu ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lwezokwelapha olungcono kakhulu kanye nokuqondisa iziguli endleleni efanele yokuvimbela izifo.
HyderabadIzibhedlela ze-CARE, eBanjara Hills I-CARE Outpatient Centre, e-Banjara Hills CARE Izibhedlela, HITEC City CARE Hospitals, Nampally Izibhedlela zaseGurunanak CARE, Musheerabad I-CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, i-HITEC City CARE Hospitals, Malakpet
Raipur
Bhubaneshwar
Visakhapatnam
Nagpur
esilengayo
Chh. Sambhajinagar
Imitholampilo Nezikhungo Zezokwelapha
