I-Pediatric Neurosurgery

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Neurosurgery Yezingane e-Hyderabad

I-Pediatric Neurosurgery iwuhlobo lokuhlinzwa kwezinzwa okwelapha izingane ezinezinkinga zemizwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezihlobene nomgogodla, isimiso sezinzwa kanye Ubuchopho. 

Ezinye izifo zemizwa zidinga ukwelashwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokubeletha. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike ebucayi besimo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwemizwa kwenziwa odokotela abahlinzayo abaqeqeshiwe nabanolwazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yezingane.

Izibhedlela ze-CARE zithathwa njengezinye zezibhedlela ezingcono kakhulu zezingane i-neurosurgery. Isibhedlela sihlinzeka ngokunakekelwa nokwelashwa ezinganeni zabo bonke ubudala. Ithimba lodokotela bezinhlaka eziningi lisizwa abahlengikazi abaqeqeshiwe kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Basebenzisa izinqubo ezingenele kancane zokwelashwa kwezingane futhi banikeze imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Uchwepheshe Bezinzwa Ezibhedlela ze-CARE

At CARE Izibhedlela, odokotela nodokotela abahlinzayo bahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zezokwelapha zezingane. Odokotela bezinzwa zezingane kulesi sibhedlela bahlinzeka ngokwelashwa kwezinkinga zezokwelapha ezilandelayo:

• Izimila zobuchopho - Kuwukuphazamiseka lapho ukukhula kwamangqamuzana angavamile kwenzeka ebuchosheni bengane. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa lokwelapha lesi sifo luncike ohlotsheni lwesimila sobuchopho, indawo ekuso kanye neminyaka yengane.

• I-Neurofibromatosis - Kuyisifo sofuzo lapho kwakheka khona izimila emthanjeni. Amathumba angakhula emithanjeni, ebuchosheni nasentanjeni yomgogodla. Ukuhlinzwa kunganciphisa izimpawu zalesi sifo kanti ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zelaphe i-neurofibromatosis.

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa - Lezi zinkinga zaziwa nangokuthi ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. ezinye zezinkinga zokuzalwa ezijwayelekile yilezi:

1. Ulwanga/ udebe oluqhekeziwe

2. Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo

3. I-Down syndrome

4. I-Spine bifida

Izimbangela zalezi zinkinga yizici zemvelo noma izici zofuzo noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili.

• I-Stroke - Ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheli okubangelwa ukuntuleka komoyampilo noma ukopha kakhulu. Izinhlobo ze-stroke yilezi:

1. I-Cerebral venous thrombosis

2. I-Perinatal stroke

3. I-Arterial ischemic stroke

4. I-Ischemic stroke

5. Isifo sohlangothi esopha kakhulu

6. I-Sinovenous thrombosis stroke

• Ukukhubazeka komgogodla - Ijika elingavamile entanjeni yomgogodla laziwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka komgogodla. Lesi sici sithinta imisebenzi yomgogodla. Kuholela ekuhambeni okungalungile, ubuhlungu kanye nokuphazamiseka kwezinzwa. Izinhlobo zokukhubazeka komgogodla yilezi:

1. Lordosis

2. I-Scoliosis

3. I-Kyphosis

• Isifo sokuwa - Kuyisimo sobuchopho lapho ingane iba nokuquleka. Lokhu kuquleka kuvela lapho amasignali obuchopho avamile ephazanyiswa amasignali kagesi angavamile.

• I-nerve trauma - Lapho kuhlukumezeka izinzwa, inzwa iyalimala futhi umuntu uzwa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, ukuntlinya noma ukuzwa ukushisa endaweni ethintekile.

Isidingo Se-Pediatric Neurosurgery

I-neurosurgery yezingane inconywa kulabo bantwana ababonisa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa zezingane. Kunezimpawu ezihlukene zezinkinga ze-neuron ezihlukene. Ezinye zezimpawu zibalwe ngezansi:

• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma elibeleselayo

• Okungalungile noma ukuntuleka kokukhula kosayizi wekhanda

• Ukuqina emisipha

• Ukuquleka noma ukundindizela

• Ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni

• Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana

• I-Mood iyashintsha

• Inkulumo emisiwe

• Ukubola kwemisipha

• Izinguquko ukunyakaza, umsebenzi kanye ingqondo

• Ukulahlekelwa kwememori

• Ukubona kabili noma ukuntuleka kombono

Izinkinga Ku-Pediatric Neurosurgery

Izinto eziyingozi ezihlotshaniswa ne-neurosurgery yezingane ezimweni ezingavamile ngokuvamile zibangelwa i-anesthesia nezinqubo zokuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezinkinga yilezi:

• Ukuvuza kwe-cerebrospinal fluid

• Ukushoda kwezinzwa

• Ukutheleleka kanye nokuvinjwa kwama-shunts e-ventriculoperitoneal

• Ukuphuma ngokweqile

• I-Bradyarrhythmia

Ukuhlolwa Kokuxilongwa Kwenziwa Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa Kwezingane

Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, ithimba lodokotela abanolwazi benza izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwezinzwa zezingane. Lezi zivivinyo zokuxilonga yilezi:

• I-CT scan - Lokhu kuhlola kusebenzisa ama-X-ray ukuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane yengxenye ethile yomzimba okuhlanganisa amathambo, imisipha, ubuchopho nezinye izitho.

• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG) - Ukuhlolwa kuyasiza ekuqapheni umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.

• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Kulokhu kuhlolwa, izindawo zikazibuthe namaza omsakazo asetshenziselwa ukuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane yezitho zomzimba.

• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-cerebral spinal fluid - Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bathatha isampula yoketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal entanjeni yomgogodla ukuze bayohlolwa.

• I-Sonography - Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuxilonga kusebenzisa ikhompuyutha namagagasi omsindo wemvamisa ephezulu ukuze kwakhe izithombe zezicubu, izitho nemithambo yegazi.

• I-Neurosonography - Ngalokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela abahlinzayo baqapha izakhiwo zesimiso sezinzwa kuhlanganise nomgogodla, ubuchopho nezinye izakhiwo njengoba zisebenzisa amaza omsindo aphezulu kakhulu.

Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo ye-neurosurgery yezingane?

I-neurosurgery yezingane ibandakanya izinqubo ezibucayi ebuchosheni, emgogodleni, kanye nesimiso sezinzwa zezingane. Ubuchwepheshe obahlukahlukene busiza ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba, ukuphepha, kanye nemiphumela efanele. Obunye ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu buhlanganisa:

• I-Neuroimaging: Izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuthwebula izithombe ezifana ne-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kanye nezikena ze-CT (Computed Tomography) zinikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yobuchopho nomgogodla, zisiza ekuhleleni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuzulazula kwangaphakathi kokuhlinzwa.
• I-Intraoperative Imaging: I-Intraoperative MRI noma i-CT scans ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kunikezwe isiqondiso sesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwenqubo yokuhlinzwa.
• I-Neuronavigation: Lobu buchwepheshe buhlanganisa idatha ye-imaging yangaphambi kokusebenza nomkhakha wokuhlinza, okuvumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi bathole ngokunembile futhi bahambe phakathi kobuchopho noma umgogodla ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
• I-Microsurgery: Imakroskopu noma ama-endoscope anezinga eliphezulu nokukhanya asetshenziselwa ukwenza izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokulimala okuncane kwezicubu.
• I-Neuromonitoring: Amasu afana ne-intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) asiza ukuhlola umsebenzi wezinzwa nokuqapha umsebenzi wobuchopho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zemizwa.
• I-Stereotactic Radiosurgery: Kwezinye izimo, i-stereotactic radiosurgery, njenge-Gamma Knife noma i-CyberKnife, ingase isetshenziselwe ukuletha imisebe enembile ukuze kuqondiswe ezindaweni ezisebuchosheni noma emgogodleni, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlinzwa kwendabuko.
• Amasu e-Endoscopic: Izinqubo ze-endoscopic ezihlasela kancane zingase zisetshenziswe ezimweni ezifana ne-hydrocephalus, okuvumela izikhathi ezifushane zokutakula kanye nengozi encishisiwe yezinkinga.
• Ukuphrinta kwe-3D: Amamodeli enziwe ngokwezifiso e-3D-aphrintiwe we-anatomy yesiguli angasiza odokotela abahlinzayo ekuhleleni ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye namasu okuprakthiza ngaphambi kwenqubo yangempela.
• Usizo lweRobhothi: Amasistimu wamarobhothi angasiza odokotela abahlinzayo ekwenzeni ukunyakaza okunembile phakathi nezinqubo ze-neurosurgical, bathuthukise ukunemba nokuphepha.

Ukwelashwa Kuhlinzekwa Izibhedlela Ze-CARE

Ezibhedlela ze-CARE, odokotela abahlinzayo bezingane benza izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-neurosurgical zezingane ukuze belaphe izifo ezihlukahlukene zesimiso sezinzwa:

• Ukususwa noma ukususwa kwesimila ebuchosheni

  • Enqubweni yokuhlinza i-debulking, ingxenye yesimila isuswa ngokuphepha ebuchosheni. 
  • Ngokususa isisu, isimila sisuswa ngokuphelele ebuchosheni. 
  • Odokotela abahlinzayo basusa izimila ngamazono nasemakhaleni besebenzisa i-endoscope ekuhlinzweni kwe-endonasal endoscopy.
  • Zonke lezi zinqubo zenziwa ukunciphisa amathuba ezingozi ezigulini.
• I-Biopsy: I-biopsy yenzelwe izinjongo zokuxilonga. Phakathi nale nqubo yokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzothatha isampula yethishu esilonda noma ukukhula okungavamile kobuchopho. Isampula libe selithunyelwa ukuze lihlolwe imiphumela yalo esiza odokotela abahlinza izinzwa ukuthi bazi uhlobo lokukhula kwesiguli sabo.
• I-Embolization noma i-microvascular clipping: I-aneurysm yenzeka lapho ingxenye yomkhumbi wegazi igcwala igazi futhi inwebeka njengebhaluni. Ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwe-aneurysm, odokotela abahlinzayo baya embolization. Kuyinqubo lapho bevimba ukugeleza kwegazi ku-aneurysm. Bangakwazi futhi ukwenza i-microvascular clipping lapho odokotela abahlinzayo besusa umthambo ohambisa igazi emithanjeni yegazi ethintekile.
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma ukulimala: Udokotela ohlinzayo angase enze inqubo yokuhlinzwa eyaziwa ngokuthi i-rhizotomy ukuze elaphe ukugogeka kwemisipha okuzenzakalelayo. Basebenzisa ukuvuselela kagesi ukuze bathole inzwa eyonakele.

Izibhedlela ZOKUNAKEKELA Zingasiza Kanjani?

Izibhedlela ze-CARE yizibhedlela ezihamba phambili ze-neurosurgery yezingane, ezenza konke ukuhlinzwa okuhlanganisa ne-neurosurgery yezingane ngokuvumelana nezinqubo zokwelapha zamazwe ngamazwe. Ithimba elinolwazi lodokotela abahlinzayo linikeza izinketho zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe ezigulini. Basebenzisa izinqubo ezihlasela kancane phakathi nokuhlinzwa ukuze banciphise amathuba ezingozi. Abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe besibhedlela bahlinzeka ngosizo oluphelele kanye nokunakekelwa kokugcina ezigulini ngesikhathi sokululama kwazo.