Ukuhlinzwa Kwevalve Yenhliziyo - Ukulungisa Ivalvu, Ukushintsha Ivalvu

Ukuhlinzwa Kwevalve Yenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa Kwevalve Yenhliziyo 

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo kwenziwa ukuze kushintshwe noma kulungiswe i-valve enhliziyweni. I-valve engasebenzi kahle ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo ye-valvular (isifo se-valve yenhliziyo) iyalungiswa noma ishintshwe. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo futhi kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu okungathatha cishe amahora amabili noma ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile ukululama kwayo kuthatha amasonto ambalwa. 

Izinhlobo Zokuhlinza Ivalvu Yenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo kunikeza izinketho ezimbili:

Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa ama-valve:

• Okuhloswe ngayo ukulungisa i-valve eyonakele noma enephutha kuyilapho kugcinwa ingxenye ebalulekile yezicubu zomuntu.
• Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ku-valve ye-mitral, kodwa isebenza kuma-aortic kanye nama-valve e-tricuspid futhi.

Ukuhlinzwa Kokushintshwa Kwevavu:

• Kubandakanya ukukhishwa kwevalvu engasebenzi kahle, esikhundleni sayo kufakwe amavalvu emvelo (kusuka engulubeni, enkomeni, noma ezicubu zomuntu) noma amavalvu emishini (enziwe ngensimbi noma ngekhabhoni).
• Wonke ama-valve esikhundleni ahambisana ne-biocompatible, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana namasosha omzimba ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale indawo, uhlobo, kanye nezinga lesifo se-valve, okusiza ekukhetheni inqubo efanelekile kakhulu.

Okunye okucatshangelwayo kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo senhliziyo.
• Ukucatshangelwa kweminyaka yesiguli.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izimo zezempilo ezikhona.
• Ukuqonda indlela isiguli esiphila ngayo.

Odokotela abahlinza inhliziyo bangahlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve nezinye izinqubo zenhliziyo, njengalezo ezibandakanya ama-valve amaningi noma ukuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve no:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass.
• I-aortic aneurysm ukuhlinzwa.
• Izinqubo zokukhuluma i-fibrillation ye-atrial.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-Heart Valve Surgery?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo kunamandla okunciphisa izimpawu, kuthuthukise isikhathi sokuphila, nokunciphisa ingozi yokufa.

Uma uqhathanisa ukulungiswa kwe-valve yenhliziyo nokushintshwa kwe-valve, izinzuzo ezingaba khona zimi kanje:

• Ingozi Encishisiwe Yokutheleleka:
  • Amathuba amancane okuba nezifo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Isidingo Esincishisiwe Somuthi Wempilo Yonke Ye-Anticoagulant:
  • Isidingo esinciphile semithi yesikhathi eside enciphisa igazi.

Kokubili ukulungiswa kwama-valve nokushintshwa kwama-valve, okuyizinqubo ezivame ukwenziwa kancane, kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa:

• Ingozi Ephansi Yokutheleleka:
  • Inqubo inengozi encishisiwe yokutheleleka kwangemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukopha Okuncishisiwe Nokuhlukumezeka:
  • Ukopha okuncane nokuhlukumezeka kuhlotshaniswa nokuhlinzwa.
• Ukuhlala Okufushane Esibhedlela:
  • Iziguli zithola isikhathi esifushane sokulaliswa esibhedlela.
• Ukubuyisela Ngokushesha:
  • Isikhathi sokululama sifushane kulandela ukuhlinzwa kwama-valve okungavamisile.

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo

Konke ukuhlinzwa kunezingozi ezingokwemvelo, futhi ukuhlinzwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo kunjalo. Izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo zihlanganisa:

• Isifo senhliziyo: Ukwenzeka kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Amathuba okuhluleka kwenhliziyo njengenkinga.
• Isigqi Senhliziyo Esingavamile: Isidingo esingaba se-pacemaker ngenxa yezigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile.
• Istroke: Ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwenqubo.
• ukutheleleka: Amathuba okutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
• Ukuphuza: Amathuba okopha kakhulu ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Izinto eziyingozi ezinomthelela kulezi zinkinga ezingaba khona zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala: Umthelela weminyaka yobudala kuphrofayela yobungozi iyonke.
• Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezikhona: Ukuba khona kwezinye izinkinga zezempilo ezithinta ubungozi bokuhlinzwa.
• Inombolo Yezinqubo Kumsebenzi Owodwa: Ubungozi obuhambisana nezinqubo eziningi ezenziwa ekuhlinzweni okukodwa.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo bazoxoxa nawe ngokucophelela ngalezi zingozi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinkinga ezingaba khona futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nenqubo.

Uma uke walungisa ama-valve noma washintshwa, kungase kube nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-endocarditis ethathelwanayo. Nakuba le ngozi ikhona kuwo womabili ama-valve alungisiwe nangalungile, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase akunikeze ama-antibiotics ezimweni ezithile, njengangemuva komsebenzi wamazinyo, ukuvimbela i-endocarditis. Ukunakekela kahle amazinyo akho nakho kungaba nomthelela ekwehliseni ingozi ye-endocarditis.

Ngabe odokotela be-CARE Hospitals banquma nini ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo? 

Esimeni senhliziyo esinempilo, ama-valve anesibopho sokulawula ukugeleza kwegazi nokulihambisa ngendlela eyodwa ngomzimba nenhliziyo. Uma i-valve ingasebenzi ngendlela efanele, ukugeleza kwegazi kuvalelekile emithanjeni yegazi enesibopho sokuthwala umoya-mpilo. 

Uma inani lakho linenkinga encane, odokotela bangase batuse imithi ethile yokwelapha izimpawu. Uma isimo sesiguli sisibi kakhulu, khona-ke ukulungiswa kwe-valve noma ukushintshwa kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe ku-valve yenhliziyo. 

Izibhedlela ze-CARE zenza kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo - ukulungisa ama-valve kanye nokushintshwa kwamavalvu? 

Ukulungiswa kwamavalvu enhliziyo e-Hyderabad: Okulandelayo yizinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-valve enhliziyo kuye ngesimo sesiguli:

• I-Valvotomy - Kuyinqubo engahlinzeki eyenziwa ukuze kwandiswe ama-valve enhliziyo aseyimngcingo. Kubhekwa njengenqubo engavamile kakhulu njengoba kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-catheter. Siphinde siwenze ngosizo lwebhaluni. Ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-valvuloplasty noma ibhaluni valvuloplasty.
• I-Annuloplasty - Lokhu kwenziwa uma isiguli sinevalvu evuzayo. Phansi kwe-valve yenhliziyo eyaziwa nangokuthi i-annulus, kukhona iringi ene-fibrous. Ukuze kulungiswe i-annulus eye yanda, ukuthungwa kwe-sutures kwenziwa eduze nendandatho ukuze uvule ukuvuleka kwayo kube kuncane. Idivayisi efana nendandatho nayo ixhunywe ngaphandle kwendawo yokuvula i-valve ukusiza inani ukuze ivaleke ngokuqinile. 
• I-Commissurotomy - Kuwukwelashwa odokotela bethu abakutusayo ekuqiniseni ama-valve. Amapheshana/ama-flap we-valve asikwa ukuze akhulule i-valve (kancane nje). Futhi kuvumela igazi ukuthi lijikeleze kahle. 

Ukushintshwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo

Uma i-valve yenhliziyo ilimele, idinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe i-biological noma mechanical valve esikhundleni sayo. Iminyaka yobudala isalokhu iyisici esinqumayo sokukhetha uhlobo lwama-valve. Kubantu abadala, ama-valve e-biological ayakhethwa. Odokotela bethu bathatha lesi sinqumo ngemvume yakho ngemva kokuxoxa nawe ngazo zonke izimo. 

Ama-valve omshini 

• Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-valve engumshini ukuqina kwayo, njengoba ihlala isikhathi eside. 

• Izicubu zenhliziyo zithungelwa inani kusetshenziswa indandatho yendwangu. 

• Ama-valve omshini angaholela ekuhlulekeni kwegazi okungaholela ekushayweni noma ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Ukuze kuvinjwe lawa mahlule, abantu abakhetha amavalvu ayimishini batuswa ama-anticoagulant (imithi enciphisa igazi) impilo yonke.

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abantu abanomlando wokopha bangase babe nemithelela emikhulu, ngakho odokotela bethu bahlola zonke izici kusenesikhathi. Abantu abaphakanyisiwe abanciphisa igazi bangase badinge ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukuze kukale ukujiya kwegazi. 

• Ukushintshwa kwamavalvu ebhayoloji kwaziwa nangokuthi amavalvu e-bioprosthetic noma amathishu enziwe ngezilwane noma abantu abanikelayo. 

• Ama-valve omthombo wezilwane, ikakhulukazi izingulube noma izinkomo, athathwa njengenhliziyo yomuntu. Lezi zilungiswa kahle, futhi lawa mancane kakhulu noma angeke akwazi ukwakha amahlule egazi uma kuqhathaniswa namavalvu emishini.

• I-Homograft noma i-allograft yilawo mavalvu enhliziyo yomuntu asetshenziswa enhliziyweni enikelwe futhi lawa athathwa njengabekezelelwe kahle. Lawa ahlala isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa namavalvu ezilwane. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwe-valve yomuntu akuvamile. 

• Ama-autografts nawo angama-valve athathwa esicutshini somuntu. I-valve yamaphaphu esebenza kahle isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-aortic valve eyonakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushintshwa kwe-valve ye-pulmonary kwenziwa nge-valve enikeziwe. 

• Iziguli ezikhetha ama-valve ebhayoloji ziyanconywa kuma-blood thinner isikhathi esifushane. Ezigulini esezikhulile, lezi zibhekwa njengeziqinile endaweni ye-aorta. 

I-Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) yaziwa nangokuthi i-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Lena inqubo yokushintsha i-valve engenele kancane eyenzelwe ukwelapha i-aortic valve stenosis enezimpawu. Ihlukile ekuhlinzweni okuvamile kokushintshwa kwe-valve. 

• I-catheter ifakwa odokotela bethu abahlinzayo ngevalve ye-aortic egoqekayo nentsha ngokusikwa okuncane esifubeni noma ezinqeni. 

• Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-x-ray yesifuba kanye ne-ultrasound, i-catheter isetshenziselwa ukulungisa indawo yenhliziyo, futhi i-valve entsha iyanwetshwa futhi ifakwe. 

• Uma i-valve entsha isibekwe kahle, iqala ngokushesha ukulawula ukujikeleza kwegazi. 

• Abantu abakhethela i-TAVI bathola ukululama okusheshayo nokuhlala isikhashana ezibhedlela. Kunconywa kulabo abanezinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. 

Kungani ukhethe Izibhedlela ze-CARE eNdiya?

Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, iziguli zinolwazi lwengqalasizinda yesimanje kanye nodokotela abanekhono abaqondisa iziguli hhayi kuphela nge-Heart Valve Replacement e-Hyderabad kodwa nangokuphathelene noshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nemikhuba yokudla, ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yazo.