I-Radiation Therapy Ekwelapheni Umdlavuza: Konke Odinga Ukukwazi

Igama "ukwelashwa kwemisebe” ibhekisela enqubweni yokusebenzisa imishayo yemisebe enamandla ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana anomdlavuza emzimbeni Iwuhlobo lokwelapha umdlavuza olusebenzisa imishayo enamandla amakhulu ngokuvamile esetshenziswa nge-accelerator ewumugqa ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana omdlavuza endaweni eqondile ngaphakathi emzimbeni wesiguli.

Izingozi zokwelashwa ngemisebe- zilimaza amangqamuzana ngokucekela phansi izakhi zofuzo ezilawula ukukhula nokuhlukana kwamaseli. Umthamo onembile kanye nokugxilwa kwemishayo yemisebe ezosetshenziswa ekwelapheni kuhlelwa ngokucophelela ukuze kwandiswe imisebe emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza futhi kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Yize womabili amangqamuzana anempilo kanye nanomdlavuza ethinteka ekwelapheni ngemisebe, inhloso wukucekela phansi amaseli ambalwa anempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amangqamuzana anempilo, avamile ngokuvamile angalungisa umonakalo omkhulu obangelwa imisebe.

Iyini I-Radiation Therapy?

Igama elithi “radiation therapy” libhekisela enqubweni yokusebenzisa imishayo yemisebe enamandla ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana anomdlavuza emzimbeni. Kuwuhlobo lokwelapha umdlavuza olusebenzisa imishayo enamandla amakhulu ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ngesisheshisi esiwumugqa ukuze kubulawe amaseli omdlavuza endaweni eqondile ngaphakathi komzimba wesiguli. Nakuba ngokuvamile kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray, ama-proton noma ezinye izinhlobo zamandla nazo zingasetshenziswa.

Izingozi Zokwelapha Nge-Radiation:

Ukwelapha ngemisebe kulimaza amangqamuzana ngokubhubhisa izakhi zofuzo ezilawula ukukhula nokuhlukana kwamangqamuzana. Umthamo onembile kanye nokugxilwa kwemishayo yemisebe ezosetshenziswa ekwelapheni kuhlelwa ngokucophelela ukuze kwandiswe imisebe emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza futhi kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Yize womabili amangqamuzana anempilo kanye nanomdlavuza ethinteka ekwelapheni ngemisebe, inhloso wukucekela phansi amaseli ambalwa anempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amangqamuzana anempilo, avamile ngokuvamile angalungisa umonakalo omkhulu obangelwa imisebe.

Kungani Abantu Bethola Ukwelashwa Nge-radiation?

Abantu abaningi abanomdlavuza bathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe njengengxenye yokwelashwa komdlavuza esikhathini esithile. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe nakho kuyasiza ekwelapheni ezinye izimila ezingenawo umdlavuza (eziyingozi). Udokotela angase asikisele ukwelashwa ngemisebe ezigabeni ezahlukene zokwelashwa komdlavuza ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• Njengokuphela kokwelashwa (okuyisisekelo) komdlavuza
• Ukunciphisa isimila esinomdlavuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ukwelashwa kwe-neoadjuvant)
• Ukumisa ukukhula kwanoma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa (ukwelashwa kwe-adjuvant)
• Ukucekela phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-chemotherapy
• Ukunciphisa izimpawu ezibangelwa umdlavuza osekhulile

Izingozi Ezihilelekile Ekulapheni Ngemisebe Yomdlavuza

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza kuyasebenza ekwelapheni umdlavuza kodwa kunezingozi ezithile futhi. Kuye ngokuthi ingxenye yomzimba ichayeke emisebeni kanye nenani lemisebe esetshenziswayo, isiguli singase sibe nemiphumela engemihle eminingana noma singabi nayo nhlobo. Imiphumela emibi eminingi ingeyesikhashana, ingalawuleka futhi ivamise ukunyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Imiphumela emibi evamile yokwelashwa ngemisebe yile ukulahlekelwa izinwele kanye/noma ukucasuka kwesikhumba endaweni yokwelapha, ngaphandle kokukhathala. Uma ingxenye engenhla yomzimba ilashwa, khona-ke imiphumela engemihle njengomlomo owomile, umphimbo obuhlungu, amathe ajiyile, ubunzima bokugwinya, izinguquko endleleni ukudla okunambitheka ngayo, isicanucanu, izilonda zomlomo, ukukhwehlela, ukuphelelwa umoya njll.

Uma imisebe isetshenziswa engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba, okungukuthi kusukela okhalweni kwehle, isiguli singase sibe nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukucasuka kwesinye, ukuchama njalo, ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi njll. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umdlavuza omusha (umdlavuza wesibili oyinhloko) ohlukile kowokuqala ungase uthuthuke ngemva kweminyaka eminingi. Iziguli kufanele zithintane nodokotela wazo ukuze zazi okwengeziwe mayelana nemiphumela engaba khona emfushane neyesikhathi eside yokwelashwa kwazo.

Ukulungiselela Ukwelashwa

Ongakulindela ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngemisebe

Kwa-CARE, okuphikiswayo okuyisikhungo esingcono kakhulu sokwelapha umdlavuza kanye ne-radiation e-Hyderabad, kusetshenziswa inkuthalo efanelekile ekuhleleni inqubo yokwelapha yokwelashwa ngemisebe, ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo yayo ngezinga eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Okokuqala, ithimba le-radiation therapy lizothatha isiguli nge-computerized tomography (CT) scans ukuze linqume indawo eqondile yomzimba okufanele zelashwe. Ngemva kwalokho, ithimba laliyonquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwemisebe elizonikezwa isiguli futhi ngamuphi umthamo, ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesiguli kanye nesigaba somdlavuza, impilo evamile kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

Ongakulindela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukuhlela ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa nokulingiswa kwemisebe. Ngesikhathi sokulingisa, ithimba le-radiation therapy lisebenza nesiguli ukuze lizitholele indawo enethezekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Njengoba bezodinga ukulala banganyakazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukuthola indawo ekhululekile kubalulekile. Ithimba le-radiation therapy lizomaka indawo yomzimba ezothola imisebe.

Phakathi neseshini yokwelapha, isiguli kufanele silale phansi endaweni enqunywe ngesikhathi sokulingisa. Ngemva kwalokho, umshini wokusheshisa umugqa ungase ujikeleze umzimba wesiguli ukuze ufinyelele lapho kuhloswe khona usuka ezinhlangothini ezihlukene bese uletha umthamo onembile wemisebe njengoba uyalelwe udokotela. Isiguli kufanele silale singanyakazi futhi siphefumule ngendlela evamile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ukufeza lokho, iziguli ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma webele zingase zicelwe ukuthi zibambe umoya ngenkathi umshini uletha ukwelashwa.

Iseshini ngayinye yokwelashwa ngokuvamile ihlala phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kusakazwa emavikini athile ukuvumela isikhathi sokululama samaseli anempilo phakathi kwezikhathi zokwelashwa ngemisebe. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okukodwa kungase kusetshenziswe ukusiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza osezingeni eliphezulu.

Imiphumela yokwelashwa ngemisebe iyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kwezinye izimo, umdlavuza ungase uphendule ekwelashweni ngokushesha, kwezinye, kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga, futhi kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, kungase kungabi khona impendulo.